Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations (141 page)

III

85
. C. Pietrangeli,
Il Museo Napoleonico
(Rome, 1950).
86
. Woolf, ‘Rationalisation’.
87
. Charles Petrie,
The Spanish Royal House
(London, 1958); J. H. Shennan,
The Bourbons: History of a Dynasty
(London, 2007). See also
www.casareal.es/casareal
and
www.borbonparma.org
.
88
. Dante,
Inferno
, canto XIII, ll. 58–60.
89
. D. Facaros and M. Pauls,
Tuscany, Umbria & the Marches
, Cadogan guides (London, 1990), pp. 212–13;
http://www.san-miniato.com
(2010).
90
.
http://jobili.com/festival/white_truffle_festival_in_san_miniato_12438
(2011).
91
.
http://www.ristorantedegliaffidati.it
(2011).
92
. Machiavelli,
The Prince
, ch. 25.
93
. Dante,
Inferno
, canto VII, ll. 82–4.

CHAPTER 11. ROSENAU

Bibliographical Note
. There is no single monograph in English which covers the whole of this chapter’s subject. The ancestry and life of Albert, the prince consort, have generated a huge literature. Leading biographies include Theodore Martin,
The Life of HRH the Prince Consort
, 5 vols. (London, 1875–80); Daphne Bennett,
King without a Crown
(London, 1977); David Duff,
Albert and Victoria
(London, 1977); Robert Rhodes James,
Albert, Prince Consort
(London, 1983); and Stanley Weintraub,
Albert: Uncrowned King
(London, 1998). The history of the British royal family after Albert’s death has also attracted much attention. Relevant works include Sidney Lee,
Queen Victoria: A Biography
(London, 1902); John Van der Kiste and Bee Jordaan,
Dearest Affie: Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh
(Stroud, 1984); Lance Salway,
Queen Victoria’s Grandchildren
(London, 1991), and E. J. Feuchtwanger,
Albert and Victoria: The Rise and Fall of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
(London, 2006). Interest in the royal family’s German duchy, however, falls off sharply during the First World War. There is no account of the duchy’s final years, and no biography of the last duke. Studies of the politics and administration history of the duchy are only available in German.

I

1
.
www.coburg-tourist.com
(2008).
2
.
http://english.gotha.de
(2008).
3
. See entry ‘Rosenau’ in
Encyclopaedia Britannica
, 11th edn. (1911).
4
.
www.schloesser.bayern.de/englisch/palace/objects/co-rosen.htm
(2008).
5
. Stephen Calloway, in
Antiques
(8 Jan. 1994).
6
.
www.sgvcoburg.de
.
7
. ‘Bayern Tourismus’,
http://www.bavaria.by/en/in-2011-coburg-commemorates-one-of-its-famous-inhabitants.html
(2011).

II

8
. Charles Young,
The Early Years of the Prince Consort
, compiled for and annotated by Queen Victoria (London, 1867), pp. 22–3.
9
. Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Germany), civil and state flag:
www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/de-sg%5ed.html
#1897.
10
.
Coburgischen Taschenbuch, 1821
, quoted by Calloway in
Antiques
.
11
. Calloway, ibid.
12
.
The Early Years
, pp. 85–8. The description is annotated by Queen Victoria: ‘The peaceful beauty of the scene is, perhaps, still more striking by moonlight.’
13
. Bennett,
King without a Crown
, p. 18.
14
. Pauline Adelaide Panam,
Memoirs of a Young Greek Lady, Madame Pauline Adelaide Alexandre Panam … versus the reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg
(London, 1823).
15
. See Elizabeth Scheeben,
Ernst II: Herzog von Saxe-Coburg und Gotha
(Frankfurt, 1987).
16
. Bennett,
King without a Crown
, p. 18.
17
. Baron von Mayern; story discounted by Feuchtwanger,
Albert and Victoria
, p. 30.
18
. Richard Sotnick,
The Coburg Conspiracy: Royal Plots and Manoeuvres
(London, 2010)
19
. On Victoria’s disputed ancestry, see D. M. and W. Potts,
Queen Victoria’s Gene
(Stroud, 1995).
20
. Notably the FitzClarences; see Roger Fulford,
Royal Dukes: The Father and Uncles of Queen Victoria
(London, 2000).
21
. John C. G. Röhl, Martin Warren and David Hunt,
Purple Secret: Genes
,
Madness and the Royal Houses of Europe
(London, 1998).
22
. Quoted by Feuchtwanger,
Albert and Victoria
, p. 39.
23
. Young,
The Early Years of the Prince Consort
, pp. 239–41, 422–3
24
. Ibid., pp. 197–205.
25
. Ibid., p. 453.
26
. Ibid., p. 447.
27
. See UKTV History,
Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
(2010), a documentary film by Griffin Nary, parts 1–3, including interviews with Stanley Weintraub, Theo Arnson and Monica Charlot.
28
.
Almanach de Gotha
, 60th edn. (Gotha, 1823), pp. 1–3.
29
. Ibid., pp. 20–21.
30
. Bennett,
King without a Crown
, p. 133.
31
. ‘Queen Victoria’s Census Return’ (1851),
www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/museum/item.asp?item-id=35
(2011).
32
.
Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
, film, parts 4–6.
33
. ‘Saxe-Coburg-Gotha’ in
Encyclopaedia Britannica.
34
. Ibid.
35
. Karl Marx,
Critique of the Gotha Programme
(1875).
36
.
http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/gotha+bomber
(2008). During the Second World War a prototype ‘Gotha jet fighter’ was developed, first as the Ho-IX, then as the Go229: see
www.aviastar.org/air/german/horten_ho-9.php
(2008).
37
. Dulcie M. Ashdown,
Victoria and the Coburgs
(London, 1981), p. 174.
38
. Van der Kiste and Jordaan,
Dearest Affie
.
39
.
New York Times
(1 Aug. 1900).
40
. Ibid. (8 June 1899).
41
. Charlotte Zeepvat,
Prince Leopold: The Untold Story of Queen Victoria’s Youngest Son
(Stroud, 1998).
42
. Ashdown,
Victoria and the Coburgs
, p. 178.
43
.
New York Times
(20 July 1905).
44
. Quoted by Ashdown,
Victoria and the Coburgs
, p. 186.
45
. Robin Lumsden,
Medals and Awards of the Third Reich
(Shrewsbury, 2001).
46
. Ashdown,
Victoria and the Coburgs
, pp. 191–2.
47
. Theo Aronson,
Princess Alice: Countess of Athlone
(London, 1998).
48
. Michael Thornton, ‘The Nazi Relative that the Royals Disowned’,
Mail on Sunday/
Mail Online (1 Dec. 2007).
49
. Victoria Huntington-Whitely, in the Channel 4 documentary
Hitler’s Favourite Royal
, 2 June 2008.
50
. Ibid.

