Penguin History of the United States of America (145 page)

Pitt the Elder, William
see
Chatham

Pitt the Younger, William,
79n
,
80
,
259

Pittman, Sen. Key,
556

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
58n
,
108
,
221
,
385
,
417
,
420

Pius XII, Pope,
590

Plantations (agricultural estates)

slave,
83
,
100
,
103
,
108
,
230
,
231
,
235
,
282
,
286

after Civil War,
352
,
358
,
365
,
386

Planter class,
145
,
189
,
235
,
269
,
282
,
296
,
298

tobacco planters, in A. Revolution,
123
,
124

in Virginia,
145

and slavery,
282
,
285–90
,
308
,
310

and cotton,
307
,
358

in Civil War,
329
,
332
,
335
,
339

and Reconstruction,
361
,
364
,
366
,
371

Platt amendment,
552

Platte river,
240
,
301
,
433

Plessy
v.
Ferguson
,
414–15
,
624
,
626

Plunkitt, George Washington,
400
,
401
,
413
,
527

Plutarch,
138
,
375

Plymouth, Mass.,
34n
,
38–9
,
41n
,
49
,
88
,
167

Plymouth Rock,
38n

Pocahontas,
17
,
21
,
24
,
27

Pol Pot,
671

Poland, Poles,
111n
,
204
,
394
,
395
,
417
,
422
,
484
,
578–9
,
581
,
591

Police,
401
,
412
,
419
,
502
,
517
,
643
,
660

Polish-Americans,
641
,
643

Politicians,
228
,
265
,
274
,
279
,
319
,
392
,
399
,
457
,
502

Polk, James Knox (Pres. 1845–9),
266
,
297

Poll tax,
29
,
371

Pontiac,
63
,
108
,
112
,
113
,
119

Pony express,
245

Pope, Gen. John,
327
,
655

‘Popular Sovereignty’,
299
,
302

Population

African-American,
101
,
102–3
,
444
,
615
,
617
,
632
,
639

of British Empire,
75

California 1850–60,
298–9

colonial,
16
,
22
,
27
,
39
,
88
,
93
,
96
,
101
,
102–3

European,
393

farm,
503

foreign-born,
303
,
393

Indian,
5
,
8

Kansas, 1860,
305

Mormon,
242

national,
250
,
264
,
377
,
386
,
393
,
415
,
508n
,
589
,
658
; structure of,
417

rural,
230

slave states,
287n

Southern,
617

urban,
230
,
617

Populism,
674

Populist (People’s) party,
407
,
426–33
,
444
,
465
,
538
,
615

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, treaty of,
455

Portugal, Portuguese,
4
,
6
,
11
,
12
,
26
,
35
,
106
,
156
,
394
,
652

Postal service, federal,
296
,
312
,
354
,
370

Potomac river,
27
,
194
,
260
,
309
,
321
,
326
,
327
,
336
,
337

Powderly, Terence Vincent,
418–19

Powell, Justice,
676

Power of the purse,
116
,
144
,
147
,
210

Powhatan,
21
,
23
,
24
,
60

Prairie Schooners,
239
,
421

Pratt, Orson,
244

Presbyterians,
31
,
44n
,
91
,
92
,
94
,
232
,
460

President of the United States, office of (
see also
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
),
203
,
211
,
264
,
266
,
272
,
275
,
277
,
301
,
308
,
350n
,
407–8
,
409
,
445
,
466
,
491–2
,
509
,
516
,
550
,
555
,
587
,
594
,
595
,
620
,
626
,
635
,
663
,
667

P. and the budget,
501n

as Commander-in-Chief,
316
,
552

and economic management,
544

Great Father of the Indians,
65

impeachment of,
355–6
,
666

modern Presidents,
664

P. oath,
313
,
667

P. and patronage,
268
,
451
,
458

P. primaries,
458

rise of the P.,
209–10

T. Roosevelt, impact of,
451–5

Twenty-Second Amendment,
594

P. veto,
275
,
354
,
355
,
406
,
503
,
512

W. Wilson, impact of,
460–61
,
481

W. Wilson on,
452

Press-gang,
127–9

Pressure groups,
425

Price, Rev. Daniel,
17

Prices (
see also
Office of Price Administration
),
108
,
129
,
229
,
250
,
253–4
,
358
,
385
,
423
,
425
,
446
,
469
,
482
,
488
,
500
,
503
,
505
,
506
,
511
,
513
,
154
,
528
,
532
,
536
,
567
,
589
,
591
,
687

