The Sleepwalkers (116 page)

Constanta 278

Constantinople:

   Balkan Wars (1912-13) 253, 275, 340–41

   German military mission 338–40, 341–6, 349, 352–3, 418, 484

   strategic importance to Russia 126, 137, 251, 259, 484

Constitutional Democrat (Cadet) Party (Russia) 190

Cornwall, Mark 649
n
35

Corradini, Enrico 226, 245

Cossacks 479, 483, 554

Crackanthorpe, Dayrell 43, 45, 47, 357, 405, 428, 457, 461, 645
n
76

Craców 425

Crewe, Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of 211, 539

Crimean War (1853-56) 136, 250

Croatia-Slavonia 22, 68, 70, 71, 76, 84, 86, 87–8

Croats:

   in Austria-Hungary 22, 68, 70, 71, 76, 81, 84, 87–8

   in Bosnia 25, 38, 74, 411

   and Serb nationalism 22, 25, 26, 38

Crowe, Sir Eyre 162, 438, 497, 498, 540, 546–7

   Memorandum on Present State of British Relations with France and Germany (1907) 162–4, 195

Cruppi, Jean 191, 196, 205

Cuba 152, 180

Cuban missile crisis (1962) xxiv, 240

Čubrilović, Vaso 55–6, 371–2, 384

Čurčić, Fehim Effendi 367, 372–3, 380

Curragh Incident (1914) 489

Curzon, George, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston 138

Custoza, Battle of (1866) 292

Cvijić, Jovan 35

Cyrenaica 93, 248, 249

Czechoslovakia 77

Czechs 67, 68, 70, 77, 81, 269

Czernin, Count Ottokar von 278, 379, 408–9, 641
n
24

Daily Mail
227

Daily News
492, 541

Daily Telegraph
Affair (1908) 199, 200

Dalmatia 22, 25, 74, 86

Danilov, Yuri 348

Dardanelles
see
Turkish Straits Davidović, Ljuba 34

Davignon, Julien 550

de Broqueville, Count Charles 550

de l'Escaille, Bernard 511

de Margerie, Pierre 190, 438, 440, 501, 502, 505

de Robien, Count Louis 433–6, 437, 445, 447, 450, 472, 651
n
2

De Salis, John, 7th Count 161

Dedijer, Vladimir 575
n
151

Delagoa Bay 146

Delbrück, Hans 151

Delcassé, Théophile, French foreign minister 132–3, 191, 192, 303

   dismissal as foreign minister 157, 183, 194

   and Entente Cordiale 139, 193–4

   plan for European league against Britain 133–5

   policy on Morocco 133, 134, 135, 155–6, 157, 159–60, 208, 231

   reorientation to collaboration with Britain 135, 139

   Russian ambassador 307–8, 309, 343, 345, 359, 437, 438

Denmark 174, 221, 479, 501

   Prussian-Danish War (1864) 174

Depage, Antoine 562

Derna 248

Dernburg, Bernard 334–5

Descos, Léon 280–81, 357, 360, 432, 461

Dibra 284

Diderot, Denis 362

Dimitriev, Radko 252

Dimitrijević, Dragutin (‘Apis'):

   appointed head of Serbian military intelligence 46

   assassination of the Obrenović and role in regicide network 11–13, 15, 20, 35, 38, 574
n
128

   character and early career xxiii, 11

   formation of the Black Hand 38, 40, 95

   operations in Bosnia and Macedonia 45, 411–12

   plot to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand 48–9, 54, 55, 58, 59, 385, 390, 454, 467, 574
n
128

   political manoeuvrings following Balkan Wars 46, 47, 574
n
126

Disraeli, Benjamin, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield 136–7

Djakovica 284

Djordje, Crown Prince of Serbia 15, 34, 40

Djordjević, Dragomir 95

Djordjević, Vladan 637
n
57

Djuričić, Marko 463

Døbeln
(steamer) 552

Dobrorolsky, Sergei 486, 506–7, 509, 512

Dobrudja 42, 274, 275–6

Dodecanese Islands 248–9, 252

Doulcet, Jean 296–7, 435

Doumergue, Gaston 309, 311

Draga, Queen of Serbia 3–4, 8–10, 11–12, 96, 460

Dreyfus affair 217, 295

Dubail, Auguste 211

Dumba, Konstantin 80, 81

Dunkirk 438, 440, 501, 502, 503

Durazzo (Durrës) 283, 289, 302

Durnovo, Pyotr Nikolayevich 363, 418, 557

Dušan, Stepan, Tsar of Serbia 21, 22, 44

Eastern Roumelia 126

Eckardstein, Baron Hermann von 149

Edirne (Adrianople) 252, 256

Edward VII, King 170, 173–4, 183, 228, 235, 528

Egypt 132, 133, 134, 135, 155, 160, 164, 243, 335

Einem, Karl von 216

Ekaterinoslav (Dniepropetrovsk) 479

Elena, Queen of Italy 92

Eliot, Sir Charles 23, 25

Elisabeth, Empress of Austria (‘Sissi') 72

Entente Cordiale (1904) 123, 139, 140, 149, 153–4, 155, 157, 159, 174, 193–4, 204, 495, 505–6, 538–9, 545

