Dancing in the Streets (34 page)
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Authors: Barbara Ehrenreich
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I can't possibly thank all the people who helped with this book, for the simple reason that a hurricane destroyed my original list of people to acknowledge, along with many precious books and files. So, with apologies to anyone omitted, I thank Matthew Bartowiak, Lalitha Chandrasekher, Alison Pugh, Hank Sims, and Mitchell Verter for their enthusiastic research assistance. Heather Blurton and Lauriallen Reitzammer also made valuable contributions.
A number of scholars and journalists graciously responded to my diverse and urgent questions, including Peter Brown, Peter Brooks, Reginald Butler, Michael Cook, E. J. Gorn, Allen Guttman, Edward Hagen, Arlie Hochschild, Riva Hocherman, Ann Killian, Marcel Kinsbourne, Simon Kuper, Peter Manuel, Jack Santino, James Scott, Laura Slatkin, Ellen Schattschneider, Wolfgang Schivelbusch, Katherine Stern, Ann Stolar, Michael Taussig, and Daniel Wann. I am especially indebted to Elizabeth Thompson for background on Arabian history and her translations from the Arabic.
Among the people who were kind enough to comment on drafts of chapters are Diane Alexander, Darren Cushman Wood, Ben Ehrenreich, Edward Hagen, and William H. McNeill. The latter's book
Keeping Together in Time
had helped convince me that the subject was worth pursuing in the first place.
Keeping Together in Time
had helped convince me that the subject was worth pursuing in the first place.
Janet McIntosh's role in this project is impossible to categorize or express sufficient gratitude for. She began, while still a graduate student, as my research assistant, though
teacher
would be a better word, since her job
was to send me stacks of readings that we would then discuss. There is very little in this book that she did not have something to say about, and I hope some of her brilliance and knowledge shines through.
teacher
would be a better word, since her job
was to send me stacks of readings that we would then discuss. There is very little in this book that she did not have something to say about, and I hope some of her brilliance and knowledge shines through.
At Metropolitan Books, my longtime editor Sara Bershtel brought her usual vast erudition and razor-sharp logic to the task. I am also grateful to my copy editor, Vicki Haire, whose diligent fact-checking has no doubt saved me from much embarrassment. Finally, I thank all the people in the printing industry who are responsible for turning a manuscript into an actual book.
The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages of your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
Abo, Klevor
Aboriginal rituals
Abraham, Roger D.
Abyssinia
Achilles
Africa:
agriculture and agrarian societies
Albert, Michael
Allen, Frederick Lewis
Anabaptists, German
Anatomy of Melancholy, The
(Burton)
Ancient Mystery Cults
(Burkert)
Anderson, Benedict
Anglicism
animal sacrifice
Anlo-Ewe people, Hogbetsotso festival of the
anomie
antiglobalization demonstrations
Anti-Rock: The Opposition to Rock 'n Roll
(Martin and Segrave)
anxiety
Anzalone, Edward
Apollo
Apuleius
archaic roots of ecstatic rituals
Aristides Quintilianus
aristocracy, see upper class
armies, disciplining of
Armstrong, Karen
art:
Attis
audiences:
Australian Aboriginals
Australian corroborree
autosuggestibility
Azande people of Africa
Aboriginal rituals
Abraham, Roger D.
