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Authors: Barbara Ehrenreich

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8. GUNS AGAINST DRUMS: IMPERIALISM ENCOUNTERS ECSTASY
1
Howarth, p. 162.
2
Davenport, p. 323.
3
Quoted in Harris, p. 55.
4
MacDonald, p. 58.
5
Comaroff, p. 151.
6
Janzen, p. 164.
7
Comaroff, p. 151.
8
Quoted in
The Drums of Winter
(a documentary film by Sarah Elder and Leonard Kamerling), University of Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, Alaska, 1988.
9
Kirby, p. 60.
10
Stoeltje, “Festival,” in Bauman, p. 262.
11
Quoted in Dougherty, p. 60.
12
Quoted in ibid., p. 62.
13
Kirby, p. 61.
14
Quoted in Frey and Wood, p. 25.
15
Quoted in ibid., p. 26.
16
Murphy, p. 118.
17
Quoted in Ward, p. 211.
18
Comaroff, p. 151.
19
Quoted in ibid.
20
Quoted in Oesterley, p. 80.
21
Thorsley, p. 288.
22
Quoted in ibid., p. 289.
23
MacDonald, p. 60.
24
Quoted in Harris, p. 24.
25
Quoted in Comaroff and Comaroff, p. 101.
26
Quoted in Tom Englehardt, “The Cartography of Death,”
Nation
271, no. 12 (October 23, 2000): 25.
27
Quoted in Cocker, p. 136.
28
Englehardt.
29
Cocker, p. 6.
30
Raboteau, pp. 214-15.
31
Quoted in MacRobert, p. 16.
32
Voeks, p. 156; Fenn.
33
Hiney, pp. 212-13.
34
“Most missionaries considered the colonial administration as allies in the essential task of destroying existing [native] structures.” Kirby, p. 61.
35
MacDonald, p. 57.
36
Comaroff, p. 151.
37
Quoted in Ward, p. 210.
38
Quoted in Fenn, p. 127.
39
Quoted in ibid., p. 138.
40
A major source on Trinidadian carnival, which I rely on extensively here, is John Cowley's
Carnival
,
Canboulay and Calypso: Traditions in the Making
.
41
Quoted in ibid., pp. 20—21.
42
Ibid., p. 22.
43
Ibid., p. 21.
44
Quoted in ibid., p. 27.
45
Chasteen.
46
Quoted in Cowley, p. 69.
47
Quoted in ibid., p. 73.
48
Campbell, p. 14.
49
Fenn, pp. 141, 135.
50
Quoted in Cowley, p. 13.
51
Bettelheim.
52
Quoted in Fenn, p. 141.
53
Cowley, pp. 102-4.
54
Quoted in Olmos and Paravisini-Gebert, introduction, p. 7.
55
Métraux, p. 89.
56
Joan Dayan, “Vodoun, or the Voice of the Gods,” in Olmos and Paravisini-Gebert, p. 19.
57
Raboteau, p. 64; Simpson, p. 17.
58
Voeks, p. 38.
59
Omari, p. 148.
60
Quoted in Murphy, p. 47.
61
Ibid.; Laguerre, p. 14.
62
Laguerre, p. 14.
63
Ibid., pp. 63-64.
64
Ward, p. 223.
65
Lanternari, p. 143.
66
Ibid., p. 153.
67
Ibid., p. 251.
68
Ibid., p. 252.
69
See Karen E. Fields,
Revival and Rebellion in Colonial Central Africa
, for an excellent discussion of the anthropological aversion to the “irrational.”
70
Ibid., p. 21.
71
Lanternari, p. 315.
72
Wilson, p. 19.
73
Quoted in Mazlish, p. 90.
74
Quoted in Ozouf, p. 282.
75
Quoted in Walzer, pp. 313-14.
76
Ibid., p. 310.
77
Ward, p. 202.
78
Fields, pp. 140-41.
79
Campbell, p. 7.
80
Laguerre, p. 59.
81
Murphy, p. 47.
82
Mooney, pp. 782-83.
