The Crusades of Cesar Chavez (84 page)

32
   “We were extremely popular”
Chavez, JEL, June 27–29, 1969, Box 1, Folder 134

33
   Sheridan watched Chavez
Walter Sheridan, Aug. 13, 1969, RFK Oral History collection, JFK Presidential Library

34
   On election eve
Ibid.

35
   “sooner or later”
Cohen to Roger, n.d., courtesy of Jerry Cohen

Chapter 16

Sources: JEL tapes; Farm Labor Files; Chatfield journal; author interviews with Chatfield, Hartmire, Mason, Matthiessen, and Moses.

1
   happy to help
Matthiessen interview

2
   “Indian’s bow nose”
Matthiessen,
Sal Si Puedes
, 6

3
   “introduced as a saint”
Chavez, Dec. 8, 1969, JEL, Box 1, Folder 139

4
   confirmation name
Mark Hurley to Chavez, Mar. 27, 1970, ADMIN, Box 5, Folder 10

5
   called Bill Kircher
Kircher interview, Oct. 19, 1973, TAY, Box 9, Folder 16

6
   recite the Hail Mary
Chatfield journal, Sep. 12, 1968

7
   officer was stationed
Chatfield journal, Sep. 13, 1968

8
   Chatfield wrote twice
Chatfield to Manning, Jun. 14 and 21, 1968, AALA, Folder 1968

9
   “creating a crisis”
Chatfield journal, Sep. 15, 1968

10
   “sooner or later”
Huerta, Apr. 1969, JEL, Box 5, Folder 184

11
   “sounded like a messiah”
Ibid.

12
   “too saintly”
Drake interviewed by Pat Hoffman, on FMDP

13
   hung a photo
Matthiessen, 323

14
   read his draft
Matthiessen interview

15
   $900 check
Chatfield journal, Dec. 5, 1968

16
   “stab of genius”
Chatfield journal, Mar. 1, 1969

17
   “get everybody involved”
Chatfield and Chavez., tape, Nov. 19, 1968, UFWA

18
   “How in hell”
Itliong, Apr. 4, 1969, JEL, Box 5, Folder 185

19
   Meeting at his house
Tape of Jan. 14, 1969, meeting, UFWA

20
    “Cesar Chavez’s union”
Ibid.

21
   “In a confrontation”
Ibid.

22
   raised his biggest threat
Chatfield journal; Kircher, Oct. 19, 1973, TAY Box 9, Folder 16

23
   “He sees himself”
Matthiessen, 284

24
   “pull a Joseph Stalin”
Jan. 14, 1969, tape

25
   “one man organization”
Itliong, JEL, Box 5, Folder 185

26
   “people of heart”
Jan. 14, 1969, tape

27
   “But he is a man”
Hirsch, “Some personal notes on Delano,” Jun. 2, 1968, in Kircher papers, Box 13, Folder 2, Wayne State

28
   “some serious doubts”
Mason, Apr. 26, 1969, JEL Box 6, Folder 188

29
   “I’m single-minded”
Jan. 14, 1969, tape

30
   “As his leadership inevitably extends”
Matthiessen, 173

Chapter 17

Sources: Hartmire and Medina papers; author interviews with Cohen, Fitch, Ganz, Hartmire, Medina, and Serda.

1
    Giumarra owned
Brown, “The United Farm Workers Grape Strike”

2
   “their only weapon”
UFWOC v. Superior Court of the State of California
, Aug. 28, 1967, court files

3
   they talked good-naturedly
Tape of boycotters meeting, Dec. 1967, FMDP, Ross Tapes

4
   “Cesar is the main reason”
“
Labor
,” 1969, Medina papers

5
   “They are immoral”
Notes from Jul. 5, 1968, cabinet meeting, Reagan Library, GO Box 24, Folder Jun. 1968

6
   “If the boycott spreads”
Notes from Jul. 16, 1968, cabinet meeting, Reagan Library, GO Box 25, Folder Jul. 1968

7
   dipped precipitously
Roger Mahony notes, Jan. 5, 1970, AALA, Folder 1970

8
   “negotiating from power”
Chavez, Jun. 26, 1969, JEL, Box 1, Folder 134

9
   “created an image”
Commonwealth Club of California minutes, Aug. 7, 1969, SJVFLC

10
   ban grapes from dining halls
“La Raza Comes to Campus,” http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/la_raza2.htm

11
   “do business with Hitler”
Food Merchants Advocate
, May 1969

12
   “growers are bleeding”
Chavez to Ganz, Mar. 9, 1969, ADMIN, Box 26, Folder 25

13
   “left foot is considerably larger”
Tape of Travell visit, Mar. 15, 1969, UFWA

14
   “The Grapes of War”
Defense Department fact sheet, Hartmire papers

15
   conscientious objector
Chavez, May 9, 1969, JEL, Box 1, Folder 132

16
   “he is my son”
Ibid.

17
   “You do your trick”
Chavez, JEL, Box 1, Folder 136

18
   At a Chicago rally
Chicago Sun-Times
, Nov. 13, 1969

19
   Chavez found time
Chavez, JEL, Box 1, Folder 139

20
   “Todos bien”
Cesar to Richard, Helen Chavez, Dec. 15, 1969, INFO, Box 51, Folder 36

21
   “I have grown”
Govea, Montreal Boycott files, Box 3, Delano Correspondence folder

22
   “bigger and better things”
Chavez to Ganz, Feb. 4, 1970, OOP2, Box 19, Folder 3

23
   “We go up and down”
Chavez, Mar. 1970, JEL, Box 1, Folder 138

Chapter 18

Sources: Bishops’ committee reports and Mahony notes; Levy notes on negotiations; Ross Tapes; Harvard Business School case studies; author interviews with Cohen, Marguleas, Moses, Reynoso, and Saatjian.