Abyssinia
Achilles
Africa:
charismatic Christian cults in
European imperialism in
Independent Churches in
music of
African Americans:European imperialism in
Independent Churches in
music of
mocking rituals of slaves
musical contributions of
“stepping,”
transplanted ecstatic rituals of
afterlife, promise ofmusical contributions of
“stepping,”
transplanted ecstatic rituals of
agriculture and agrarian societies
Albert, Michael
Allen, Frederick Lewis
Anabaptists, German
Anatomy of Melancholy, The
(Burton)
Ancient Mystery Cults
(Burkert)
Anderson, Benedict
Anglicism
animal sacrifice
Anlo-Ewe people, Hogbetsotso festival of the
anomie
antiglobalization demonstrations
Anti-Rock: The Opposition to Rock 'n Roll
(Martin and Segrave)
anxiety
Anzalone, Edward
Apollo
Apuleius
archaic roots of ecstatic rituals
Aristides Quintilianus
aristocracy, see upper class
armies, disciplining of
Armstrong, Karen
art:
as cure for melancholy
dance and ecstatic rituals depicted in
Greek art
prehistoric
vase art
Artemisdance and ecstatic rituals depicted in
Greek art
prehistoric
vase art
Attis
audiences:
crowds compared to
for fascist spectacles
rock rebellion and
at sporting events
Augustus, emperorfor fascist spectacles
rock rebellion and
at sporting events
Australian Aboriginals
Australian corroborree
autosuggestibility
Azande people of Africa
Bacchae, The
Bacchus,
see
Dionysus (Bacchus)
Backman, E. Louis
Bakhtin, Mikhail
ballet
ballroom dancing
baptism
Ba-Ronga people of southern Mozambique
baseball
Basileios
Basle Bible Society
Bastille, commemoration of storming of the
Baudelaire, Charles
Beard, Mary
Beatles, the
Beatrice, Donna
Bechuana ceremonies
Beguines
Bell, Daniel
Bellah, Robert
Bellingshausen, Baron Thaddeus
Bellos, Alex
Berlin Love parade
Bernays, Martha
“Big Dawg” (sports fan)
Bill Haley and the Comets
Blatchford, Robert
Blood Rites: Ongins and History of the Passions of War
(Ehrenreich)
Bonaparte, Napoleon
Boswell, James
Botero, Giovanni
Boukman, Samba
Bourguignon, Erika
Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community
(Putnam)
Brazil
Broadbent, S.
Brown, Pastor David L.
Brown, John
Browne, Richard
Bunyan, John
Burkert, Walter
Burleigh, Michael
Burning Man event, annual
Burton, Robert
Bacchus,
see
Dionysus (Bacchus)
Backman, E. Louis
Bakhtin, Mikhail
ballet
ballroom dancing
baptism
Ba-Ronga people of southern Mozambique
baseball
Basileios
Basle Bible Society
Bastille, commemoration of storming of the
Baudelaire, Charles
Beard, Mary
Beatles, the
Beatrice, Donna
Bechuana ceremonies
Beguines
Bell, Daniel
Bellah, Robert
Bellingshausen, Baron Thaddeus
Bellos, Alex
Berlin Love parade
Bernays, Martha
“Big Dawg” (sports fan)
Bill Haley and the Comets
Blatchford, Robert
Blood Rites: Ongins and History of the Passions of War
(Ehrenreich)
Bonaparte, Napoleon
Boswell, James
Botero, Giovanni
Boukman, Samba
Bourguignon, Erika
Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community
(Putnam)
Brazil
Candomblé
sports in
Bright, Timothiesports in
Broadbent, S.
Brown, Pastor David L.
Brown, John
Browne, Richard
Bunyan, John
Burkert, Walter
Burleigh, Michael
Burning Man event, annual
Burton, Robert
Caitanya
Calasso, Roberto
Calvinism
Canaanite gods
Candomblé
capitalism
Carlyle, Thomas
carnaval
, Brazilian
carnival
Carvalho, Jayme de
Cashmore, Ernest
Castiglione, Baldesar
Catholic Church
Chambers, E. K.
