Vaccinated (26 page)

Japanese Encephalitis Virus: Plotkin and Orenstein,
Vaccines
.

History of the common cold: Williams,
Virus Hunters
; R. B. Couch, "Rhinoviruses," in
Fields Virology
, ed. D. M. Knipe and P. H. Howley, 4th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001).

Winston Price studies: Williams,
Virus Hunters
; "Text of Dr. Price's Report on Development of Cold Vaccine,"
New York Times
, September 19, 1957; "Vaccine for a Type of Cold Reported Success in Tests,"
New York Times
, September 19, 1957; "New Study Set on Cold Vaccines,"
New YorkTimes
, September 20, 1957; "Vaccine Hailed in City,"
New York Times
, September 20, 1957; D. G. Cooley, "Fighting the Common Cold,"
New York Times
, September 22, 1957; "Visit to a Common Cold Laboratory,"
New York Times
, November 3, 1957.

Hilleman's studies of the common cold: Williams,
Virus Hunters
; V. V. Hamparian, A. Ketler, and M. R. Hilleman, "Recovery of New Viruses (Coryzavirus) from Cases of Common Cold in Human Adults,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
108 (1961): 444–53; C. M. Reilly, S. M. Hoch, J. Stokes Jr., L. McClelland, V. V. Hamparian, A. Ketler, and M. R. Hilleman, "Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Cases of Respiratory Illness Caused by Coryzaviruses,"
Annals of Internal Medicine
57 (1962): 515–25; A. Ketler, V. V. Hamparian, and M. R. Hilleman, "Characterization and Classification of ECHO 28-Rhinvovirus-Coryzavirus Agents,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
110 (1962): 821–31; C. M. Reilly, J. Stokes Jr., V. V. Hamparian, and M. R. Hilleman, "ECHO Virus, Type 25, in Respiratory Illness,"
Journal of Pediatrics
62 (1963): 536–39; V. V. Hamparian, M. R. Hilleman, and A. Ketler, "Contributions to Characterization and Classification of Animal Viruses,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
112 (1963): 1040–50; V. V. Hamparian, A. Ketler, and M. R. Hilleman, "The ECHO 28-Rhinovirus-Coryzavirus (ERC) Group of Viruses,"
American Review of Respiratory Diseases
88 (1963): 269–73; V. V. Hamparian, M. B. Leagus, M. R. Hilleman, and J. Stokes Jr., "Epidemiologic Investigations of Rhinovirus Infections,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
117 (1964): 469–76; V. V. Hamparian, M. B. Leagus, and M. R. Hilleman, "Additional Rhinovirus Serotypes,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
116 (1964): 976–84; C. C. Mascoli, M. B. Leagus, R. E. Weibel, H. Reinhart, and M. R. Hilleman, "Attempt at Immunization by Oral Feeding of Live Rhinovirus in Enteric-Coated Capsules,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
121 (1966): 1264–68; C. C. Mascoli, M. B. Leagus, M. R. Hilleman, R. E. Weibel, and J. Stokes Jr., "Rhinovirus Infection in Nursery and Kindergarten Children: New Rhinovirus Serotype 54,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
124 (1967): 845–50; M. R. Hilleman, C. M. Reilly, J. Stokes Jr., and V. V. Hamparian, "Clinical-Epidemiologic Findings in Coryzavirus Infections,"
American Review of Respiratory Diseases
88 (1963): 274–76; M. R. Hilleman, "Present Knowledge of the Rhinovirus Group of Viruses,"
Ergebnisse der Mikrobiologie Immunitatsforschun und Experimentellen Therapie
41 (1967): 1–22.

The Monster Maker

Stanley Plotkin was interviewed on February 15, 2005; Leonard Hayflick on November 6 and 7, 2006.

Rubella disease: Plotkin and Orenstein,
Vaccines
.

Gregg: N. M. Gregg, "Congenital Cataract Following German Measles in the Mother,"
Transactions of the Ophthalmologic Society of Australia
3 (1941): 35–46; "Sir Norman McAlister Gregg, 1892–1966,"
American Journal of Ophthalmology
63 (1967): 180–81.

Rubella epidemic, 1963–1964: Plotkin and Orenstein,
Vaccines
.

