The Discovery of France (59 page)

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Quentin Durward
: Warrell, 18-19.

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Scott’s descriptions: Stendhal, 282.

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‘buttoned-up clergymen’: Hallays, VIII, 85.

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J. M. W. Turner: Warrell, 115.

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‘The peasantry were still busy’: Longfellow, 94–6.

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Calais . . . bilingual: Lavallée, IV, ‘Pas-de-Calais’, 25.

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population of Tours: Holdsworth; Orlov, I, 64.

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‘In 1793, he was able’: Balzac, IX, 643.

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‘If this destruction continues’: Peuchet, ‘Gers’, 1.

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‘one can hardly put’: Pigault-Lebrun, 39.

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‘This is not a voyage of discoveries’: Nodier, ‘Ancienne Normandie’, 5.

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Between 1834 and 1852: Mérimée (1835, 1836, 1838 and 1840); Raitt, 139–46.

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appraising the beauties: Mérimée (1941–64), I, 327.

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bridge at Avignon, etc.: Raitt, 154.

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‘They no longer suit’: Thérond, 31.

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‘The Highways and Bridges’: Mérimée (1852).

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‘We left Versailles’: Bader, 9.

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‘There is a very bad smell’: Genlis, 49–50.

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‘If poor lodging’: Courtin, 202–3.

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the ‘inn’ . . . a farmhouse: e.g. Bailly, 7.

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‘typical mountain people’: Richard and Lheureux, 23.

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list of hotels: Richard and Lheureux, 103–4 and 136.

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‘Beauty won the day’: Depping (1813), 277–8.

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innkeeper’s duties:
Les Misérables
, II, 3, 2 and 9; also Dumas (1863–84), VII, 106–7.

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‘Fail not to take a piece of soap’: Murray, xxix.

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killed four hundred and eighty: Cradock, 260.

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‘I turned it, dish and all’: Thicknesse, II, 106–8.

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‘‘the Temple of Cloacina’: Smollett, letter 12.

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‘Don’t worry, sir’: Depping (1813), 261–2.

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1828 guide to Paris: Audin, 61, 191 and 206; cf. Hughes, 158.

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‘
Ici
on
est
bien
’: Karr, 232–5.

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‘Slice a pigeon’: Haan, 127.

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‘
Naps! Naps!
’: Perbosc, 281.

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young men from Saint-Brieuc: Sébillot (1886), 327–8.

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‘charcuterie composed’:
Grand
Dictionnaire
universel
.

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manual of rural architecture: Saint-Félix, 26.

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smashed with a hammer: Lefebvre d’Hellancourt, 9–10.

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fact-finding mission: Anon. (1844).

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wolf . . . repulsive: Crignelle, 278; Weld (1869), 208.

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fox a delicacy: Restif, 215.

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Red squirrels . . . were eaten: Saint-Amans (1812), 15; Weld (1869), 212–13.

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marmots . . . flesh: Saussure, II, 153; Montémont, I, 137; Windham and Martel (1879), 58.

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‘when a bear has been killed’: Dagalier, 208.

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a diet of
gaudes
: Proudhon, 26.

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‘
pensions alimentaires
’: Gutton, 64–75; R.-J. Bernard; Thuillier (1965).

297 gorged himself on peaches: Perdiguier (1854), 62–3.

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three million beehives: Girard.

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a quince crystallized: Barron,
Garonne
, 296; Marmontel, 50.

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Victor of the Aveyron: Itard.

298 Memmie: La Condamine.

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specialities of each region: e.g. MacCarthy; for an earlier example, Reichard (‘carte gastronomique’).

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connoisseur of French wines: Planhol, 231–2.

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‘A nutritional tour of Paris’: Barberet, VI, 166.

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‘Since no one knew’: Guillaumin, 250.

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trip to Roscoff: Dumas (1878), 116–26.

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‘The English onion’: Dumas (1878), 1059.

15. P
OSTCARDS OF THE
N
ATIVES

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‘Around the World in 80 Days’: Anon. (1869).

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Mont Cenis tunnel: Chérot, 323; Saint-Martin.

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‘thirty-three cigars from Marseille’: Merson, 210.

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Boulevard des Italiens: Achard (1869), 86.

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a third-class carriage: Anon. (1842), 96.

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From Paris to Nice
: Gauthier de Clagny, 2.

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‘six weeks of constant railway-travel’: James, 250; on railway manners: Siebecker, 119–21.