1
   “going 80 miles”
Chavez, Ross Tapes

2
   price of Larson’s grapes
Harvard Business School case study 4-374-069, in author’s possession

3
   Saatjian’s Methodist congregation
Saatjian interview

4
   Steinberg invited Chavez home
Chavez, JEL, Folder 163

5
   dropped from eighty-five
“Grower Ranks Cut by Grape Boycott,”
Los Angeles Times
, Mar. 24, 1970

6
   “like a noose”
Steinberg, Jun. 11, 1971, JEL, Box 6, Folder 198

7
   “writing history”
Lucey to Chavez, Aug. 13, 1968, AALA, Folder 1968

8
   “no disposition”
Mar. 3, 1970, Donnelly to bishops’ committee, Report on Week of Mar. 2, 1970, AALA, Folder 1970

9
   “As in the early days”
Ibid.

10
   “the word racism”
“First Grapes With Union Label Shipped to Market,”
New York Times
, May 31, 1970

11
   bishops arranged separate meetings
Account of negotiations from notes of Roger Mahony, AALA, Folder 1970, and Jacques Levy notes

12
   “a lot like Vietnam”
“Why They Signed with the Union,”
Farm Quarterly
, Sep.–Oct. 1970

13
   “learned to like Chavez”
Ibid.

14
   Giumarra Jr. was so angry
Mahony to bishops’ committee, Apr. 7, 1970, AALA, Folder 1970

15
   “put the squeeze”
Chavez to Mahony, May 13, 1970, AALA, Folder 1970

16
   “Cesar couldn’t bear”
Matthiessen, 240

17
   “wipe them out”
May 11, 1970, memo, ADMIN3, Box 95, Folder 34

18
   “power goes to the head”
Chavez, JEL, Box 2, Folder 142

19
   drew two ships
Levy notes, JEL, Box 2, Folder 142

20
   joined the betting
“Date on which Giumarra calls Cesar,” OOP1, Box 5, Folder 8

21
   “a little push”
Levy tape, n.d., circa Jun. 1970

22
   “Some blue chips”
Levy notes, Jul. 8, 1970, JEL, Box 2, Folder 145

23
   “make a mint”
Levy tape, n.d.

24
   Feick agreed to ask
Chronology from Mahony handwritten notes, in Folder 1970, and Mahony to Ad-hoc Committee on Farm Labor, Jul. 23, 1970, AALA; Levy notes, JEL Box 41, Folder 783

25
   “this is like heaven”
Jul. 16, 1970, JEL, Tape 57

26
   “ever seen him as happy”
Fred Ross Jr. to Chavez, Dec. 8, 1970, OOP2, Box 46, Folder 5

27
   Tensions at the school
Mark Day,
Forty Acres
(Praeger, 1971), 80;
El Malcriado
, Apr. 1, 1969, and Jul. 1, 1970

28
   “over-played and over-bluffed”
Mahony to bishops’ committee, Jul. 23, 1970

29
   Chavez became angry
Levy notes on negotiations, JEL, Box 41, Folder 783

30
   “You are a new union”
Transcript of contract signing and press conference, JEL, Box 2, Folder 149

Chapter 19

Sources: Court records and transcripts, Superior Court of Monterey County; records of the bishops’ committee and Mahony notes; Levy notes, tapes, and interviews; Cohen journals; author interviews with Carder, Cohen, Ganz, Hartmire, Lopez, Medina, and Valdez.

1
   “feel out the Teamsters”
Cal Watkins declaration, Aug. 31, 1970, in
Mann Packing v. Cesar Chavez
, Superior Court of Monterey County files

2
   “Above all, the workers want”
El Malcriado
, Aug. 1, 1970

3
   “Two Anglos got together”
Levy tape, Jul. 28, 1970, JEL, Box 2, Folder 148

4
   Levy noted
Levy notes, Jul. 29, 1970, JEL, Box 2, Folder 148

5
    “time has passed”
El Malcriado
, Aug. 1, 1970

6
   “we all signed cards”
Declaration of Mann Packing workers, n.d., in Mann Packing v. Cesar Chavez, Superior Court of Monterey County files

7
   enough money for six weeks
Levy notes, Aug. 2, 1970, JEL, Box 2, Folder 149

8
   wedding reception
Chavez, JEL, Box 4, Folder 165

9
   called Monsignor Roger Mahony
Mahony to Ad-hoc Committee on Farm Labor, National Conference of Catholic Bishops, Aug. 26, 1970, AALA, Folder 1970

10
   Higgins’s discretion
Higgins press conference, Aug. 12, 1970, and Levy notes, JEL, Box 2 Folder 149

11
   never announced the vote
Higgins, Apr. 11, 1994, JEL, Box 37, Folder 743

12
   “not like a spiritual fast”
Chavez, JEL, Box 4, Folder 165

13
   “a totally new ball game”
Driscoll, Sep. 10, 1970, JEL, Box 3, Folder 153

14
   “a monastery in Tibet”
“Judge Calls Chavez ‘Star of Radio, TV,’”
Los Angeles Herald Examiner
, Sep. 11, 1970

15
   “call a boycott”
Levy tape, Sep. 15, 1970, JEL, Box 3, Folder 153

16
   “They were unafraid”
Govea journal, in possession of author

17
   “there will be retaliation”
Cohen diary, Sep. 24, 1970, Cohen papers, Box 1, Folder 5

18
   “Dolores has mismanaged”
Higgins to Mahony, Sep. 24, 1970, AALA, Folder 1970

19
   “A confession?”
Cohen diary, Sep. 28, 1970, Cohen papers, Box 1, Folder 5