The Good and Evil Serpent (186 page)

Jayne, W. A.
The Healing Gods of Ancient Civilizations
. New Haven: Yale University Press, and London: Oxford University Press, 1925; see esp. pp. 22223, 230–31, 254–57, 282–85.

Jefremow, I.
Das Herz der Schlange
, trans. H. Angarowa et al. Moscow: Verlag für Fremdsprachige Literatur, n.d. [novelistic]

Jenson, R. W., ed. “Bronze serpent,”
Dialog
17 (1978) 251–86.

Jeremias, A.
Das Alte Testament im Lichte des Alten Orients
. Leipzig: J. C. Hin-richs, 1916 [3rd ed.].

Joger, U.
The Venomous Snakes of the Near and Middle East
. Beihefte zum Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients Reihe A, Nr. 12; Wiesbaden: Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 1984 [a manual of the taxonomy and distribution of venomous snakes in the Near and Middle East; see esp. the drawings on pp. 89–95].

Johnson, B.
Lady of the Beasts: Ancient Images of the Goddess and Her Sacred Animals
. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1988; see esp. “The Serpent” on pp. 121–91 [valuable, full of data, well organized, heavily influenced by Jung; at times lacks proper nuancing].

Johnson, S. B.
The Cobra Goddess of Ancient Egypt: Predynastic, Early Dynastic, and Old Kingdom Periods
. London, New York: Kegan Paul International, 1990; see the important discussion of the meaning of the uraeus on pp. 3–11 and the earliest known examples of it on pp. 19–33.

Joines, K. R. “The Serpent in Gen 3,”
Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
87 (1975) 1–11.

______. “The Bronze Serpent in the Israelite Cult,”
Journal of Biblical Literature
87 (1968) 245–56.

______. “The Bronze Serpent in the OT.” PhD Dissertation, Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1967.

______. “The Serpent in Gen 3,”
Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
87 (1975) 1–11.

______.
Serpent Symbolism in the Old Testament: A Linguistic, Archaeological, and Literary Study
. Haddonfield, N.J.: Haddonfield House, 1974.

______. “Winged Serpents in Isaiah’s Inaugural Vision,”
Journal of Biblical Literature
86 (1967) 410–15.

Jonas, H.
Gnosis und spätantiker Geist
. Vol. 1. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1934; see esp. pp. 221–23, 358–62 [for Ophites].

______.
The Gnostic Religion: The Message of the Alien God and the Beginnings of Christianity
[2nd. ed., rev.] Boston: Beacon Press, 1963; pp. 91–96.

Jones, G. H.
1 and 2 Kings, Vol. II: 1 Kings 17:1–2 Kings 25:30
. New Century Bible Commentary. Basingstoke, Hants. (United Kingdom): Marshall, Morgan & Scott, 1984; reprint, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans (n.d); see esp. pp. 560–63.

Jordon-Smith, P. “The Serpent and the Eagle,”
Parabola: The Magazine of Myth and Tradition
14 (1989) 64–71.

Joüon, P. “Le grand dragon, l’ancien serpent,”
Recherches de Science Religieuse
17 (1927) 444–46.

Justin.
Justin: “Dialogue avec Tryphon,”
ed. G. Archambault. Textes et documents pour l’étude historique du Christianisme 11. Paris: Librairie Alphonse Picard et Fils, 1909.

______.
Saint Justin: “Apologies,”
ed. A. Wartelle. Paris: Études Augustiniennes, 1987.

Kaestli, J. D. “L’interprétation du serpent de Genèse 3 dans quelques textes gnos-tiques et la question de la gnose ‘Ophite,’ “
Gnosticisme et monde Hellénistique
, ed. J. Ries et al. Publications de L’Institut Orientaliste de Louvain 27. Louvain-la-Neuve: Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut Orientaliste, 1982; pp. 116–30.

