Pakistan: A Hard Country (90 page)

Communism

Afghan

fall of

hostility to

Congo

conspiracy theories

Convention Muslim League

corruption

in armed forces

as endemic in Pakistan

in legal system

in local government

in police

in politics

in religion

in Swat

crime

collective punishment for

Taleban involvement in

see also blood feuds; ‘honour killings’

Crusades

Curzon of Kedleston, George Nathaniel, Earl dacoits

Daghestan

Dalbandia

Damadola, US drone attack on

dams

construction

Dandi family

Dar-es-Salaam, Al Qaeda attack on US embassy Dari (dialect of Persian)

Data Ganj Baksh

Daudzai, Asif Iqbal

Defence Housing Associations

deg tradition

delays, legal

Delhi

sacked by Ahmed Shah Durrani

sacked by Nadir Shah

see also Red Fort

democracy (in Pakistan)

in 1990s

failure of

as irrelevant concept

Islamic hatred of

Jamaat and

JUI and

and justice

majoritarian

and military

Deobandi madrasahs

Deobandi tradition

Dera Bugti

dervishes

devanagri script

Dhaka

dictatorship

Din-i-Ilahi (Divine Faith)

Dir

Doroshkel

Dravidian language

drug abuse and trade

Taleban and

Dubai

Durand, Sir Mortimer

Durand Line

Durrani, Ahmed Shah

Durrani, General Mahmud Ali

Durrani (Abdali) dynasty of Afghanistan dynasties, political

East Bengalis

East India Company

East Pakistan (East Bengal, later Bangladesh) massacres (1971)

see also Bangladesh

ecology

changes in

degradation

disasters

economics

sanctions

Edhi, Abdus Sattar

Edhi Foundation

education, state

see also Pakistan, education

Egypt

Elahi, Saeed

elections

ANP and

in Balochistan

in FATA

ISI and

Jamaat boycott of

and kinship

local

and military

MQM boycotts of

national; (1937); (1970)

(1988); (2002); (2008); (2013 (next)(

in NWFP

party

promises

Punjabi

rigged

elites, elitism

in Punjab

westernization of

Elizabeth, Queen

Elphinstone, Sir Mountstuart

‘encounter killings’

energy corridors, project

English (language)

used in army

used in law courts

Ernst, Carl

European Union (EU)

Ewing, Katherine

executions

of Z. A. Bhutto

extrajudicial

fake

of women

extremism, Islamic

Fahim, Makhdoom Amin

Faisal, King of Saudi Arabia

Faisalabad

digital mapping project

founded as Lyallpur

GDP

as industrial city

literacy rate

as ‘Manchester of the East’

municipal government

and Taleban

University of

Faisalabad District

Faiz, Faiz Ahmed

families

attendance at births, marriages and funerals elite

joint extended

political

family planning

Farooqi, Maulana Zia-ur-Rehman

Fauji Foundation

Fazl-ur-Rehman, Maulana

Fazlullah, Maulana

as ‘Mullah FM’

FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Federal Security Force (FSF)

federalism

Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and army

and cross-border attacks

funerals of shahids

and Kashmir

Kurram Agency

literacy rate

militant activity in

military commanders in

mullahs in

Pakistani military intervention in and Pakistani Taleban

Pathan officials in

population

revolt in

social changes in

support for Taleban in

US drone attacks on

women’s rights in

see also Khyber Tribal Agency

feminism

‘feudals’ (rural landowners)

and armed forces

and Ayub’s land reform

Bhutto family and

influence of

and Jamaat

and Mullahs

and police

political families

and PPP government

in Punjab

and rulers

in Sindh

in southern Punjab

FIRs (First Information Reports)

First World War

FitzGerald, Edward

floods (summer 2010)

Fort Michni

France

and Algeria

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke

Frederick the Great, King of Prussia Freedman, Sir Lawrence

Friday Times (Lahore)

Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR)

Frontier Foundries

fundamentalism

Christian

Muslim

gahrbands (dams)

Gailani family of Afghanistan

Gakkhar

Galileo Galilei

gambling, ban on

Gandhara

Gandhi, Indira

Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (Mahatma) Gandhi, Rajiv

Gandhi, Sonia

gang rape as ‘punishment’

Ganges, river

Gardezi, Shah Yusuf

Gardezi family

Gaza, Israeli attack on

Gellner, Ernest

Geo TV

George V, King

Ghamkol Sharif

Ghana

Ghazi, Abdul Rashid

Ghazni

GHK (consultancy)

‘ghost schools’

Gilani, Arshad

Gilani, Syed Shahid

Gilani, Syed Yusuf Raza

Gilani family

Gini Co-efficient

Gohar, Bushra

Gojra

Gola tribe

Golra Sharif, madrasah

Government of India Act (1935)

Green Revolution

Greene, Graham

The Lawless Roads

Gujarat (India)

massacres

Gujarati (language)

Gujaratis

Gujjar Khan

Gujjars

Gujrat (city in Pakistan)

Gul, Dani

Gul, Gul Ahmed

Gul, General Hamid

Gul, Dr Shamim

Gul Yar

Gulf states

Gulfaraz

Gurkhas

Gwadar Port

Habibullah family

Habsburg empire

Hadda

Mullah of

hadiths

Hadood Ordinances

Haider, Taj

Haideri, Allama Ali Sher

Haji Sahib Taurangyi, Pir

Hamid, Syed Zaid

Hanafi Sunnis

Ul-Haq, Mansur

Ul-Haq, Mehboob

Haqqani clan

Haqqani, Jalaluddin

Hardy, Peter

Haroon, Sana

Haryani (language)