Priestley, Joseph,
130n

Prince Edward Island,
112

Princeton, New Jersey

battle of,
180

University,
414
,
459
,
460
,
475

Printing, printers,
92

in A. Revolution,
129
,
130n

Prisons,
292

Privateering,
182
,
251
,
262

Privy Council,
119
,
123–4
,
137

Proclamation of 1763,
120
,
179

Proclamation, Emancipation
see
Emancipation Proclamation

Progressive parry, 1912 (‘Bull Moose’),
444
,
458–9
,
461
,
501n
,
528
,
532

Progressive Party, 1924,
501

Progressive Republican League,
457

Progressivism, progressive,
444
,
465
,
466
,
482
,
516
,
527
,
546
,
615
,
616
,
674

Prohibition,
426
,
448
,
465
,
478
,
495
,
502
,
525

Prohibition party,
661

Promontory Point, Utah,
385

Property,
39
,
58
,
60
,
190
,
212
,
213–14
,
258
,
288
,
312
,
330
,
580

Protectionism,
271
,
295
,
308
,
312
,
340
,
384
,
411
,
688

Protestantism,
30
,
31
,
304
,
401
,
404
,
466

Protestants,
300
,
304
,
411
,
432
,
504
,
613

Provincetown, Mass.,
38

Prussia, III.,
140–41
,
255

Public Works Administration (PWA),
532
,
534
,
540
,
553

Pueblo, Colorado,
487

Puerto Rico, Puerto Ricans,
402
,
405
,
441
,
442
,
641n

Pujo, Cong. Arsène,
459

Pulitzer, Joseph,
440

Pullman Palace Car Co.,
421
,
451
,
453
,
620

Purchas, Samuel,
33

Pure Food and Drug Act,
454

Puritanism,
30–33
,
41–50
,
97
,
231
,
234

in New England,
33n
,
42–50
,
57
,
63
,
88–92
,
93
,
118
,
264
,
448

in 19th c.,
291
,
338
,
381
,
414

Putnam, Israel,
172n

Quaker Oats, Inc.,
609

Quakers (Society of Friends),
52
,
62
,
90
,
91
,
93–6
passim
,
98
,
145
,
221
,
231
,
662
,
663

and Indians,
62
,
99
,
120

and slavery,
99

Quartering Acts,
136
,
143
,
161

Quebec,
8
,
88
,
112
,
117

Q. Act,
161
,
175

Quiberon Bay, Battle of,
86

Quota Act (1921),
496

Racial enmity,
106–7
,
230
,
317
,
328
,
347
,
349
,
351
,
363
,
366
,
396
,
405
,
417
,
437
,
616
,
640
,
644

Radical Republicans
see
Republican party

Radio,
268
,
495
,
533
,
598

Railroads,
245
,
288
,
378–80
,
383n
,
385
,
389–90
,
392
,
399
,
401
,
404
,
417–18
,
427
,
446
,
477
,
505
,
611
,
616
,
617

and the Civil War,
333
,
340
,
379

co-operation among,
389–90
,
391

and heavy industry,
385

in Progressive era,
448
,
451
,
452–3

strikes on,
417–18
,
419
,
421
,
430
,
451

transcontinental,
244
,
246
,
301
,
304
,
316
,
340
,
379
,
384–5
,
396
,
397
,
410
,
422

‘Southern route’,
370

and the West,
379
,
422–4

Ralegh, Sir Walter,
7
,
11
,
12
,
23
,
24
,
33n
,
74

and tobacco,
26–7

Raleigh Tavern,
162

Randolph, A. Philip,
620
,
623
,
634
,
642

Randolph, Edmund,
194
,
195
,
197
,
200
,
203

Rankin, Cong. John Elliott,
595n

Rappahannock river,
333

Ray, James Earl,
643

Reagan, Nancy,
685
,
692

Reagan, Ronald Wilson (Pres. 1981–5),
527n
,
541n
,
673
,
680
,
683–93

quoted
,
669
,
685
,
688
,
690