Vietnam war deaths: National Archives: http://www.archives.gov/research/ vietnam-war/casualty-statistics.html.

Hilleman rubella vaccine studies: E. B. Buynak, M. R. Hilleman, R. E. Weibel, and J. Stokes Jr., "Live Attenuated Rubella Virus Vaccines Prepared in Duck Embryo Cell Culture,"
Journal of the American Medical Association
204 (1968): 195–200; R. E. Weibel, J. Stokes Jr., E. B. Buynak, J. E. Whitman, M. B. Leagus, and M. R. Hilleman, "Live Attenuated Rubella Virus Vaccines Prepared in Duck Embryo Cell Culture, II: Clinical Tests in Families in an Institution,"
Journal of the American Medical Association
205 (1968): 554–58; M. R. Hilleman, E. B. Buynak, R. E. Weibel, and J. Stokes Jr., "Live Attenuated Rubella Vaccine,"
New England Journal of Medicine
279 (1968): 300–303; M. R. Hilleman, "Toward Prophylaxis of Prenatal Infection by Viruses,"
Obstetrics and Gynecology
33 (1969): 461–69; M. R. Hilleman, E. B. Buynak, J. E. Whitman Jr., R. E. Weibel, and J. Stokes Jr., "Summary Report on Rubella Virus Vaccines Prepared in Duck Embryo Cell Culture," International Symposium on Rubella Vaccines,
Symposium Series on Immunobiological Standards
11 (1969): 349–56; M. R. Hilleman, E. B. Buynak, J. E. Whitman Jr., R. E. Weibel, and J. Stokes Jr., "Live Attenuated Rubella Virus Vaccines,"
American Journal of Diseases in Children
118 (1969): 166–71; J. Stokes Jr., R. E. Weibel, E. B. Buynak, and M. R. Hilleman, "Clinical-Laboratory Findings in Adult Women Given HPV–77 Rubella Vaccine, International Symposium on Rubella Vaccines,
Symposium Series Immunobiological Standards
11 (1969): 415–22; R. E. Weibel, J. Stokes Jr., E. B. Buynak, and M. R. Hilleman, "Rubella Vaccination in Adult Females,"
New England Journal of Medicine
280 (1969): 682–85; J. Stokes Jr., R. E. Weibel, E. B. Buynak, and M. R. Hilleman, "Protective Efficacy of Duck Embryo Rubella Vaccines,"
Pediatrics
44 (1969): 217–24; R. E. Weibel, J. Stokes Jr., E. B. Buynak, and M. R. Hilleman, "Live Rubella Vaccines in Adults and Children,"
American Journal of Diseases in Children
118 (1969): 226–29; E. B. Buynak, V. M. Larson, W. J. McAleer, C. C. Mascoli, and M. R. Hilleman, "Preparation and Testing of Duck Embryo Cell Culture Rubella Vaccine,"
American Journal of Diseases of Children
118 (1969): 347–54; T. A. Swartz, W. Klingberg, R. A. Goldwasser, M. A. Klingberg, N. Goldblum, and M. R. Hilleman, "Clinical Manifestations, According to Age, among Females Given HPV–77 Duck Rubella Vaccine,"
American Journal of Epidemiology
94 (1971): 246–51; R. E. Weibel, J. Stokes Jr., E. R. Buynak, and M. R. Hilleman, "Influence of Age on Clinical Response to HPV–77 Duck Rubella Vaccine,"
Journal of the American Medical Association
222 (1972): 805–7; V. M. Villarejos, J. A. Arguedas, G. C. Hernandez, E. B. Buynak, and M. R. Hilleman, "Clinical Laboratory Evaluation of Rubella Vaccine Given to Postpartum Women without Pregnancy Preventive,"
Obstetrics and Gynecology
42 (1973): 689–95; R. E. Weibel, V. M. Villarejos, E. B. Klein, E. B. Buynak, A. A. McLean, and M. R. Hilleman, "Clinical and Laboratory Studies of Live Attenuated RA27/3 and HPV77-DE Rubella Virus Vaccines,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
165 (1980): 44–49.

