Myths and Legends of the Celts (Penguin Reference) (42 page)

Cult partner of Nantosuelta, Sucellus, ‘the good striker’, was worshipped in Gaul and Britain. Opinion is divided about the hammer always seen in his hand: perhaps a weapon, cooper’s tool, fencing instrument, wand or sceptre.

12. T
HE
G
ODDESS
E
PONA

Epona, whose name means ‘horse’, was the focal point of one of the most widespread cults that ranged from what is now Britain to Serbia, through Rome to North Africa. She also appears in Apuleius’ Latin proto-novel
Metamorphoses
, III, 27 (second century
AD
)

13. T
HE
U
FFINGTON
H
ORSE

At 365 feet (112 metres), the horse was cut through turf to underlying chalk. The graceful design resembles horses found on pre-Roman British coins. Often thought to depict Epona, the horse was actually more likely to have been constructed before her cult came to Britain.

14. M
INIATURE
W
AGON FROM
M
ÉRIDA

This charming miniature from pre-Roman Spain foreshadows the boars of Irish and Welsh literature, such as Twrch Twryth hunted by Culwch or the unnamed boar pursued by Fionn and Diarmait. Mérida was later the Roman capital of Iberia.

15. S
HEELA
-N
A
-G
IGS IN
K
ILPECK

The meaning of these outwardly obscene figures is much contended: were they cautions against lust or patronesses of fertility? Their Hiberno-English name is of no help: it means ‘Sheila of the breasts’, but the figure’s breasts are not prominent.

16. H
EADS AT
E
NTREMONT

Evidence of the darker side of the early Celts survives at Entremont in Provence, where a shrine from the second century
BC
displays human heads plus models of heads. The heads of heroes were thought to possess talismanic powers.

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