Charles, Ray
Chaucer, Geoffrey
Cheeseman, Evelyn
Cheyne, Dr. George
China
Christianity
Chrysostom, John, archbishop of Constantinople
Civilization and Its Discontents
(Freud)
civil rights movement
classical music
Cleaver, Eldridge
Clement of Alexandria
Clinton, Hillary and Bill
Cocker, Mark
cohesiveness and unity, ecstatic rituals as source of
Coleridge, Samuel
collective effervescence
colonialism, European,
see
imperialism, European
Comaroff, Jean
communism
communitarianism
communitas
Confucianism
Conrad, Joseph
consumer culture
Cook, Captain
Corpus Christi feasts
costuming
Council of Constantinople
Council of Rome (ninth century)
Counter-Reformation
Cowper, William
Crapanzano, Vincent
Cromwell, Oliver
crossbow
cross-dressing
Crowd, The
(Le Bon)
crowd behavior
Cumont, Franz
Cuvier, Georges
Cybele, the Great Mother
Calasso, Roberto
Calvinism
attitude toward festivities
capitalism and
military discipline and
religious melancholy and
work ethic and
Campbell, Josephcapitalism and
military discipline and
religious melancholy and
work ethic and
Canaanite gods
Candomblé
capitalism
Carlyle, Thomas
carnaval
, Brazilian
carnival
African diaspora and black
as dangerous
epidemic of melancholy and death of
firearms and
French Revolutionary leaderships' view of
mocking of the powerful at
modern forms of
origins of
political edge to
protest demonstrations and
reason for expansion of festivities in the Middle Ages
repression and Reformation ending
safety-valve interpretation of
sporting events as
withdrawal of the upper class from
Carter, Elizabethas dangerous
epidemic of melancholy and death of
firearms and
French Revolutionary leaderships' view of
mocking of the powerful at
modern forms of
origins of
political edge to
protest demonstrations and
reason for expansion of festivities in the Middle Ages
repression and Reformation ending
safety-valve interpretation of
sporting events as
withdrawal of the upper class from
Carvalho, Jayme de
Cashmore, Ernest
Castiglione, Baldesar
Catholic Church
carnival and
changes in the Middle Ages
communion
confession
Counter-Reformation
dancing within medieval churches
ecclesiastical dramas
indulgences
the Inquisition
medieval mass spectacles
missionaries and imperialism, see imperialism, European
profligacy of
Catholic Church (
con'd
)
purging churches of ecstatic behavior
Sufism compared to Catholicism
war on dance
see also
Christianity; Protestantism
Celsuschanges in the Middle Ages
communion
confession
Counter-Reformation
dancing within medieval churches
ecclesiastical dramas
indulgences
the Inquisition
medieval mass spectacles
missionaries and imperialism, see imperialism, European
profligacy of
Catholic Church (
con'd
)
purging churches of ecstatic behavior
Sufism compared to Catholicism
war on dance
see also
Christianity; Protestantism
Chambers, E. K.
Charles, Ray
Chaucer, Geoffrey
Cheeseman, Evelyn
Cheyne, Dr. George
China
Christianity
appeal to women and the poor
carnival as outlet for ecstatic behavior,
see
carnival
Catholic Church,
see
Catholic Church
collapse of paganism and
ecstatic
head-covering rule
incompatibility of ecstatic religions and
medieval, carnival and, see carnival
missionaries and imperialism, see imperialism, European
Protestantism,
see
Protestantism
sense of lasting community and survival of
socialistic nature of early church
speaking in tongues
see also
Jesus
Christmascarnival as outlet for ecstatic behavior,
see
carnival
Catholic Church,
see
Catholic Church
collapse of paganism and
ecstatic
head-covering rule
incompatibility of ecstatic religions and
medieval, carnival and, see carnival
missionaries and imperialism, see imperialism, European
Protestantism,
see
Protestantism
sense of lasting community and survival of
socialistic nature of early church
speaking in tongues
see also
Jesus
Chrysostom, John, archbishop of Constantinople
Civilization and Its Discontents
(Freud)
civil rights movement
classical music
Cleaver, Eldridge
Clement of Alexandria
Clinton, Hillary and Bill
Cocker, Mark
cohesiveness and unity, ecstatic rituals as source of
Coleridge, Samuel
collective effervescence
colonialism, European,
see
imperialism, European
Comaroff, Jean
communism
communitarianism
communitas
Confucianism
Conrad, Joseph
consumer culture
Cook, Captain
Corpus Christi feasts
costuming
in French Revolutionary festivals
military spectacle and
in prehistoric art
at protest demonstrations
rock festivals and
at sporting events
Council of Basilmilitary spectacle and
in prehistoric art
at protest demonstrations
rock festivals and
at sporting events
Council of Constantinople
Council of Rome (ninth century)
Counter-Reformation
Cowper, William
Crapanzano, Vincent
Cromwell, Oliver
crossbow
cross-dressing
Crowd, The
(Le Bon)
crowd behavior
audience compared to a crowd
in the French Revolution
intellectuals' view of, postfascist
at sporting events
Cubain the French Revolution
intellectuals' view of, postfascist
at sporting events
Cumont, Franz
Cuvier, Georges
Cybele, the Great Mother
Darkness Visible
(Styron)
Darnton, Robert
Darwin, Charles
Davenport, Morgan
Davis, Natalie Zemon
Day of the Innocents
Debord, Guy
“Decline of the Choral Dance, The,”
defense against predators, group
Delphic oracle
Delumeau, Jean
Demeter
depersonalization disorder
depression,
see
melancholy, epidemic of
Desmoulins, Camille
devil,
see
Satan
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(fourth edition)
DSM-IV
Diddley, Bo
Diodorus
Dionysus (Bacchus)
Donne, John
Doob, Penelope
Dorsey, Thomas A.