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drained of traffic by the railways: L. Bonnard, 135; Cavaillès, 225 and 276–7; Marmier, 2;
MP
, 1854, p. 21; Lenthéric, 291; Murray, 505; Weber, 210 and 218.

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‘we reach the point’: Ogier, 19; see also Demolière; Mazade.

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illuminated kilometre markers: Saint-Martin, 393–4.

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on the track itself: Égron (1837), 223.

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faces in the carriage windows: Guillaumin, 268.

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planted explosives: Weld (1850), 268.

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The navvies: e.g. Le Play, 104.

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old town gates: e.g. Poitiers: Favreau.

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The official hour: Arago (1864); Nordling; Thuillier (1977), 206; time differences: e.g. Anon. (1792), 115; Miller, 26–7; older means of telling the time: S. Papon, 95; Davis, 19.

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Berthouville: Corbin (1994), 113.

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names of some ancient
pays
: Soudière, 70–72.

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Tremblevif: Reclus (1886), 133.

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Merdogne: Reclus (1886), 32;
MP
, 1903, p. 491; Conseil d’État, 3 Feb. 2003, no. 240630.

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Politics has arrived: Agulhon; Berenson, 127–36

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photographs of political leaders: Berenson, 131 and 149.

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supernatural powers: Hazareesingh,
Legend
.

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especially in the south-east: Judt.

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dynastic rulers: Audiganne, II, 223 (Villeneuvette); P. Jones (1988), 255; Singer, 40; Weber, 539.

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Labiche defined the
maire
: Laudet, 152; also Hamerton, 58.

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the ‘heartless science’: Baudelaire (1973), I, 579.

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In the Corrèze: Vuillier, 507.

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In Nîmes: Audiganne, II, 165–68; Moch, 105–06; É. de La Bédollière, in
Les Français
,
Province
, II, 54–6.

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level crossing: Home, ch. 1.

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runs the post office: Viard’s list (1843) shows that 1,092 of the 1,938 post office directors were women, though only one was director in a departmental
chef-lieu
.

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‘the land of
bouillabaisse
’: Zola, I, 96.

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provincial museums: Babeau (1884), II, 338; Chennevie`res; Georgel, 109; E. Pommier in Nora.

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collections of folk songs: Thiesse (2001).

307 ‘folkloric costume’: Williams, 483.

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George Sand sponsored: especially correspondence with Charles Poncy.

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‘an instinctive antipathy’: Brochet, 43.

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Barèges: Bar; Dusaulx, I, 206–8; Leclercq, 23; Saint-Amans (1789), 122.

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‘which nothing but the hope’: Murray, 230.

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Bagnères-de-Bigorre: Dagalier, 214.

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Aulus-les-Bains: Labroue, 164.

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a typical spa town: Anon. (1867); Frieh-Vurpas; Maupassant (1887); Monnet.

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‘The water possesses’: from the fountain at Saint-Martin-Vésubie.

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silent procession: e.g. J. Girardin; Taine (1858): on Eaux-Bonnes.

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gravestones of
curistes
: J. Girardin.

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Aix-les-Bains: Fortis, I, 80–85; Frieh-Vurpas, 11 and 28.

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‘There is a continual mêlée’: Speleus, xv.

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the sea: Corbin (1988); Garner, 80.

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arrival of mass tourism: Corbin (1988); Brittany: Céard; Warenghem; Dieppe: Perrot, 302; Royan:
MP
, 1891, p. 252.

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new plants and flowers: Blanchet, 61–4.

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Conty’s guide: Conty (1889).

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Bourgeois families: Garner, 109, 113, 140.

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wreckers parading lanterns: e.g. Mangin, 13.

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‘her cretinous, contracted mouth’: Flaubert, 111.

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Arcachon Basin: Garner, 68–70.

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‘We questioned those noble debris’: Garner, 97–8 (and translation).

313‘curious and gripping spectacle’: Corbin (1988), 235 (quoting Émile Souvestre) and 245.

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‘So you lost your husband’: Huard.

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‘Just imagine the spectacle’: Conty (1889), 342.

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picture postcards: Garner, 176.

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wear shoes in public: Duplessis, 321.

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‘roomy trousers’: Garner, 109.

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Biarritz was a fishing village: e.g. Russell, 1–15.

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a
cacolet
: Doussault, 98; Lagarde, 74–8; Longfellow, 163.

