James Madison: A Life Reconsidered (68 page)

11
. Henry Adams,
John Randolph,
202; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
402–8, 455–56; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:476;
Liberty and Order,
292–93, “Articles of Impeachment,” Nov. 30, 1804.

12
. John Quincy Adams,
Memoirs,
1:359, Feb. 27, 1805.

13
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
463; John Quincy Adams,
Memoirs,
1:365, March 1, 1805;
PMS,
9:416, to an unidentified correspondent, May 29, 1805.

14
. Malone,
Jefferson,
4:481–82; Risjord,
Old Republicans,
42.

15
. Ketcham,
Madison,
436.

16
.
PDM,
to Cutts, June 4 and July 8, 1805.

17
.
PDM,
to Cutts, July 29, 1805; De Coppet Collection, Madison to Delaplaine, memo, Sept. 1816;
PMC,
11:101–2, to Alexander Hamilton and Rufus King, June 9, 1788; 11:102, to Tench Coxe, June 11, 1788; 13:292, to Madison Sr., Aug. 14, 1790; 14:39, to Jefferson, July 1, 1791;
PMS,
1:394, to Wilson Cary Nicholas, July 10, 1801.

18
.
PDM,
to Mary Morris, Aug. 20, 1805.

19
.
PDM,
to Cutts, Aug. 19, 1805.

20
.
PMS,
9:356, from Monroe, May 16, 1805; Brant,
Madison,
4:266; Malone,
Jefferson,
5:57;
PMS,
8:191–92, from John Armstrong, Oct. 20, 1804; Plumer,
Memorandum,
208, 383;
PDM,
to Cutts, June 4, 1805.

21
.
Republic of Letters,
3:1375, 1376, 1378, Jefferson to Madison, Aug. 4, 7, and 17, 1805; 3:1380, Madison to Jefferson, Aug. 20, 1805; 3:1382, 1391, Jefferson to Madison, Aug. 27 and Oct. 11, 1805; Malone,
Jefferson,
5:58.

22
. Ketcham,
Madison,
443; Malone,
Jefferson,
5:99; Jefferson,
Writings,
8:419, to the comte de Volney, Feb. 11, 1806.

23
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
696.

24
.
PDM,
to James Madison, Oct. 23, 1805.

25
.
PDM,
from James Madison, Oct. 31, 1805; to James Madison, Oct. 30, 1805.

26
.
PDM,
to James Madison, Nov. 1, 1805.

27
.
PDM,
from James Madison, Nov. 6, 1805; to James Madison, Nov. 12, 1805.

28
. LC-TJ, to Thomas Lomax, Jan. 11, 1806; Monroe,
Writings,
4:358–63, to Madison, Oct. 18, 1805.

29
. Malone,
Jefferson,
5:104;
Annals,
9th Cong., 1st sess., 561, March 5, 1806.

30
. Smith Family Papers, Letter 13, March 5, 1806;
Annals,
9th Cong., 1st sess., 600, March 6, 1806; Plumer,
Memorandum,
444.

31
.
Annals,
9th Cong., 1st sess., 563, 571, March 5, 1806; Breckinridge Family Papers, John Breckinridge to Mary Breckinridge, Jan. 26, 1806.

32
.
Annals,
9th Cong., 1st sess., 851, March 26, 1806.

33
. Smith Family Papers, Letter 13, March 5, 1806; Malone,
Jefferson,
5:112, 149n8; LC-TJ, to Monroe, March 16 and 18, 1806.

34
. Beckley Papers, to James Monroe, July 13, 1806; Malone,
Jefferson,
5:153.

35
. Malone,
Jefferson,
5:199; Isenberg,
Fallen Founder,
292, 312; Plumer,
Memorandum,
515.

36
. Jean Edward Smith,
John Marshall,
353; Thomas Jefferson, “Special Message to Congress on the Burr Conspiracy,” Jan. 22, 1807, Miller Center, http://millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail/3497; Newmyer,
Treason Trial of Aaron Burr,
30–31; Plumer,
Memorandum,
584; Isenberg,
Fallen Founder,
289–90; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
576, 757–69.

37
. Beveridge,
Life of John Marshall,
3:376; LC-JM, from Harry Toulmin, April 14, 1807;
Republic of Letters,
3:1466–67, 1471, Jefferson to Madison, April 14 and 25, 1807.

38
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
908, 923; Robertson,
Reports of the Trials of Colonel Aaron Burr,
2:64.

39
. Malone,
Jefferson,
5:337; Robertson,
Reports of the Trials of Colonel Aaron Burr,
2:445–46.