“Dream Dance” cult of the Menomini Indians
drills, military
dromedaries, guns, and warfare
drugs
drumming
Dürer, Albrecht
Durkheim, Emile
Duvalier, “Papa Doc,”
Duvignaud, Jean
(Styron)
Darnton, Robert
Darwin, Charles
Davenport, Morgan
Davis, Natalie Zemon
Day of the Innocents
Debord, Guy
“Decline of the Choral Dance, The,”
defense against predators, group
Delphic oracle
Delumeau, Jean
Demeter
depersonalization disorder
depression,
see
melancholy, epidemic of
Desmoulins, Camille
devil,
see
Satan
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(fourth edition)
DSM-IV
Diddley, Bo
Diodorus
Dionysus (Bacchus)
as antiwar god
Corinthian worship of
as democratic god
depiction of
the Jews and
maenads (female cult members) and maenadism
origin of Dionysian rites
parallels between Jesus and
personal salvation and
Roman suppression of ecstatic rituals
spiritual responsibility of
worship of gods resembling
Dodds, E.R.Corinthian worship of
as democratic god
depiction of
the Jews and
maenads (female cult members) and maenadism
origin of Dionysian rites
parallels between Jesus and
personal salvation and
Roman suppression of ecstatic rituals
spiritual responsibility of
worship of gods resembling
Donne, John
Doob, Penelope
Dorsey, Thomas A.
“Dream Dance” cult of the Menomini Indians
drills, military
dromedaries, guns, and warfare
drugs
drumming
in ancient Greece
at sports events
Dunbar, Robinat sports events
Dürer, Albrecht
Durkheim, Emile
Duvalier, “Papa Doc,”
Duvignaud, Jean
Eagleton, Terry
ecstasy, derivation of the word
Ecstatic Religion
(Lewis)
Ecuadorian festivals
Eliade, Mircea
Elias, Norbert
Elizabeth II, Queen, jubilee celebration of
Ellison, Ralph
Engelhardt, Tom
England:
etiquette
Euripides
Evans, Sir Arthur
evolution, the role of ecstatic rituals in
ecstasy, derivation of the word
Ecstatic Religion
(Lewis)
Ecuadorian festivals
Eliade, Mircea
Elias, Norbert
Elizabeth II, Queen, jubilee celebration of
Ellison, Ralph
Engelhardt, Tom
England:
capitalism's rise in
church ales in
epidemic of depression in
firearms at carnivals in
hooliganism among sports fans
imperialist,
see
imperialism, European
military spectacle and
repression of carnival in
rock rebellion in
sports and sports fans in
Epstein, Lesliechurch ales in
epidemic of depression in
firearms at carnivals in
hooliganism among sports fans
imperialist,
see
imperialism, European
military spectacle and
repression of carnival in
rock rebellion in
sports and sports fans in
etiquette
Euripides
Evans, Sir Arthur
evolution, the role of ecstatic rituals in
Faludi, Susan
fascist spectacles
feasts of Corpus Christi
Feld, M.D.
Fenn, Elizabeth
Festival of Federation
Festival of the Supreme Being
festivity
Fielding, Henry
Fiorenza, E. S.
Fisher, Eddie
flagellation
Flechere, Reverend John William de la
football
Franklin, Aretha
Frazer, James
Freeman, Walter J.