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‘My only fear’: V. Hugo, ‘Voyages’, p. 775.

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‘his somewhat withered mouth’: Montémont, I, 57–8.

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young gypsy girl: Gratiot, 16–17.

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At Pont-Aven: Champney, ch. 16.

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at Boulogne-sur-Mer: Garner, 107.

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‘immense, enchanted aquarium’: M. Proust, II, 41.

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rustic antiques: Conty (1889), 27.

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snatched the flowers away: Blackburn (1881), 35.

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‘You see tiny little girls’: Taine (1858), 133.

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Neanderthal types: Roujou (1872 and 1876).

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cemetery in the Aveyron: Durand, 421.

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‘anthropometrical research’: Fauvelle, 958.

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‘more Negroes than Frenchmen’: Broca (1879), 6.

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the vanquished Gauls: Marchangy; Thierry, I, v; Thiesse (2001).

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a ‘pure’ Frenchman: e.g. Broca (1859–60); Lagneau (1859–60, 1861 and 1867).

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a prehistoric relic: e.g. Edwards, 39–41; Lagneau (1867); Roujou; Thierry, I, lxx.

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Pierre Broca based his conclusions: Broca (1862), 580–82.

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‘ignorant and backward’ village (in Guipuscoa): Broca (1862), 580.

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‘M. Broca is far from concluding’: Broca (1862), 588.

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counting systems: Landrin.

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a practice that was common: Bonald, 259; F. Delisle; Gélis; Guérin; Lagneau (1861), 337 and 361; Lunier (1852 and 1866).

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local styles . . . disappearing: Babeau (1883), 44; Lavallée, III, ‘Marne’, 45; ‘Moselle’, 27; Masson de Saint-Amand, 2; Orlov, I, 309; S. Papon, 101; Peuchet, ‘Creuse’, 35; Piédagnel, 192–3.

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‘no more national costumes’: Mérimée (1941–64), I, 332.

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Brittany was still a patchwork: e.g. Quellien and V. Segalen, 95 (the Bigouden
pays
).

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dresses and shirts: Hélias, 277; Martin and Martenot, 491–2.

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round hats of the Bretons: Planhol, 297 and 311.

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glazig
style: Planhol, 302.

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women of Arles: Weber, 231.

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butterfly bows of Alsace: Planhol, 310.

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Regional costumes were exhibited:
Exposition universelle
, 460–70.

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Museum of Ethnography: Hamy; Thiesse (2001), 197–207; also Quimper: Watteville Du Grabe; Anon. (1886).

320 Montagne Noire: Thiesse (2001).

16. L
OST
P
ROVINCES

322extraordinary efforts: Blondel; on M. Blondel: G. Turquer and D. Raillot: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/dieppe76/personnages.html 324 ‘The fatherland is not your village’: Weber, 108.

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‘The defeats at Poitiers’: Lavisse (1888), 315.

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‘Little inhabitants of the forests’: Lavisse (1907), 35.

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eve of the First World War: Weber, 110.

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result of conscription: Forrest, 44–50. Sample letters: 119–20.

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nasty sense of humour: Guillaumin, 205.

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read out on the doorstep: Dondel, 177.

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kept out of school: Strumingher, 134–6.

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pedagogical army: see Gildea.

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the
signum
: Baris, 45–6; Serbois, 214.

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Latin instead of French: Sigart, 25.

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‘like half-empty boxes’: Hélias, 339.

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Bécassine . . . Breton language: M.-A. Couderc, 10.

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think of themselves as French: Planhol, 324.

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‘Breton-speaking Bretons’: Hélias, 341.

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regional pride . . . patriotism: Thiesse (1997).

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Tactful decentralization: Hazareesingh (1998).

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ability to speak both languages: Baris, 47 and 65.

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to pass examinations: Hélias, 148.

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ban the use of Breton: Press, in Parry. The signs in buses that forbade spitting and speaking Breton are a myth: Broudic.

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losing the rhymes: Rousselot, 223.

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‘The patois of Montjean’: Dottin.

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‘You are about to ask me’: Tastu (1846), 23.

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tales of infant tourists: e.g. Consul; Delattre (1846); Desarènes; Labesse.

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Three Months Under the Snow
: Porchat, 6.

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‘true Frenchmen’: Briand, i.

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usual image of Corsicans: e.g. Forester; Lemps; Liodet.

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‘The people who entered the inn’: Bruno, 165–6.