Mary Lasker: Mary Lasker Papers, 1940–1993. http://www.columbia. edu/cu/libraries/indiv/rare/guides/Lasker/main.html; Congressional Gold Medal Recipients, Mary Woodard Lasker (1900–1994), http://www. congressionalgoldmedal.com/MaryLasker.htm; Mary Lasker's activism in the birth control movement, http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/ CarolASThompson/birthcon.html.

Max Tishler: Max Tishler: Biographical memoirs, http://www.nap.edu/ readingroom/books/biomems/mtishler.html; Max Tishler: Professor of Chemistry, 1970–1987, http://wesleyan.edu/chem/Leermakers/max_tishler. html; National Inventors Hall of Fame: Max Tishler, http://www.invent. org/hall_of_fame/145.html.

Roy Vagelos quote: Symposium in honor of Maurice R. Hilleman, American Philosophical Society, January 26, 2005.

Meyer and Parkman rubella vaccine studies: P. D. Parkman, H. M. Meyer, R. L. Kirchstein, and H. E. Hopps, "Attenuated Rubella Virus, I: Development and Laboratory Characterization,"
New England Journal of Medicine
275 (1966): 569–74; H. M. Meyer, P. D. Parkman, and T. C. Panos, "Attenuated Rubella Virus, II: Production of an Experimental Live-Virus Vaccine and Clinical Trial,"
New England Journal of Medicine
275 (1966): 575–80.

Wistar Institute: The Wistar Institute, http://www.wistar.upenn.edu/ about_wistar/history.html; Caspar Wistar Papers, American Philosophical Society, http://www.amphilsoc.org/library/mole/w/wistar.htm.

Koprowski and Sabin polio vaccines: Oshinsky,
Polio
; J. Smith,
Patenting the Sun
; Carter,
Breakthrough
.
81 Hippocratic Oath: Hippocratic Oath, classical version, http://www.pbs. org/wgbh/nova/doctors/oath_classical.html; Hippocratic Oath, modern version, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/doctors/oath_modern.html; "The Hippocratic Oath Today: Meaningless Relic or Invaluable Guide," http://www. pbs.org/wgbh/nova/doctors/oath_today.html.

Hayflick studies: Hall,
Merchants of Immortality
; J. W. Shay, and W. E. Wright, "Hayflick, His Limit, and Cellular Ageing,"
Nature
1 (2000): 72–76; L. Hayflick, "The Limited in vitro Lifetime of Human Diploid Cell Strains,"
Experimental Cell Research
37 (1965): 614–36.

Telomeres and aging: M. A. Blasco, "Telomeres and Human Disease: Aging, Cancer and Beyond,"
Nature Reviews Genetics
6 (2005): 611–12; S, E, Artandi, "Telomeres, Telomerase, and Human Disease,"
New England Journal of Medicine
355 (2006): 1195–97.

Anaconda movie:
Anacondas: The Hunt for the Blood Orchid
, Sony Pictures, 2004.