40
. Malone,
Jefferson,
5:339; Robertson,
Reports of the Trials of Colonel Aaron Burr,
1:128; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
912–15.

41
. UVA, Papers of James Madison Project, Armstrong to Madison, Oct. 10, 1806.

42
.
Republic of Letters,
2:1343, Madison to Jefferson, Aug. 28, 1804; Foreign Copying Project, Great Britain, vol. 52, Erskine to Lord Howick, March 6, 1807; Brant,
Madison,
4:374–75.

43
.
PDM,
to Cutts, March 27, 1807;
Republic of Letters,
3:1464, Jefferson to Madison, Feb. 1, 1807; John Quincy Adams,
Memoirs,
1:465–66.

44
. Ammon,
James Monroe,
265–67; Jefferson,
Writings,
10:374–76, to Monroe, March 21, 1807; LC-JM, to Monroe, March 20, 1807.

45
. Toll,
Six Frigates,
289.

46
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
934–37; Toll,
Six Frigates,
294–96.

47
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
939–42; Toll,
Six Frigates,
296–98.

48
. Gordon S. Wood,
Empire of Liberty,
629–30; Jefferson,
Works,
10:454, to James Bowdoin, July 10, 1807; Brant,
Madison,
4:381–82; Jefferson,
Works,
10:447–48n1, “
Chesapeake
Proclamation,” July 2, 1807.

49
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
948;
Brant,
Madison,
4:382–83.

50
. Brant,
Madison,
4:388.

51
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
1040–41.

52
. Malone,
Jefferson,
5:483; Brant,
Madison,
4:402–3;
National Intelligencer,
Dec. 23, 1807.

53
.
National Intelligencer,
Dec. 25 and 28, 1807.

54
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
1028; Plumer,
Memorandum,
527.

55
. Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 71–72.

56
. Mitchill, “Dr. Mitchill’s Letters from Washington,” 752, to Mrs. Mitchill, Nov. 23, 1807; Brant,
Madison,
4:420; LC-JM, from Nicholas Voss, March 20, 1806; John Quincy Adams,
Memoirs,
1:420, March 13, 1806.

57
. Plumer Papers, from Jeremiah Smith, Jan. 28, 1804; to Smith, Feb. 10, 1804; to Jeremiah Mason, Feb. 15, 1804.

58
. Pickering Papers, from Richard Peters, Jan. 9, 1804.

59
. Mitchill, “Dr. Mitchill’s Letters from Washington,” 753, to Mrs. Mitchill, April 1, 1808; Bruce,
John Randolph of Roanoke,
1:337; Pickering Papers, from Peters, Jan. 9, 1804; Allgor,
Perfect Union,
116–17.

60
. Ammon,
James Monroe,
273; Brant,
Madison,
4:428–29; Kennedy,
Memoirs of the Life of William Wirt,
1:238.

61
. Kennedy,
Memoirs of the Life of William Wirt,
241–47;
Richmond Enquirer,
March 29, 1808.

62
. Brant,
Madison,
4:443–45; Rives Papers, George Tucker, untitled memoir of James Madison.

63
. Brant,
Madison,
4:427.

64
. Ibid., 426, 430–31; Plumer,
Memorandum,
635; Madison,
Writings,
8:5, “Negotiations with Mr. Rose,” Feb. 14, 1808; 8:18, to William Pinkney, Feb. 19, 1808; Brant,
Madison,
4:440;
Farmers’ Register,
reprinted in
American Citizen,
Aug. 15, 1808; George B. Wood,
Treatise on Therapeutics and Pharmacology,
1:551.

65
. Toll,
Six Frigates,
310–11; Malone,
Jefferson,
5:609;
Republic of Letters,
3:1542, Madison to Jefferson, Sept. 14, 1808.

66
. Gallatin,
Writings,
1:368, to Jefferson, Dec. 18, 1807; Malone,
Jefferson,
5:583–86; Gordon S. Wood,
Empire of Liberty,
655.

67
. LC-JM, from Pinckney, Jan. 2, 1809; from the Reverend James Madison, Feb. 8, 1809.

68
. Malone,
Jefferson,
5:622; Jefferson,
Writings,
11:195, to Levi Lincoln, Nov. 13, 1808;
Republic of Letters,
3:1557–58, Madison and Gallatin to Jefferson, Nov. 15, 1808.

69
. Buel,
America on the Brink,
74–75, 82–84; LC-TJ, to Joseph C. Cabell, Feb. 2, 1816.

70
. LC-JM, to Nicholas, Feb. 6, 1809; Nicholas Papers, from Madison, n.d.

