Pakistan: A Hard Country (91 page)

and MMA

and Mohajirs

and MQM

offices in Karachi

offices in Lahore

opposition to creation of Pakistan and patronage system

policy on terrorism

and PPP

and Red Mosque siege

student groups

student organization

student wing

success of

and Taleban

and US

and women

and Zia

Jamaat-e-Taleba

Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD)

Jamal, Nasir

Jamali, Sardar Jan Mohammed

Jamali, Sardar Rustam

Jamhoori Watan Party

Jamiat-e-Ulema-e-Islam (JUI)

and ANP

compared with ANP

and Deobandi tradition

and JuH

and JUI-F

loss of support

and Musharraf

and NWFP politics

opposition to Zardari

‘Pashtunization’ of

and Pathans

and patronage

and Red Mosque siege

splits in

and SSP

student supporters

and Taleban

and US

Jamiat-ul-Ulema-i-Hind (JuH)

Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front Jan, Abdul Jalil

Jang media group

Japan

Jat

Jatoi, Abid Husain

Jatoi, Murtaza

Jatoi family

Jats

Java

Javed, Syed Muhammad

Javeri, Tapu, i voyeur: going places with haute noblesse Al Jazeera

Jebri

Jeeay Bhutto (slogan)

Jehangir, Asma

Jehangir, Emperor

Jehanzeb, Wali of Swat

Jews

Jhangvi, Maulana Haq Nawaz

jihad, jihadi groups

against British

defensive

greater and lesser

ISI and

in Kashmir

in Pakistan

Pathan

in Swat

see also Afghanistan, anti-Soviet jihad; Kashmir, jihadi groups Jillani, Syed Parvez

Jinnah, Fatima

Jinnah, Mohammed Ali Pathans and

jirgas (councils of elders and notables) Jiye Sindh party

Jogezai, Nawabzada Aurangzeb

John Paul II, Pope

Johnson, Lyndon B.

journalists

Jullundur

Jundallah movement

Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) justice, restorative

Justinian, Emperor

Kabul

Indian embassy

Kabul river

Kalabagh, hydroelectric dam project Kalat

killings in

Kalhora dynasty

Kalpur, Hamza Khan

Kalpurs

Kamal, Syed Mustafa

Kamlial family

Kammis,

Kandahar

Kandhura, Taleban HQ

Karachi

attack on US Consulate

Azizabad district

Bagh-e-Afza

Bhutto and

businessmen relocating to

changes in political culture

city courts

Clifton district

and climate change

as divided city

ethnic groups in

as former capital of Pakistan

GDP

gun battles in

Hindus in

increased size and population

as industrial city

institutions

Syed Mustafa Kamal on

killing in

lack of skyscrapers

and Lahore

Lawyers’ Movement in

Mohajirs in

MQM and

Muslims in

Orangi Pilot Project

and Pakistan Taleban

Pakistani National Museum

Pathans in

police in

and possible national revolution

roads

society figures

Taleban and

transport

violence in

visit to JI HQ in

Zeinab Market

Karachi Bar Association

Karakoram Highway

Karamat, General Jehangir

Karbala

Kargil, battle of

Karim, Agha Irfan

Karnataka

Karzai, Hamid, administration

Kashmir

army’s obsession with

Z. A. Bhutto on

and central Punjab

earthquake

ISI and

Islamist extremists in

jihadi groups

Kashmiris in army

LeT and

Musharraf and

and Sharif family

struggle against India

Kayani, General Ashfaq

Khairpur

Khakwani family

Khalistan

Khan, A. Q.

