Return of a King: The Battle For Afghanistan (83 page)

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Authors: William Dalrymple

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100
Michael H. Fisher,
‘An Initial Student of Delhi English College: Mohan Lal Kashmiri (1812–77)’, in Margrit Pernau (ed.),
The Delhi College: Traditional Elites, the Colonial State and Education before 1857
, New Delhi, 2006, p. 248.
101
Mohan Lal,
Life of Amir Dost Mohammad
, vol. I, pp. 307–9.
102
Burnes to Macnaghten, 24 March 1838, Parliamentary Papers [PP] 1839, Indian Papers 5. For fuller text see PP 1859.
103
NAI, Foreign, Secret Consultations, 22 August to 3 October 1838, no. 602, Burnes to Macnaghten.
104
Kashmiri,
Akbarnama
, ch. 11.
105
Volodarsky, ‘The Russians in Afghanistan in the 1830s’,
p. 77.
106
Morrison,
Twin Imperial Disasters
, p. 22.
107
NAI, Foreign, Secret Consultations, 19 August 1825, nos 3–4, no. 04, Burnes to Holland, Peshawar, 6 May 1838.
108
BL, OIOC, ESL 49: no. 12 of no. 11 of 22 May 1838 (IOR/L/PS/5/130), Auckland’s Minute of 12 May 1838.
109
Eden,
Up the Country
,
p. 125.
110
Norris,
First Afghan War
, p. 161.
111
Eden,
Miss Eden’s Letters
, p. 293.
112
BL, OIOC, ESL 49: no. 12 of no. 11 of 22 May 1838 (IOR/L/PS/5/130), Auckland’s Minute of 12 May 1838.
113
Eden,
Miss Eden’s Letters
, pp. 299–300.
114
Eden,
Up the Country
,
p. 186.
115
Osborne,
The Court and Camp of Runjeet Sing
, pp. 70–89.
116
Ibid., p. 90.        
117
Ibid., p. 190.
118
Major W. Broadfoot,
The Career of Major George Broadfoot
,
C.B.
, London, 1888, p. 121; also Henry Lawrence, in Yapp,
Strategies
, p. 247.
119
BL, OIOC, Mss Eur E359, Diary of Colvin, entry for 1 June 1838.
120
Norris,
First Afghan War
, p. 182.
121
Calendar of Persian Correspondence of the Punjab Archives abstracted into English
, Lahore, 1972–2004 vol. 2, p. 158. Mirza Haidar Ali, an attendant to Shah Shuja ul-Mulk, to the Political Agent, Ludhiana, 15 September 1837.
122
Maulana Mohammad-Ghulam Akhund-zada Kohistani, b. Mulla Timur-shah,
mutakhallis ba
‘Gulam’ (or Gulami Mohammad Ghulam),
Jangnama. Dar wasfi-i mujahidat-i Mir Masjidi-khan Gazi wa sair-i mudjahidin rashid-i milli-i aliya-i mutajawizin-i ajnabi dar salha-yi 1839–1842 i. Asar: Maulina
[sic]
Muhammad-Gulam Kuhistani mutakhallis ba ‘Gulami’,
Kabul 1336 AH/1957 (
Anjuman-i tarikh-i Afg
h
anistan
,
No. 48) [preface by Ahmad-Ali Kohzad, without index], pp. 184–6.
123
Osborne,
The Court and Camp of Runjeet Sing
, pp. 207–8.
124
Waqi’at-i-Shah Shuja
, The Thirty-Fifth Event.
125
Eden,
Miss Eden’s Letters
, p. 290.
126
Ibid., p. 311.
127
Moon,
The British Conquest and Dominion of India
, p. 505.
128
NAI, Foreign, Secret Consultations, 21 November 1838, no.104, Mackeson to Macnaghten, 16 August 1838.
129
Masson,
Narrative of Various Journeys
,
vol. III, p. 495.
130
Yapp argues convincingly for Macnaghten being the main driving force behind the invasion – see
Strategies
, pp. 246–7.
131
Colonel William H. Dennie,
Personal Narrative of the Campaigns in Afghanistan
, ed. W. E. Steele, Dublin, 1843, p. 30.
132
Sir John William Kaye,
Lives of Indian Officers
, vol. 2, p.
254.
133
Yapp,
Strategies
,
p. 253.
134
Sir John William Kaye,
History of the War in Afghanistan: From the unpublished letters and journals of political and military officers employed in Afghanistan
, London, 1851,
vol. I, p. 375.
135
Henry Marion Durand,
The First Afghan War and its Causes
,
London, 1879, p. 81.

Chapter 4: The Mouth of Hell

 
1
BL, Broughton Papers, Add Mss 36474, Wade to Auckland, 31 January 1839.
 
2
Yapp,
Strategies
, p. 263.
 
3
Dennie,
Personal Narrative of the Campaigns in Afghanistan
, p. 51.
 
4
Norris,
First Afghan War
, p. 254.
 
5
Ibid., p. 248.
 
6
Ibid.
 
7
Calendar of Persian Correspondence,
vol. 2, p. 1119, 11 December 1838, Shah                Shuja ul Mulk to Political Agent, Ludhiana.
 
8
Eden,
Miss Eden’s Letters
, p. 305.
 
9
Eden,
Tigers, Durbars and Kings
, p. 162.
10
Ibid., p. 159.
11
J. H. Stocqueler,
The Memoirs and Correspondence of Sir William Nott, GCB
, London, 1854, vol. I, p. 79 .
12
Osborne,
The Court and Camp of Runjeet Singh
pp. 213–14.
13
Eden,
Up the Country
, pp. 205–6.
14
Henry Havelock,
Narrative of the War in Affghanistan in 1838–9
,
London, 1840, vol. I, p. 72; Kaye,
History of the War in Afghanistan
, vol. I, p. 392.
15
Eden,
Tigers, Durbars and Kings
, p. 182.
16
Ibid., p. 175.
17
Kaye,
History of the War in Afghanistan
, vol. I, p. 393.
18
Saul David,
Victoria’s Wars: The Rise of Empire
, London, 2006, p. 27.
19
Stocqueler,
The Memoirs and Correspondence of Sir William Nott
, vol. I, p. 91.
20
Mirza ‘Ata,
Naway Ma’arek
, p. 162, The English in Sindh and the Bolan Pass.
21
Ibid.
22
Kaye,
History of the War in Afghanistan
, vol. I, p. 419.
23
Ibid., p. 415.
24
NAI, Foreign, Secret Consultations, Burnes to Holland (pte), 21 March 1839, 8/43, 28 September 1842.
25
Kashmiri,
Akbarnama
, ch. 11.
26
Major-General Sir Thomas Seaton,
From Cadet to Colonel: The Record of a Life of Active Service
,
London 1873, p. 74.
27
Broadfoot,
The Career of Major George Broadfoot
,
p. 7.
28
Mirza ‘Ata,
Naway Ma’arek
, p. 162, The English in Sindh and the Bolan Pass.
29
Seaton,
From Cadet to Colonel
,
p. 85.
30
G. W. Forrest,
Life of
Field Marshal Sir Neville Chamberlain GCB
,
Edinburgh, 1909, pp. 31–2.
31
Calendar of Persian Correspondence
, vols. 2 and no. 3, contains many of the letters sent out by Shah Shuja and Wade in an attempt to raise the tribes of Afghanistan for the Sadozai restoration. E.g. vol. 3, no. 206, 19 February 1839, p. 30.
32
Kaye,
Lives of Indian Officers
,
vol. I, pp. 262–3.

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