The Last Days of the Incas (86 page)

New Spain,
35
,
55
,
66
,
70
,
89
,
143
,
145
,
295
,
334
,
424

New Toledo,
4
,
163
–
67
,
169
,
171
,
179
,
187
,
261
–
64
,
265
,
270
,
273
,
287
,
291
–
94
,
299
,
301
,
304
,
338

Nicaragua,
60
,
125
,
138
,
182

Niña
(Columbus’ ship),
20

Ninan Cuyoche,
47
,
48

Niza, Marcos de,
165

nobility:

Incan,
30
–
31
,
61
,
64
–
66
,
75
–
76
,
82
–
83
,
88
,
90
,
101
,
103
,
108
,
112
,
114
,
153
,
155
–
56
,
158
–
59
,
162
,
169
–
71
,
173
,
174
,
182
–
83
,
193
–
97
,
227
–
28
,
268
,
276
–
78
,
332
,
335
,
366
–
67
443
,
444

Spanish,
154
–
57
,
284
,
285
,
333

notaries,
58
,
59
,
97
–
99
,
112

Núñez, Juan,
382
,
383
,
385

Núñez de Balboa, Vasco,
18
,
22
,
23
,
60

Núñez Vela, Blasco,
346

Ocampo, Baltasar
de,
385
,
398
,
399
,
401

okho-paca
(lower world),
132
n

Old Testament,
416

Ollantaytambo fortress,
243
–
50
,
257
,
259
–
61
,
263
,
266
,
268
–
69
,
274
–
78
,
287
,
328
–
30
,
385
,
391
,
395
,
396
,
399
,
439
,
440
,
442
,
443
,
445
,
446
,
448
,
450

Oñate, Pedro de,
264

Oncoy,
313
,
315

On Guerrilla Warfare
(Guevara),
305
Opatari tribe,
282

Order of Santiago,
120
,
187
,
285
,
333

Oregon Archaeological Society,
414

orejones
(“big ears”),
30
–
31
,
108
,
182
–
83
,
227
–
28

Orgóñez, Rodrigo,
169
,
273
,
284
–
91
,
292
,
294
–
99
,
300
,
303
,
320
,
321
,
333
,
344
,
357
,
369

Oropesa, Spain,
284

Ortiz, Diego,
358
–
65
,
387
,
388
,
401
,
417

Ovando, Nicolás de,
22

Oviedo, Gabriel de,
418

Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo Fernández,
118

paca pucuy
(earth ripening) (March),
189
–
90

Pachacamac,
470
n

Pachacuti Inca,
42
,
43
–
45
,
46
,
150
,
154
,
192
,
269
,
278
,
281
,
290
,
309
,
437
–
45
,
447
,
455
,
459

pachacutis
(cataclysmic events),
131
,
261
,
461
–
62

Pacific Ocean,
17
,
22
,
41
,
60
,
162

Paititi,
419
n

pakoyok
(nobility),
114

palaces,
154
,
180
,
207
,
370
–
71
,
384
,
437
–
44
,
447

Pampaconas,
405
–
6

Pampaconas River,
322
,
369
,
407
,
418
,
426
,
444

Pampas River,
235

Panama,
22
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
34
,
35
,
102
,
120
,
136
,
147
,
242
n
,
284
,
424

Pan-American Scientific Congress (1908),
381

panaqas
(royal descent groups),
49
–
50
,
439
,
443
,
447

Pancorbo, Sefior,
389

Pando, Martín,
363

Panticalla Pass,
243
,
278
,
279
,
287
,
391
,
448

papa
(potatoes),
70

Paraguay River,
31
n

Pascac,
170
,
201
,
218
,
247

Patacancha River,
249
–
50
,
278

Paucar Huaman,
202
,
226
–
27

Paucartambo,
198

Paullu Inca,
170
,
171
,
176
,
261
,
262
,
286
,
287
–
88
,
290
–
91
,
295
,
299
,
311
,
316
,
320
–
21
,
325
,
326
,
328
,
357