Epinal 548

Epirus 255

Erdmann, Karl Dietrich 643
n
52

Ernst August, Prince of Hanover 339

Escaille, Bernard de l' 511

Esher, Reginald Brett, 2nd Viscount 211, 237

Essad Pasha Toptani 284

Étienne, Eugène 156

Eulenburg, Count Philipp zu 195, 198 scandal 199, 200

Eurozone financial crisis (2011-12) 555

Eustis, James B. 124–5

Evans, Sir Arthur 23

Falkenhayn, Erich von 334, 414, 416, 515, 516, 525, 526–7, 531, 660
n
131

Fallières, Armand 94

Fashoda incident (1898) 132, 133, 164

Ferdinand I, King of Bulgaria 273, 274, 279

Ferry, Abel 60, 503, 506

Fez 196

   French diplomatic mission (1905) 155, 156

Figaro
(newspaper) 406, 562

First Balkan War (October 1912–May 1913) 42–3, 251–8, 265–6, 275–6, 282–3, 457, 514

   Treaty of London 283–5, 286, 357

   
see also
Balkan Wars (1912-13)

First World War:

   Austrian declaration of war on Serbia (28 July 1914) 469–70, 510

   British declaration of war on Germany (4 August 1914) 544

   casualty totals xxi

   eastern front 547, 548

   German declaration of war on Russia (1 August 1914) 527

German invasion of Belgium and Luxembourg 494, 531, 544, 547–51

   German invasion of France 532, 547–8

   ‘short war illusion' 561–2

   German declaration of war on Russia (1 August 1914) 527

Fischer, Fritz 560, 561

‘Fischer thesis' 560, 561, 643
n
52

Fisher, Sir John ‘Jackie' (
later
1st Baron Fisher) 150, 160

Fitzmaurice, Edmond, 1st Baron 165–6

Flotow, Hans von 427

Fondère, Hyacinthe-Alphonse 206

Forgách, Count Johann von 89–90, 97, 359, 395, 427, 432

France:

   Centrale (senior civil service) 192, 194, 195–6, 205, 309

   Entente Cordiale (1904) 123, 139, 140, 149, 153–4, 155, 157, 159, 174, 193–4, 204, 495, 505–6, 538–9, 545

   financial backing for Serbia 29–31, 33, 38, 43, 46–7, 100, 276, 357

   foreign ministry 190–96, 230, 240, 303–4, 309

   Franco-German Moroccan Agreement (1909) 167, 195, 196, 204

   Franco-Russian Alliance (1892-94) 123, 127–31, 132, 138, 139, 143–4, 153–4, 191, 293–4, 304–8, 313, 350–51, 444, 475, 505–6, 548, 557, 559

   German annexation of Alsace-Lorraine 124, 131, 133, 135, 294

   German invasion 532, 547–8

   loans to Russia 308, 312, 332, 352, 419–20

   ‘Nationalist Revival' 295, 302

   preparations for war 500, 502–3, 538

   press 228, 229, 230–31, 232, 234–5, 406, 419–20

   Prinetti-Barrère Accord (1902) 155, 244

   railways 331

   
see also
French army; French navy

France
(battleship) 438, 440, 441, 442, 447, 449, 471, 498, 501

Franco-Prussian War (1870) 121, 124, 136

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria:

   assassination
see separate entry below

   and Balkan Wars 289, 291, 292

   character 370, 379, 395–6

   construction of power base 107–8

   declaration of war on Serbia (28 July 1914) 469

   domestic reform programme 108–9

   foreign policies 109–110, 112, 116–17, 183, 224, 394, 406

   heir to Habsburg throne 48–9, 101, 106, 370

   marriage 106–7, 370, 380

   meetings with Kaiser Wilhelm 289, 291, 400

   public opinion of 379–81, 406, 407

   relations with Berchtold 395–6

   relations with Emperor Franz Joseph 106–7, 404

   requiem service 431

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, assassination 367–76

   international reactions 381, 404–412, 417–18, 431, 445, 490

   official investigations 381–6, 390–91, 402, 424, 445, 453–4, 465, 466

   the plot 47–64, 73–4, 369, 385–6, 454–5

   press coverage 380–81, 387–9, 405–6, 417, 424

   reactions in Austria 376–81, 386–8, 391–403, 405, 453–4, 455

   reactions in Serbia 387–91, 405, 408, 424

Franz Joseph, Emperor:

   and assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand 396–7, 400, 404

   character and family 72

   defence of Compromise of 1867 108–9

   dismissal and reinstatement of Conrad von Hötzendorf 105, 110, 291

   Hoyos mission to Berlin (July 1914) 400, 401, 412–13, 414, 415

   and July 1914 crisis 400, 401, 468, 515, 520

   public and political role 72–3, 100–101, 183

   and winter crisis 1912-13 269

Frederick II, King of Prussia 143

Fremdenblatt
(newspaper) 60

French army:

   expenditure 217–18, 219, 331, 332, 333, 440–41

   military service 217, 218, 223, 238, 292, 311

   mobilization 503, 538

   reorganization and redeployment 222, 223–4, 308–9

   size 308, 331, 332, 350–51

   
see also
Humbert report (1914); Three Year Law

French Indochina 134, 139

French navy 143, 144, 544

Franco-Russian Naval Convention (1912) 131, 304, 540

Frere, Sir Bartle 173

Freud, Sigmund 470

Friedjung, Heinrich, treason trial 88–90, 99, 231, 260, 408, 445, 454

Gačinović, Vladimir 42, 55

Galicia 70, 71, 266, 269, 425, 479, 499, 514

Garašanin, Ilija 21–2, 24, 26, 28

   
Načertanije
21, 22, 569
n
37

Gardiner, Alfred George 492

Geiss, Imanuel 560

Gellinek, Otto 95–6, 97, 100, 114

Genčić, Djordje 8, 12

George V, King 173, 174–5, 200, 321, 339, 528–9, 532, 533, 535

Géraud, André 537

Gerde, Edmund 367

German Empire:

   annexation of Alsace-Lorraine 124, 131, 133, 135, 294

   Austro-German Dual Alliance (1879) 293, 296, 297

   British declaration of war against (4 August 1914) 544

   declaration of war against Russia (1 August 1914) 527

   economy 164–5, 216, 329–30

   financial assistance to Bulgaria 277–8

   foreign ministry 197–8, 230

   Franco-German Moroccan Agreement (1909) 167, 195, 196, 204

   Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty (1890) 129

   invasion of Belgium and Luxembourg 494, 531, 544, 547–51

   invasion of France 532, 547–8

   investment in Ottoman lands 335–8

   localization strategy (July 1914) 415–16, 480, 515–20, 524

   Potsdam Accord (1910) 167, 189

   preparations for war 524–7, 531, 536, 547–8

   press 163, 203, 229, 230, 232, 234, 235–6, 363

   railways 331, 335, 336–7

   Reinsurance Treaty with Russia (1887) 121, 125–6, 127, 129, 130, 143, 181, 197

   Three Emperors' Leagues (1873/1881) 79, 83, 125, 126, 128

   trade treaties with Russia 128, 144, 272

   Triple Alliance (1882) 92–3, 121–3, 125–6, 129–30, 157, 249–50

   unification 124, 197

   
Weltpolitik
150–52, 593
n
95

German army:

   expenditure 129, 144, 216, 217, 218, 238, 330, 330–32

   military service 292

   mobilization 504, 525–7, 531–3, 536, 547–51

   size 129, 144, 216, 330–32, 420

German navy:

   expansion 147–50, 152, 220–22, 318–19, 323, 329, 330

   mobilization 521

German South-east Africa 145

Giers, Nikolai 127, 129, 130

Giesl, Baron Wladimir 114, 431–2, 457–9, 464, 467

Giolitti, Giovanni 229, 245, 246

Goltz, Colmar von der (‘Goltz Pasha') 339

Goluchowski, Count Agenor 112

Goremykin, Ivan 346, 347, 474–5, 557

Goschen, Sir Edward 161, 165, 320, 497

Gostivar 113

Grabež, Trifko 49–56, 372, 384, 385–6

Graz 425

Great Britain:

   Anglo-Congolese Treaty (1894) 145

   Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902) 138–9, 545

   Anglo-Russian Convention (1907) 87, 111, 123, 139–40, 158, 167, 174, 187–8, 322–4, 325–6, 363, 536, 545–6

   declaration of war on Germany (4 August 1914) 544

   economy 164–5

   Entente Cordiale (1904) 123, 139, 140, 149, 153–4, 155, 157, 159, 174, 193–4, 204, 495, 505–6, 538–9, 545

   Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty (1890) 129

   Irish Question 342, 488–90, 545

   Mediterranean Agreement (1887) 121–2, 126

   press 129, 199, 200, 203, 227, 231, 235–6, 322, 406, 492–3, 541

   
see also
British army; British navy