Hasan Baba, Pir

Hasan, Mubashir

Hasan, Syed Munawar

hashish

Hashmi, Makhdoom Javed

Hasina Wazed, Sheikh

Hasnia, Basharat

Hassan, Ali

Hassan, Sufi Muhammad

Hayat, Makhdoom Faisal Saleh

Hazaras

Hazrat Shah, Pir

Headley, David

Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin

heroin trade

Hezb-e-Islami

Himalayas

Hindi

Hindko language

Hinduism

caste system

conflict in Pakistan

domination of India

gods of

in India

and Indian independence

and Indian revolt

refugees from west Punjab

saddhus

and saints’ shrines

and Sikhs

in Sindh

and Tabligh

temples

and Unionist Party

Hindus

attacks on

converted to Christianity

in Faisalabad

nationalist

in Pakistan

Hindustani

scripts

Hizbul Mujahedin

Holbrooke, Richard

‘honour killings’

houses, demolition of

Hughes, Private William

hujras

hukumat

human resource networks

human rights abuses

Human Rights Commission

Human Rights Watch

Hume, David

Hurs

Husain, Syeda Abida

Hussain, Altaf (Pir Sahib)

Hyderabad

dynasties in

ethnic violence in

Folklore Museum

intellectuals in

Maududi and

Mohajirs and

Muslims in

Talpurs in

television channel in

University of Sindh

and use of Urdu

Ibbetson, Sir Denzil

Ibn Khaldun

Ibn-e-Amin

ideology, political

IDPs (Internally Displaced Persons) ijtehad (independent reasoning)

imams

Imtiaz Ahmed, Brigadier

India

Afghan invasion of

and Afghanistan

alleged support of Taleban

army

atrocities in

British legal code

British rule of see Britain, British Empire, Raj (rule of India) civil service

‘communal riots’

Congress Party

as democracy

economic achievements

economy

elections (1937)

fear of

film industry (‘Bollywood’)

Gujjar

Hindu domination of

hostility to

independence movement

insurgencies in

intelligence service; RAW (Research and Analysis Wing) judicial system

kinship system

militant and terrorist groups

Muslims in

National Congress

and Nehru/Gandhi dynasty

and Northern Alliance

nuclear programme

and nuclear race

and Pakistani political parties

Pakistani trade with

partition of

Pathans and

police

populist campaign

poverty

princely states

radical Islamists in

rebellions

revolt of 1857 see ‘Indian Mutiny’

sati

Sikh rebellion against

similarities to Pakistan

and Soviet Union

terrorist attack on Parliament

traditional legal codes

two-party balance

United States and

US and

villages as little republics

war with Pakistan (1965)

water storage

women, treatment of

see also Kashmir; United States of America, and India ‘Indian Mutiny’

Indian Ocean

Indian Police Act (1861)

Indus, river

valley of

Indus Valley civilization

industry

inheritance, rules of

intelligence services

see also CIA; Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI); Pakistan (earlier West Pakistan), intelligence services Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)

accused of terrorist attacks

and Afghan Taleban training camps

and elections

and Ghazi

and Haqqani

Kashmir strategy

and military

and Mujahidin

and Muslim League

political role

and PPP

and Taleban

terrorist links

and TNSM in Swat

intermarriage

International Development, Department of (UK) International Institute for Strategic Studies (ISS) Ipi, Fakir of

Iqbal, Ehsan

Iqbal, Hafiz Mohammed

Iqbal, Sir Muhammad

Iqraar Ahmed Khan, Professor

Iran (formerly Persia)

aid from

alleged support of Taleban

Baloch revolts in

and Balochistan

Balochs and

class system

energy resources

and heroin trade

and Islam

in late 1970s

and Muslim routes

nuclear programme

Pathans and

revolution

Saudi hostility to

and Shariah

Shias in

student from

US and

Iraq

army

insurgents

US invasion of

Ireland, tribalism in

Irfan, Rubina

irrigation systems

Ishaq, Shahir

Islam

and army

conversions to

extremism in

in India

and local religions

militant (Islamist) groups

modernizers

non-Pathan Islamists

old and new forms

and Pakistani nationalism

Pathans and

in Punjab

resistance to Western power

and revolution

in Sindh

in South Asia

spread in South Asia by saints

as state religion

and women

see also Muslims; Qureishis; Sayyids ‘Islam in danger’ slogan

Islamabad

as capital and seat of government

compared with Lahore

Indian embassy

Lal Masjid (Red Mosque) siege

Marriott Hotel attack

massage parlours in

mosques

national parliament

population growth in

saints’ shrines

terrorist attacks in

and water crisis

Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI)

Islami Jamiat Talaba (IJI)

Islamic Courts’ Movement

Islamist Justice party (Turkey)

Israel

alleged support of Taleban

attack on Gaza

hostility to

and

Italy

izzat (honour or prestige)

Jabbar, Javed

Jafri, Maqsood, The Ideals of Bhutto Jahangir, Asma

Jahanzeb, Miangul

Jain, M.

Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM)

Jalal, Ayesha

Jalalabad

Jalozai displaced persons’ camp

Jamaat Islami (JI)

and Afghan jihad

and Deobandi tradition

disdain of masses

and elections

Ghazi and

hostility to pir families

HQ in Lahore

ideology

and Islam

and JUI

in Lahore

and media

as middle-class organization