Khan, Abdul Akbar

Khan, Abdul Ghaffar

Khan, Afzal

Khan, Akhtar Hamid

Khan, Azmat Hayat

Khan, Beyrouz

Khan, Sardar Daud

Khan, Fakhruddin

Khan, Ghulam Ishaq

Khan, Imran

Khan, Kamil

Khan, Malik Naveed

Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali

Khan, Rai Mohammed Akram

Khan, Sahabzada Yaqub

Khan, Tajuddin

Khan, Tazmir

Khan Sahib, Dr (Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan) khandan

khans (lords)

Kharan

khassadars (paramilitary police)

Khattak, Afrassiab

Khattak, Khushal Khan

Khayyam, Omar

Khidmat-e-Khalq Foundation

Khilafat (Caliphate) movement

Khojas

Khokar, Gul Hafeez

Khomeini, Ayatollah

Khosar tribe

Khoshk family and village

Khudai Khidmatgars (Red Shirts)

Khunda family

Khursheed Begum (mother of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto) Khurshid, Azem

Khwaja, Rizwan Qadir

Khyber Tribal Agency

Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa see North West Frontier Province kidnappings

Kidwai, Khalid

kinship system

and armed forces

in cities

and ‘feudal’ power

and ‘feudals’

and Islamist parties

leadership roles in

marriage and

and Mohajirs

and old families

and patronage

and pir families

and police

and political structure

and punishment by rape

in Punjab

strength of

and struggles for power

terms used

and urbanization

Kipling, John Lockwood

Kipling, Rudyard, Kim

kleptocracy

Kohlu

Koran

Jamaat and

on righteousness

Kot Diji

kshatriyas

Kunar

Kunduz

Lahore

Ashura festival

Badshahi mosque

Daily Times

Data Ganj Baksh shrine

Defence Housing Association

elite families on

film industry in (‘Lollywood’)

Fort

GDP

geography of

High Court Bar Association

Hira Mandi

IJI in

industries

and Islamist radical groups

JI HQ in

Jinnah Bagh (Lawrence Gardens)

Kashmiri families in

Minar-e-Pakistan

mosques

Museum

police academy, attack on

and possible national revolution

PPP in

race course board

saints’ shrines in

Shalamar gardens

Shia – Sunni relations in

shrines in

society figures

and Taleban

Taleban attacks in

transport

university

University of Management Sciences

violence by lawyers in

Lahore Resolution

land

division through inheritance

grants to retired military men

land-grant system

reform

Landi Khotal

landowners

in Multan

in Potwar region

in Punjab

see also ‘feudals’; waderos

langars

Langrial family

language riots

Larkana

Bhutto mausoleum

Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (LeJ)

Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT)

lashkars (independent militias)

Latif, Abdul

Lawyers’ Movement

Lebanon

Leghari, President Farook

Leghari tribe

Liaquat Ali Khan

Libya

loans, state

LOC (Line of Control)

Loe Agra

‘Lollywood’

London

Lop Nur

loyah jirga

Lucknow

Shia – Sunni relations in

Lyall, Sir Charles James

Lyon, Stephen

MacDonald, Major Henry

Machiavelli, Niccolò

Madni, Maulana Hussain Ahmad

Madras

madrasahs

female

Maghrib

Mahmood, Sultan Bashiruddin

Mahsoods

Mahsud, Beitullah

Mahsud, Hakimullah

Mahsud tribe

Mai, Mukhtar

Majeed, Chaudhry Abdul

Malakand

malangs

Malik, Iftikhar

Malik, Munir

maliks (Pathan tribal notables)

in Mohmand Agency

Mamasani tribe

Manchester, England

Mangal Dagh

Mangla

Manki Mullah

Mansehra

Mansuqa

Mansura

Manto, Saadat Hasan

Toba Tek Singh

Mao Zedong

Maoism

Marathas

Mardan

Marri, Balach

Marri, Khair Baksh

Marri, Mir Shahnawaz Khan

Marri tribe

marriage

arranged

between new and old families

multiple

outside tribe

of widows

within kinship groups

of young girls, as settlement of feuds (swara) martial law

Marwandi, Shaikh Syed Usman (Lal Shahbaz Qalandar) Masoud, Ahmed Shah

Masoud, Shireen

Mastoi tribe

Matheson, Sylvia, The Tigers of Balochistan Maududi, Syed Abu Ala

Mazar-e-Sharif

Mecca

Medina

Mehmood, Khalid

Mehmood, Makhdoom Ahmed

Memon (language)

Memons

Mengel tribe

Menon, Pervaiz

Merk, W. R. H.