Freke, Timothy
French Revolution
Fritschze, Peter
Fronto
Full Witness Apostolic Church of Zion
functionalist view of ecstatic behavior
Furness, Clinton
fascist spectacles
alternate forms of celebration, discouragement of
the audience for
described
forced attendance at
French Revolutionary festivals as prototype for
governance by spectacle
intellectuals' view of crowds and
military parades featured in
Nuremberg congresses,
see
Nuremberg congresses, annual
scripting of
Feast of Foolsthe audience for
described
forced attendance at
French Revolutionary festivals as prototype for
governance by spectacle
intellectuals' view of crowds and
military parades featured in
Nuremberg congresses,
see
Nuremberg congresses, annual
scripting of
feasts of Corpus Christi
Feld, M.D.
Fenn, Elizabeth
Festival of Federation
Festival of the Supreme Being
festivity
epidemic of melancholy and suppression of
European imperialism and
modern civilization and
revival of, possibility of
ritual vs.
secularized,
see
carnival
suppression of traditional, in sixteenth through nineteenth centuries
Ficino, MarsiloEuropean imperialism and
modern civilization and
revival of, possibility of
ritual vs.
secularized,
see
carnival
suppression of traditional, in sixteenth through nineteenth centuries
Fielding, Henry
Fiorenza, E. S.
Fisher, Eddie
flagellation
Flechere, Reverend John William de la
football
feminization of fandom
France:antitax revolt of 1548
epidemic of melancholy in
military spectacle, Napoleonic Wars and
national anthem
nationalism
François-Poncet, Andréepidemic of melancholy in
military spectacle, Napoleonic Wars and
national anthem
nationalism
Franklin, Aretha
Frazer, James
Freeman, Walter J.
Freke, Timothy
French Revolution
crowd behavior and
Festival of Federation
Festival of the Supreme Being
festivals of, as prototype for fascist spectacles
Freud, SigmundFestival of Federation
Festival of the Supreme Being
festivals of, as prototype for fascist spectacles
Fritschze, Peter
Fronto
Full Witness Apostolic Church of Zion
functionalist view of ecstatic behavior
Furness, Clinton
Galileo
Gandy, Peter
Garcia, Jerry
Garfinkel, Yosef
Germany
Gillen, Frank
Gilsenan, Michael
Givant, Michael
Glitter, Gary
glossolalia (tongue-speaking)
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von
Golden Bough, The
(Frazer)
Goodman, Felicitas
Goody, Jack
gospel music
Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners
(Bunyan)
Granet, Marcel
Grateful Dead
Graves, Robert
Gray, Thomas
Great Revival in America
Greece, ancient deities of
(Dodds)
Greenblatt, Stephen
Gregory IX, Pope
Gregory of Nazianzus
Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language
(Dunbar)
groups:
Guttmann, Allen
Gutwirth, Madelyn
Gandy, Peter
Garcia, Jerry
Garfinkel, Yosef
Germany
epidemic of depression in
Luther's Reformation
passion plays in
repression of carnival in
Ghost DanceLuther's Reformation
passion plays in
repression of carnival in
Gillen, Frank
Gilsenan, Michael
Givant, Michael
Glitter, Gary
glossolalia (tongue-speaking)
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von
Golden Bough, The
(Frazer)
Goodman, Felicitas
Goody, Jack
gospel music
Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners
(Bunyan)
Granet, Marcel
Grateful Dead
Graves, Robert
Gray, Thomas
Great Revival in America
Greece, ancient deities of
Dionysius,
see
Dionysus (Bacchus)
drama of
itinerant charismatics in
military preparedness and ecstatic rituals
mystery cults of
religion of
vase art of
Greeks and the Irrational, Thesee
Dionysus (Bacchus)
drama of
itinerant charismatics in
military preparedness and ecstatic rituals
mystery cults of
religion of
vase art of
(Dodds)
Greenblatt, Stephen
Gregory IX, Pope
Gregory of Nazianzus
Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language
(Dunbar)
groups:
defense against predators
evolutionary advantages of forming
hunting in
love among members of
gunsevolutionary advantages of forming
hunting in
love among members of
carnival's demise and
disciplined armies and
nobility's role changed by
Gurevich, Arondisciplined armies and
nobility's role changed by
Guttmann, Allen
Gutwirth, Madelyn
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