Plotkin rubella vaccine studies: S. A. Plotkin, D. Cornfeld, and T. H. Ingalls, "Studies of Immunization with Living Rubella Virus,"
American Journal of Diseases of Children
110 (1965): 381–89; S. A. Plotkin, J. Farquhar, M. Katz, and T. H. Ingalls, "A New Attenuated Rubella Virus Grown in Human Fibroblasts: Evidence for Reduced Nasopharyngeal Excretion, "
American Journal of Epidemiology
86 (1967): 468–77; S. Saidi and K. Naficy, "Subcutaneous and Intranasal Administration of RA27/3 Rubella Vaccine,"
American Journal of Diseases of Children
118 (1969): 209–12; S. A. Plotkin, J. D. Farquhar, and M. Katz, "Attenuation of RA27/3 Rubella Virus in WI–38 Human Diploid Cells,"
American Journal of Diseases of Children
118 (1969): 178–85; D. M. Horstmann, H. Liebhaber, G. L. Le Bouvier, D. A. Rosenberg, and S. B. Halstead, "Rubella: Reinfection of Vaccinated and Naturally Immune Persons Exposed in an Epidemic,"
New England Journal of Medicine
283 (1970): 771–78; A. Fogel, A. Moshkowitz, L. Rannon, and C. B. Gerichter, "Comparative Trials of RA27/3 and Cendehill Rubella Vaccines in Adult and Adolescent Females,"
American Journal of Epidemiology
93 (1971): 392–98; H. Liebhaber, T. H. Ingalls, G. L. Le Bouvier, and D. M. Horstmann, "Vaccination with RA27/3 Rubella Vaccine,"
American Journal of Diseases of Children
123 (1972): 133–36; S. L. Spruance, L. E. Klock, A. Bailey, J. R. Ward, and C. B. Smith, "Recurrent Joint Symptoms in Children Vaccinated with HPV77DK12 Rubella Vaccine,"
Journal of Pediatrics
80 (1972): 413–17; S. A. Plotkin, J. D. Farquhar, and P. L. Ogra, "Immunologic Properties of RA27/3 Rubella Virus Vaccine: A Comparison with Strains Presently Licensed in the United States,"
Journal of the American Medical Association
225 (1973): 585–90; S. L. Spruance, R. Metcalf, C. B. Smith, M. M. Griffiths, and J. R. Ward, "Chronic Arthropathy Associated with Rubella Vaccination,"
Arthritis and Rheumatism
20 (1977): 741–77; B. F. Polk, J. F. Modlin, J. A. White, and P. C. DeGirolami, "A Controlled Comparison of Joint Reactions among Women Receiving One of Two Rubella Vaccines,"
American Journal of Epidemiology
115 (1982): 19–25; H. L. Nakhasi, D. Thomas, D. Zheng, and T.-Y. Liu, "Nucleotide Sequence of Capsid, E2, and E1 Protein Genes of Rubella Virus Vaccine Strain RA27/3,"
Nucleic Acids Research
17 (1989): 4393–94.

Studies of rubella vaccine in pregnant women: Plotkin and Orenstein,
Vaccines
; W. F. Fleet, E. W. Benz, D. T. Karzon, L. B. Lefkowitz, and K. L. Herrmann, "Fetal Consequences of Maternal Rubella Immunization,"
Journal of the American Medical Association
227 (1974): 621–27.

Gerberding announcement: "CDC Announces Rubella, Once a Major Cause of Birth Defects, Is No Longer a Health Threat in the U.S.," telebriefing transcript, March 21, 2005.

Political Science

Phil Provost was interviewed on May 15, 2006; Stanley Plotkin on February 15, 2005, and September 15, 2006; Keerti Shah on May 22, 2006, and Leonard Hayflick on November 6 and 7, 2006.

Debi Vinnedge and the Catholic Church: Catholic Exchange, "Vaccines and Abortion: What's the Right Choice," http://www.catholicexchange. com/vm/index.asp?art_id=31229; American Life League, "Activism: Vaccines and the Catholic Doctrine," http://www.vaclib.org/basic/activism.htm; C. Glatz, "Vatican Says Refusing Vaccines Must Be Weighed against Health Threats," Catholic News Service, http://www.catholicnews.com/data/ stories/cns/0504240.htm; "Vatican Statement on Vaccines Derived from Aborted Human Fetuses," Pontifica Academia Pro Vita, http://www.immunize.org/ concerns/vaticandocument.htm; Debi Vinnedge and Children of God for Life, http://www.prolifepac.com/ html/who19vinnedge.htm; "Vaccines and Fetuses," The Millennium Project, http://www.ratbags.com/rsoles/ vaxliars/foeti.htm; "Vaccines Originating in Abortion,"
Ethics and Medics
24 (1999): 3–4; "Moral Reflection on Vaccines Prepared from Cells Derived from Aborted Human Foetuses," Pontifical Academy for Life, Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith, http://www.consciencelaws.org/Conscience-Policies-Papers/PPPCatholic03.html; D. Vinnedge: "Responding to the Call: Is Anyone Listening?" http://www.cogforlife.org/responding.htm, and "Vaccines from Abortion: The Truth," http://www.all.org/celebrate_life/c10107c.htm; National Network for Immunization Information, "Vaccine Components: Human Fetal Links with Some Vaccines," http://www.immunizationinfo.org/ vaccine_ components_ detail.cfv?id=32.