Pavia, Battle of,
284

peasantry,
42
,
44
,
46
,
51
,
88
,
92
–
93
,
94
,
100
–
101
,
116
,
145
,
149
,
155
,
156
–
59
,
173
,
181
,
195
,
199
,
268
,
355
–
56
,
461

pelota
(game),
334

perico ligero
(giant anteaters),
308

Perou et Bolivie
(Wiener),
450

Peru:

architecture
of,
250
–
51
,
321
,
370
,
409
,
422
,
430
,
431

borders of,
31
n
,
32
–
33
,
36

climate of,
41
,
54
,
57
,
113
189
–
90
,
340

Incan period of,
see
Incan Empire

maps of,
ix
,
380
,
390

name of,
27
,
33
,
242
n

population of,
310
–
11
,
316
,
353
–
55

as Spanish colony,
1
,
33
–
37
,
121
–
22
,
187

tourism in,
452
,
460

viceroys for,
366
–
68
,
369
,
374
–
75

Peruvian Times
,
415

pesos,
102
–
3
,
160
,
336
–
37
,
350
,
371

pétanque
(game),
334
n

Philip II, King of Spain,
356
,
367
–
68

pigs,
31

pikes,
142

Pilcosuni people,
308

pirca
style,
445
,
446
,
456
–
57

Pisac,
396
,
439
,
442
,
443
,
446

Pizarro, Diego,
237

Pizarro, Francisco,
15
–
40

Almagro as partner of,
4
,
16
,
24
,
28
,
30
,
102
,
116
,
117
,
120
–
22
,
126
,
130
,
136
,
154
–
55
,
160
,
162
–
64
,
256
,
259
,
261
,
262
–
63
,
291
–
94
,
299
,
300
–
301
,
312
,
335

assassination of,
330
,
331
–
44
,
345
,
349
,
353

Atahualpa’s relationship with,
88
–
91
,
94
–
102
,
105
–
6
,
116
–
17
,
126
–
37

background of,
17
–
27
,
35
,
37
,
60
,
86
–
88
,
97
–
99
,
121
,
317
,
331
–
35
,
350
,
475
n

brothers of,
3
,
19
,
21
n
,
37
,
57
,
71
,
141
,
167
–
68
,
172
–
76
,
182
–
91
,
207
–
11
,
217
–
23
,
233
,
265
–
68
,
270
–
74
,
283
–
84
,
286
,
291
–
94
,
299
–
304
,
331
,
349
,
352
;
see also specific Pizarro brothers

Cajamarca captured by,
53
,
58
–
59
,
66
,
67
,
68
–
117
,
94
,
102
,
103
,
108
,
113
,
116
–
17
,
121
–
24
,
128
,
131
,
136
,
138
,
148
,
154
,
155
,
161
,
172
,
184
,
186
,
188
,
202
,
262
,
285
,
310
,
319

cities founded by,
102
,
118
–
20
,
163
,
171
–
72
,
179
,
230
,
232
–
33
,
250
–
51
,
310

company formed by,
24
–
27
,
34
–
37
,
102
,
118
–
22
,
154
–
55
concubine of,
173
,
250

Cortés compared with,
34
,
48
,
55
,
58
,
66
,
70
,
72
,
89
,
93
,
143

Cuzco captured by,
108
–
16
,
126
,
129
,
138
–
56
,
161
,
162
,
167
,
172
,
375
,
447

Cuzco relieved by,
233
–
50
,
258
,
283
–
84
,
286
,
312

expeditions of,
15
–
40
,
16
,
47
,
53
–
58
,
70
–
71
,
100
,
102
,
136
–
37
,
143

as Extremadura native,
18
–
19
,
23
,
26
,
35
,
37
,
317

as governor of New Castile,
4
,
34
–
37
,
62
,
77
–
79
,
85
,
88
–
90
,
93
–
94
,
102
,
103
,
120
–
24
,
125
,
140
–
41
,
152
–
53
,
155
,
162
–
64
,
167
–
68
,
179
,
230
–
33
,
261
,
265
,
266
,
270
–
71
,
291
–
94
,
296
,
299
,
302
,
310
–
18
,
333
–
36
,
339
,
350
,
352
,
470
n