Kähler, H.
Rom und sein Imperium
. Kunst der Welt. Baden-Baden: Holle Verlag, 1979 [3rd ed.]; see esp. Illus. 11 [Apollo altar].

Kâkosy, L. “The Astral Snakes of the Nile,”
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Abteilung Kairo
37 (1981) 255–60. [Festschrift for L. Habachi.]

Kambach, J. J.
Betrachtung des Geheimnisses Jesu Christi in dem Vorbilde der Ehernen Schlange
. Halle: Verlegung des Wausenhauses, 1728.

Karageorghis, V. “A ‘Snake-house’ from Enkomi,”
Cyprus: Report of the Department of Antiquities
(1972) 109–12 [see the publication by Drummond].

Keel, O.
Jahwe-Visionen und Siegelkunst
. Stuttgarter Bibelstudien 84/85. Stuttgart: Verlag Katholisches Bibelwerk, 1977; see esp. pp. 71–74 and 83–92.

______.
Das Recht der Bilder gesehen zu werden: Drei Fallstudien zur Methode der Interpretation altorientalischer Bilder
. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 122. Freiburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag and Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1992; see esp. “Polyvalenz der Schlange,” on pp. 195–267.

______.
Die Welt der altorientalischen Bildsymbolik und das Alte Testament: Am Beispiel der Psalmen
. Zürich: Benziger Verlag, 1972. The focus preempts inclusion of Gen 3:1–23 and Num 21, perhaps; but see Illus. 19, 38, 41, 46–48 [the serpent as a symbol of chaos and evil to be conquered], 49–50 [the serpent as symbolizing creation, perhaps], 55 [the serpent as symbolic of time and chronology], 94 [the demonic serpent], 106 [the serpent as dangerous and bearer of death], 125–26.

Keel, O., and C. Uehlinger.
Gods, Goddesses, and Images of God in Ancient Israel
, trans. T. H. Trapp. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1998.

Kees, H. “Der angebliche Gauname ‘Schlangenberg,”
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Abteilung Kairo
20 (1965) 102–9.

______.
Der Götterglaube im Alten Ägypten
. Mitteilungen der VorderasiastischAgyptischen Gesellschaft 45. Leipzig, 1941; Berlin, 1956 [2nd ed.].

______. “Die Schlangensteine und ihre Beziehungen zu den Reichsheiligtümern,”
Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde
57 (1922) 120-36.

Keimer, L.
Histoires de serpents dans l’Égypte ancienne et moderne
. Mémoires de l’Institut d’Égypte 50. Cairo: Institut Français, 1947.

Keller, O. “Schlangen,”
Die antike Tierwelt
. Hildesheim: Olms, 1963 [from original in Leipzig, 1913]; vol. 2, pp. 284–305.

Kemal, Y.
Töte die Schlange
, trans. C. Bischoff. Zürich: Unionsverlag, 1988 [the original Turkish is 1976]. [a novel]

Kendall, T. “Schlangenspiel,”
Lexikon der Ägyptologie
5.1 (1983) cols. 653–55 [plus see his bibliography on this game].

Kenyon, K.
Excavations at Jericho: The Tombs Excavated in 1952–1954
. Vol. 1. Jerusalem: British School of Archaeology, 1960. [See Fig. 162, which is a vase in the shape of a bird; the vase has images of two serpents.]

______.
Excavations at Jericho: The Tombs Excavated in 1955–1958
. Vol. 2. Jerusalem: British School of Archaeology, 1965.

Kerényi, C.
Asklepios: Archetypal Image of the Physician’s Existence
, trans. R. Manheim. Bollingen Series 65. New York: Pantheon Books, 1959 [originally published as
Der Göttliche Arzt: Studien über Asklepios und seine Kultstätten
. Basel: Ciba Ltd., 1948 (republished in Darmstadt in 1964)].

______.
Dionysos: Archetypal Image of Indestructible Life
. Bollingen Foundation Series 65.2. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1976.