83
Quoted in Juneja, p. 91.
84
Quoted in Cowley, p. 100.
85
Benítez, p. 199.
86
Lewis, p. 116.
87
Comaroff, p. 233.
88
Howarth, p. 124.
89
Ibid., p. 172.
90
Moorehead, pp. 83—85.
91
Cocker, p. 263.
9. FASCIST SPECTACLES
1
Shirer, p. 15.
2
Toland, p. 492.
3
Shirer, p. 18.
4
Ibid., p. 16.
5
François-Poncet, p. 209.
6
Lindholm, p. 156.
7
McNeill,
Keeping Together in Time
, p. 151.
8
S. Alexander Haslam and Stephen D. Reicher, “The Psychology of Tyranny,”
Scientific American Mind
, October 2005: 44.
9
Quoted in Laura Flanders, “Come Together!”
Common Dreams News Center
, April 18, 2002.
10
Dave Martin, quoted by Kevin Connolly, “Dying with Dignity,”
Eye
-
Comedy
, February 24, 2000.
11
Quoted in Martin and Segrave, p. 123.
12
Leslie Epstein, “The Roar of the Crowd,”
The American Prospect
, May 8, 2000,
http://www.prospect.org/web/page.ww?section=root&name=ViewPrint&articleId=4408
.
13
Le Bon, p. 11.
14
Ibid., p. 33.
15
Ibid., p. xvi.
16
Quoted in Turner and Killian, p. 2.
17
Mosse,
Masses and Man
, p. 111.
18
Louis-Sébastien Mercier, quoted in Gutwirth, pp. 243-44.
19
Quoted in Ozouf, p. 22.
20
Quoted in Blum, p. 212.
21
Ozouf, pp. 3.
22
Hibbert, p. 182.
23
Quoted in Gutwirth, p. 308.
24
Ozouf, p. 29.
25
Quoted in ibid., p. 229.
26
Gutwirth, p. 308.
27
Quoted in Hibbert, p. 110.
28
Carlyle, p. 360.
29
Michelet, p. 445.
30
Ibid., p. 448.
31
Ozouf, p. 111.
32
McNeill,
Keeping Together in Time
, p. 134.
33
Ozouf, p. 6.
34
Myerly, p. 142.
35
Ibid., p. 139.
36
Ibid., p. 39.
37
Quoted in ibid., pp. 140-41.
38
Quoted in ibid., p. 140.
39
Quoted in ibid., p. 142.
40
Quoted in ibid., p. 161.
41
Le Bon, p. 112.
42
Ibid., p. 114.
43
Ibid., p. 117.
44
Ibid., p. 113.
45
Lindholm, p. 111.
46
Quoted in Gentile, p. 88.
47
Quoted in Michael Golston, “‘Im Anfang War der Rhythmus': Rhythmic Incubations in Discourses of Mind, Body, and Race from 1850—1944,”
SEHR
, vol. 5, supplement: Cultural and Technological Incubations of Fascism, 1996.
48
Kremer.
49
Burleigh, pp. 262-63.
50
Quoted in Gentile, p. 51.
51
Falasca-Zamponi, p. 104.
52
Gentile, pp. 90-91.
53
Ibid., p. 91.
54
Quoted in ibid., p. 52.
55
Falasca-Zamponi, p. 25.
56
Quoted in Lindholm, p. 112.
57
Quoted in Fritzsche, p. 221.
58
Toland, p. 494.
59
Fritzsche, p. 219.
60
Berezin, p. 89.
61
Quoted in Gentile, p. 88.
62
Quoted in ibid., p. 145.
63
Berezin, p. 85.
64
Gentile, p. 98.
65
Quoted in Schnapp, p. 79.
66
Fritzsche, p. 218.
67
Quoted in ibid., p. 220.
68
“Nazism Punctured: Nuremberg Rallies Turned Inside Out,”
Guardian
, November 6, 2001.
69
“Showing Off for the Party People,”
Financial Times
, November 10, 2001.
70
Peukert, p. 188.

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