III

51
.
http://www.facebook.com/pages/prince-andreas-of-saxe-coburg/136732246347101?sk=wrki
(2011).
52
. Royal News of 2009, I,
www.angelfire.com/realm/gotha/news/2009_1.htm
(2010).
53
.
www.fact-archive.com/encylopedia/simeo_ii_of_bulgaria
(2008); see also John D. Bell,
Bulgaria in Transition
(Westview, conn., 1998).
54
. ‘The Belgian Royal Family’,
http://www.monarchie.be/en
(2011).
55
. Mountbatten-Windsors, see Ben Pimlott,
The Queen: A Biography of Elizabeth II
(London, 1996).
56
. E. Tauerschmidt,
Prince Albert’s Ancestry
(London, 1840).
57
. Dulcie M. Ashdown,
The Royal Line of Succession: The British Monarchy from Egbert AD802 to Queen Elizabeth II
(Andover, 1992).
58
. To her divorce lawyer, Anthony Julius; see Sally Bedell Smith,
Diana
:
The Life of a Troubled Princess
(London, 2007).

CHAPTER 12. TSERNAGORA

Bibliographical Note
. Surprisingly enough, the history of Montenegro has been well served by English-language historians, although the short-lived Montenegrin Kingdom is inevitably treated as a passing episode. The most up-to-date works are: Elizabeth Roberts,
Realm of the Black Mountain: A History of Montenegro
(London, 2007), and Kenneth Morrison,
Montenegro: A Modern History
(London, 2009). It is well worth dipping into some of the older books to sample the period flavour. See, for example, R. Wyon and G. Prance,
Land of the Black Mountain
(London, 1903), or Mary Edith Durham,
Through the Lands of the Serb
(London, 1904). H. W. V. Temperley’s chapter ‘Montenegro and her Share in Serbian National Development’, in his
History of Serbia
(London, 1917), gives a distinctly pro-Serb slant, while the Handbook No. 19,
Montenegro
, issued by the Historical Section of the British Foreign Office in 1919, is informative both about the country’s past and about the attitudes of the Great Powers. A monograph by Srdja Pavlovic,
Balkan Anschluss: The Annexation of Montenegro and the Creation of the South Slav State
(West Lafayette, Ind., 2008) was not available when the present study was being prepared.

I

1
.
http://un.org/members/list.shtml
(2008).
2
.
http://montenegro.embassyhomepage.com
(2008).
3
.
www.visit-montenegro.com/tourism-mcc.htm
(2008).
4
.
http://www.summitpost.org/durmitor/152176
(2011).
5
. Claire Wrathall, ‘A Star Reborn’,
Financial Times
(4–5 June 2011);
http://www.amanresorts.com
.
6
.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/podgorica
(2008).
7
.
http://en.wikipedia.org.wiki/cetinje
(2008).
8
. BBC News, 14 November 2002; Steve Hanke, ‘Inflation Nation’,
Wall Street Journal
(24 May 2006).
9
.
http://media.transparency.org/news_room/in_focus/2008/cpi2008
(2008); Russia weighed in at 147th, and Belarus at 151st. Denmark is top, Somalia bottom.
10
. ‘Controversy over Montenegrin ethnic identity’,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/montenegrins
.
11
. ‘Montenegro’s Referendum’,
www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm?=4144
(2006).
12
. Radio Free Europe, 17 October 2008.
13
.
www.earthconservation.net/dam-effect-on-environment.html
(2011).
14
.
http://www.eupolitics.einnews.com/news/eu-enlargement-montenegro
(2011).
15
. As seen on CNN and on the BBC World Service.