______.
Die Mysterien von Eleusis
. Zürich: Rhein-Verlag, 1962.

______.
The Gods of the Greeks
, trans. N. Cameron. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1951.

Kerschensteiner, “Die Schlange des Asklepios,”
Knolls mitteil. für Ärzte,” Jubil
.
Ausg
. (1866–1936) 250–55.

Kiernan, J. P. “The Fall: An Anthropological Answer to a Religious Riddle,”
Religion in Southern Africa
6, no. 1 (1985) 59–69.

Kimbrough, D. L.
Taking Up Serpents
. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1995. [Also see the book by W. La Barre.]

King, K. L.
Revelation of the Unknowable God
. California Classical Library. Santa Rosa, Calif.: Polebridge Press, 1995.

King, L. W.
A History of Babylon
. New York: F. A. Stokes, 18-?; p. 72 [6th cent.
BCE
bronze serpents are depicted beside the four doors of the temple of Esagila].

Kirk, G. S.
Myth: Its Meaning and Functions in Ancient and Other Cultures
. Sather Classical Lectures 40. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970, and Los Angeles and Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.

Kiss, Z. “Ouroboros,” in
Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae
7.1, pp. 136–37; see the photographs in
LIMC
7.2, Plate 93.

Kitagawa, J. M. “Ainu Myth,” in
Myths and Symbols
, ed. Kitagawa and C. H. Long. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969; pp. 309–23.

Kittel, G.
= gekreuzigt werden: Zur angeblichen antioche-nischen Herkunft des Vierten Evangelisten,”
Zeitschrift für die neutesta-mentliche Wissenschaft
35 (1936) 282–85.

Kittel, R. “Der Schlangenstein im Kidrontal bei Jerusalem,” in
Studien zur Hebräischen Archäologie und Religionsgeschichte
. Leipzig: Druck von A. Edelmann, 1908; pp. 159–88.

Kjeseth, P. “Nehushtan (Num 21, 4–9, 2Kgs 18,4) and Ernst Bloch,”
Dialog
17 (1978) 280–86.

Klímová, D. “Beitrag zur Problematik der Entwicklung der Folkloristischen Motive Schlafkraut und Lebenskraut der Schlangen,” in
Symbolae Biblicae et Mesopotamicae
[Dedicated to F. M. T. de Liagre Böhl], ed. M. A. Beek et al. Leiden: Brill, 1973; pp. 243–52.

Klinger, J. “Bethesda and the Universality of the Logos,”
St. Vladimir’s Theological Quarterly
27 (1983) 169–85.

Klüsener, E., and F. Pfäfflin, eds.
Else Lasker-Schüler 1869–1945
. Marbacher Magazin 71. Marbach am Neckar: Deutsche Schillergesellschaft, 1995.

Koch, J. Chr. “De cultu serpentem apud antiquos,”
Thesaurus Dissertationum
, ed. J. Chr. Martini. Leipzig, 1717; vol. 2, p. 1765.

Koehler, L., and W. Baumgartner. “
,”
The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
, rev. W. Baumgartner and J. J. Stamm, trans. and ed. M. E. J. Richardson. Leiden and New York: Brill, 1995; vol. 2, pp. 692–93.

Koenen, K. “Eherne Schlange und goldenes Kalb: Ein Vergleich der Überlieferungen,”
Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
111 (1999) 353–72.

Koester, H.
History, Culture, and Religion of the Hellenistic Age: Introduction to the New Testament
. New York and Berlin: Walter De Gruyter, 1982; see esp. vol. 1, pp. 182–204.

Koh, S. “An Archaeological Investigation of the Snake Cult in the Southern Levant: The Chalcolithic Period Through the Iron Age.” PhD Dissertation, University of Chicago, 1994.

Koldewey, R.
The Excavations at Babylon
. London: Macmillan, 1914; see esp. p. 45. [Nebuchadnezzar wrote that he placed “mighty figures of serpents” at the “thresholds” of the temple of Nana.]