Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815 (175 page)

66
. Neil Harris,
Humbug: The Art of P. T. Barnum
(Boston, 1973); Karen Halttunen,
Confidence Men and Painted Women: A Study of Middle-Class Culture in America, 1830–1870
(New Haven, 1982).

67
. Kenneth L. Sokoloff and B. Zorina Khan, “The Democratization of Invention During Early Industrialization: Evidence from the United States, 1790–1846,”
Journal of Economic History
, 50 (1990), 363–78.

68
. Neil L. York, “Oliver Evans,”
American National Biography
(New York, 1999), 7: 617–18; Eugene S. Ferguson,
Oliver Evans: Inventive Genius of the American Industrial Revolution
(Greenville, DE, 1980).

69
. Carolyn C. Cooper, “Thomas Blanchard,”
American National Biography
, 2: 939–40.

70
. Jacob Bigelow,
Inaugural Address, Delivered in the Chapel of the University at Cambridge, December 11, 1816
(Boston, 1817), 12, 13, 15, 16–17.

71
. Isaac Kramnick, “Republican Revisionism Revisited,”
AHR
, 87 (1982), 662;
Port Folio
, 3rd Ser., 4 (1810), 571–72.

72
. Charles G. Haines,
Considerations on the Great Western Canal
(Brooklyn, 1818), 11.

73
. Samuel Blodgett,
Economica: A Statistical Manual for the United States of America
(Washington, DC, 1806), 102.

74
. Meyer Reinhold,
Classica Americana: The Greek and Roman Heritage in the United States
(Detroit, 1984), 129, 124.

75
. BR to James Hamilton, 27 June 1810,
Letters of Rush
, 2: 1053. Others too thought that the number of those attending colleges and academies in the United States ought to be limited, “since but few men can, or ever ought to live by their learning.” David Barnes,
A Discourse on Education
(Boston, 1803), 11.

76
. Richard D. Brown,
Knowledge Is Power: The Diffusion of Information in Early America, 1700–1865
(New York, 1989), 212–15; William Bentley,
The Diary of William Bentley, D.D: Pastor of East Church, Salem, Massachusetts
(Gloucester, MA, 1962), 4: 370.

77
. Joyce Appleby,
Inheriting the Revolution: The First Generation of Americans
(Cambridge, MA, 2000), 11, 10.

78
. Appleby,
Inheriting the Revolution
, 126.

79
. Hunt,
As We Were
, 42–43.

80
. Susan Dunn,
Dominion of Memories: Jefferson, Madison and the Decline of Virginia
(New York, 2007), 42.

81
. Avery O. Craven,
Soil Exhaustion as a Factor in the Agricultural History of Virginia and Maryland, 1606–1860
(1926; Gloucester, MA, 1965), 83; Edmund Quincy,
Life of Josiah Quincy of Massachusetts
(Boston, 1867), 354.

82
. Appleby,
Inheriting the Revolution
, 225.

83
. Merle Curti,
The Growth of American Thought
, 3rd ed. (New York, 1964), 245.

84
. TJ to Alexander von Humboldt, 6 Dec. 1813, in L and B, eds.,
Writings of Jefferson
, 14: 22–23; to William H. Crawford, 20 June 1816, in Ford, ed.,
Writings of Jefferson
, 10: 34–35; to Henry Middleton, 8 Jan. 1813, in L and B, eds.,
Writings of Jefferso
n, 13: 203; Robert E. Shalhope, “Thomas Jefferson’s Republicanism and Antebellum Southern Thought,”
Journal of Southern History
, 42 (1976), 542; TJ to JM, 17 Feb. 1826,
Jefferson: Writings
, 1514.

85
. TJ to Lafayette, 4 Nov. 1823, in Ford, ed.,
Writings of Jefferson
, 10: 280.

86
. TJ to Charles Pinckney, 30 Sept. 1820, in L and B, eds.,
Writings of Jefferson
, 15: 280; TJ to John Holmes, 22 April 1820,
Jefferson: Writings
, 1434.

87
. TJ to Lafayette, 26 Dec. 1820, in Ford, ed.,
Writings of Jefferson
, 10: 180.

88
. TJ to J. Correa de Serra, 25 Nov. 1817, in L and B, eds.
Writings of Jefferson
, 15: 157; JM, “Advice to My Country” (1834),
Madison: Writings
, 866; Dunn,
Dominion of Memories
, 26.

89
. TJ, First Inaugural Address, 4 March 1801,
Jefferson: Writings
, 493.