Metcalf, Sir Thomas

Methodism

Mexico

Miangul dynasty

Miangundi

Mianwali

migration, mass

militant groups, anti-Shia

military coups

Mingora

Mir Ali Shah, Pir

Mir Chakar

miracles

Mirani, Attab Shaban

Mirpur Bhutto

mirs (rulers)

Mirza, President Iskandar

Mohajir Qaumi Mahaz (MQM)

administration

and ANP

headquarters

and industry

and Nizam-e-Adl

see also Mohajirs; Muttahida Qaumi Mahaz Mohajirs

Jamaat and

as middle class

and Nizam-e-Adl

and other ethnic groups

and Pathans

relations with Sindhis

in Sindh

urban tradition

see also Karachi, Mohajirs in; Mohajir Qaumi Mahaz (MQM) Mohamad Ali Jauhar, Maulana

Mohammed, Prophet

Mohammed bin Qasim

Moharram

Mohenjo Daro

Mohmand Tribal Agency

support for Taleban in

Mohsin, Moni, ‘Diary of a Social Butterfly’ column monsoons

Montgomery (Saliwal)

Moplahs

Morai, G. M.

Morocco

mosques

attacks on

see also Islamabad, Lal Masjid (Red Mosque), siege motorways

Mrattas

Mudassar

Mueenuddin, Daniyal (In Other Rooms, Other Wonders) Mughal empire

architecture

aristocrats

art

battle in Swat

fall of

gardens

and land-grant system

and Mrattas

as rulers of South Asia

and Sikhs

and Urdu

see also Akbar, Emperor

Mughals (tribe)

Muhammad Ishaq

Mujahidin

Afghan

jihad against Soviets

in Swat

Mujib-ur-Rehman, Sheikh

mullahs

attitudes to

as despised figures

dissident

and ‘feudals’

and local mosques

and Pathan tribal revolts

Taleban and

in Waziristan

Mullen, Admiral Mike

Multan

Bar Association

Broomfield Hall School

Chamber of Commerce

poverty in

Shia – Sunni relations in

shrine of Shah Rukn-e-Alam

shrine of Shah Yusuf Gardezi

Sunni-Shia relations

and Taleban

Multan Gazetteer

Mumbai (formerly Bombay)

terrorist attacks on

Muridke

murids (followers)

Musharraf, President Pervez

and Afghan Taleban

and Al Qaeda

and alcohol

and army

and Ataturk

attempt to assassinate

ban on terrorist groups

and Bhuttos

Nawab Bugti and

coup (1999)

criticisms of

and democracy

devolution programme

‘Devolution’ scheme

as dictator

and digital mapping project

and ‘disappeared’ people

economic policies

and education

‘Enlightened Moderation’ policy

Ghazi on

impeachment

and ISI

and JUI

and A. Q. Khan

as landowner

and Lawyers’ Movement

as liberal

and media

and military

and MMA

modernization programme

and MQM

and

and Pakistani Taleban

and PML(Q)

and police

on poor

and port of Gwadar

and Red Mosque siege

resignation

in retirement

sacking of NWFP judges

as secular reformer

Shahbaz Sharif on

and Sharif

and Sherpao

and Shia – Sunni relations

and Sindh

succession to

and Sufi Muhammad

and terrorism

and US

visit to Balochistan

Mushtaq (Peshawar police officer)

music, devotional

Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan-ul-Muslimeen) Muslim League (India)

Muslim League (pre-1958)

disintegration of

and Jinnah

origin

religious enthusiasm

in Sindh

and Unionist Party

see also Convention Muslim League; Pakistan Muslim League (PML(N)); Pakistan Muslim League (PML(Q)) Muslim Shariah Act (1937)