Chapter 15:
M
R.
P
RESIDENT

1
. Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
59;
PMP,
1:16–18, “First Inaugural Address,” March 4, 1809.

2
. Brant,
Madison,
5:13; LC-JM, from Robert R. Livingston, Jan. 24, 1809; Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
58; Hunt, “First Inauguration Ball,” 757.

3
. Hunt, “First Inauguration Ball,” 756.

4
. Ibid.; Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
61–62; Few, “Diary,” 352.

5
. Hunt, “First Inauguration Ball,” 757; Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
61–63.

6
. Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
61; Hunt, “First Inauguration Ball
,”
758; Brant,
Madison,
5:23–25.

7
. Brant,
Madison,
5:40–41, 48–49;
PMP,
1:125–26, “Presidential Proclamation,” April 19, 1809.

8
.
National Intelligencer—Extra,
April 19, 1809; Carey,
Olive Branch,
176.

9
. Brant,
Madison,
5:31; Seale,
President’s House,
1:123–27.

10
. Seale,
President’s House,
1:128–30.

11
. Dick Journal, June 1809.

12
. Henry Adams,
Madison,
59;
PMP,
1:262, to Jefferson, June 20, 1809.

13
. Green and Miller,
Building a President’s House,
20–22.

14
. Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
81–82.

15
.
PMP,
1:262, to Jefferson, June 20, 1809; Henry Adams,
Madison,
81–82;
ASP-FR,
3:300, Canning to Erskine, Jan. 23, 1809;
PMP,
1:317, to Jefferson, Aug. 3, 1809.

16
.
PMP,
1:316, from Robert Smith, July 31, 1809; Brant,
Madison,
5:76.

17
.
PMP,
1:358, from Rodney, Sept. 6, 1809.

18
. George Jackson,
Bath Archives,
1:20–21, to Mrs. Jackson, Oct. 7, 1809.

19
. Henry Adams,
Madison,
89–91;
ASP-FR,
3:309, Jackson to Smith, Oct. 11, 1809.

20
. George Jackson,
Bath Archives,
1:26, to George Jackson, Oct. 24, 1809;
ASP-FR,
3:311–12, Smith to Jackson, Oct. 19, 1809.

21
.
ASP-FR,
3:315, Jackson to Smith, Oct. 23, 1809; 3:317, Smith to Jackson, Nov. 1, 1809; 3:317–18, Jackson to Smith, Nov. 4, 1809; 3:319, Smith to Jackson, Nov. 8, 1809.

22
.
National Intelligencer,
Nov. 13 and 22, 1809; George Jackson,
Bath Archives,
1:44–45, to G. Jackson, Nov. 14 and 15, 1809; Henry Adams,
Madison,
95.

23
. Henry Adams,
Madison,
153, 112–13; Brant,
Madison,
5:108; Story Correspondence, from Bacon, Nov. 27, 1809.

24
.
PMP,
2:150–51 and nn1–3, from Isaac A. Coles, Dec. 29, 1809;
Annals,
11th Cong., 2nd sess., 685, Nov. 30, 1809.

25
.
PMP,
2:151n1, 539, from John G. Jackson, Sept. 13, 1810; Brown,
Voice of the New West,
86–87, 90–92.

26
.
PMP,
2:158, to Congress, Jan. 3, 1810;
Annals,
11th Cong., 2nd sess., 1158, Jan. 6, 1810.

27
.
Annals,
11th Cong., 2nd sess., 1611–12, 1863, March 22 and April 16, 1810 (italics added).

28
. Ibid., 1864, April 16, 1810;
PMP,
2:321, to Jefferson, April 23, 1810.

29
.
PMP,
2:348, to Pinkney, May 23, 1810.

30
. Risjord,
Old Republicans,
106; Henry Adams,
Madison,
387;
ASP-FR,
3:387, duc de Cadore to Armstrong, Aug. 5, 1810; Stagg,
Mr. Madison’s War,
55.

31
.
PMP,
2:565, to Rodney, Sept. 30, 1810; 2:585, 388, to Jefferson, Oct. 19 and June 22, 1810; Ketcham,
Madison,
508.

32
.
PMC,
15:518, “Political Observations,” April 20, 1795.

33
. Henry Adams,
Madison,
244–45; Brant,
Madison,
5:263; Malone,
Jefferson,
6:90.

34
.
PMP,
2:595–96, “Presidential Proclamation,” Oct. 27, 1810.

35
.
PMP,
2:585, to Jefferson, Oct. 19, 1810.

36
. Stagg,
Borderlines in Borderlands,
76–79; “The Censure Case of Timothy Pickering of Massachusetts,” U.S. Senate, http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/censure_cases/010_TimothyPickering.htm.