Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815 (138 page)

and the War of 1812,
661

and western settlement,
115
,
120
,
318

and the Whiskey Rebellion,
136
,
137

Kentucky Resolution,
270
,
427
,
447

Key, Francis Scott,
691

King, Rufus: and the federal judiciary,
414
–15,
434

and the First Congress,
57

and the French Wars,
187

and military power,
265

and slavery,
534

and social changes,
702

and the three-fifths clause,
532

King Philip’s War,
516

Kingston,
684
–85

Knox, Henry: and class divisions,
233
–34

and military power,
266

and monarchical republicanism,
54

and Native Americans,
123
n56,
126
–27;
133
,
397

and personal finances,
233
,
234

and social changes,
496

and standing armies,
111

and the War Department,
91

and Washington’s inauguration,
65

and western settlement,
119

Knox, Lucy,
496

Krimmel, John Lewis,
572

labor: and American

manufacturing,
703
,
704
–5

and class divisions,
350
,
353

labor costs,
728
–29

and market economics,
324
,
324
n23

and social equality,
348
–53

Lafayette, Gilbert du Motier, marquis de,
176
,
180
,
700

Lafitte, Jean,
695
–96

Lake Champlain,
653
,
689
,
690

Lake Ontario,
685

Lamb, John,
21
,
28
,
35

lame-duck sessions of Congress,
419

Land Ordinance of 1785,
116

land speculation: availability of land,
318
,
626

and land office,
86

and the Louisiana Purchase,
370
–71

and Native American policy,
128

and social structure,
45

and the Treaty of San Lorenzo,
201

and the War of 1812,
676

and western settlement,
114
–23,
359
,
364

Langdon, John,
158
,
211
–12

language,
40
,
48
–49

Latrobe, Benjamin,
290
,
332
–33,
390
,
555
,
560
,
563

Laurens, Henry,
26
,
118
,
521

lawyers,
402
–4

Lear, Tobias,
639

Leclerc, Charles (comte de Buffon),
149
,
368
,
386
–88,
391
–94,
397

Lectures on Art
(Coleridge),
574

“Lectures on Law” (Wilson),
451
–52

Ledyard, John,
376

Lee, Ann,
598
,
601

Lee, Arthur,
5

Lee, Harry,
175

Lee, Henry “Light Horse Harry,”
338

Lee, Richard Bland,
142

Lee, Richard Henry,
35
,
51
,
57
,
64
,
121

Lee, Robert E.,
338

Leffingwell, Christopher,
349
–50

the Legion,
130
–31

legislative sovereignty,
406
–8

legislature.
See
state legislatures; U.S. Congress; U.S. House of Representatives; U.S. Senate

Leib, Michael,
426
–27,
429

Leland, John,
393
,
452

L’Enfant, Pierre-Charles,
56
–57,
79
–80,
289

Leopard-Chesapeake
affair,
647
–48,
681
n
47

Letter from Alexander Hamilton
,
Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. President of the United States
(Hamilton),
274
–75

Letters from an American Farmer
(Crèvecoeur),
39

Letters to His Son
(Chesterfield),
716
–17

Levy, Moses,
429
–30

Lewis, Daniel,
331

Lewis, Meriwether,
377
–78

Lewis, Morgan,
331

Lewis and Clark expedition,
360
,
376
–82,
556

lex talionis
,
493

Lexington, Kentucky,
104

libel,
256
–57,
257
n45,
309
–12,
310
n102,
418
,
726

liberalism,
11
,
20

liberty,
46

liberty poles,
261
–62

Library Company,
143

Life of George Washington
(Marshall),
565
–66

Lincoln, Benjamin,
127
–28

Lincoln, Benjamin, Jr.,
189

Lingan, James N.,
338

liquor,
339
,
398

Litchfield Female Academy,
326

Literary and Philosophical Society of New York,
723

literature,
565
–67

Little Sarah
(British brig),
187

Little Turtle,
129

livestock,
359
,
387

Livingston, Robert R.: and the Alien and Sedition Acts,
250

and the arts,
568

and canals,
483

and class divisions,
36

and the Constitution,
34

and the Louisiana Purchase,
368
–69,
371
,
374

and political patronage,
109

and presidential elections,
212

and slavery,
517

and state legislatures,
17

and Washington inauguration,
64
–65

Livingston, William,
20

Lloyd, James,
297

lobbyists,
289

Locke, John,
42
,
470
,
493
,
577

Logan, Benjamin,
186

Logan, George,
247

logrolling,
329
–30

Lolo Pass,
380

London Peace Society,
696

long-staple cotton,
528

Louis XIV, King of France,
6

Louis XVI, King of France,
176
,
177
,
191
,
256
,
391
,
620

Louis XVIII, King of France,
273

Louisiana: and boundary disputes,
374

and conflict with France,
265

and electoral representation,
530

and Louisiana Purchase,
298
,
360
,
368
–74

and the Pike expedition,
382

and religion,
593

and slavery,
201
,
368
,
529
,
534

Spanish control,
113

and statehood,
373
–74,
529
,
701

and suffrage,
330

Louisiana Gazette
,
529

L’Ouverture, Toussaint,
201
,
368
,
533
–34,
537

Lowcountry Carolina,
509
–14,
527
–28

Lower Canada,
676
,
677

Lowndes, Rawlins,
74
–75

Lowndes, William,
702

Lutherans,
337

luxury goods,
324
,
628

lyceum movement,
476

Lyon, Matthew: and class divisions,
217
,
227
–30,
234
,
351

on Federal City,
289

and honor codes,
236

and newspapers,
253
,
258

and religion,
594

and the Sedition Act,
262

Lyrical Ballads
(Wordsworth),
574

Macaulay, Catherine,
44

Macdonough, Thomas,
690

Machiavelli, Niccolò,
8

machine politics,
282

Mackenzie, Alexander,
376
–77

Maclay, William: and Adams,
83

and Bank of the United States,
144

and excise taxes,
135

and federal patronage,
108
–9

and the First Congress,
63

and the French Revolution,
174
,
176

and Hamilton,
92

and monarchical power,
81
,
84

and presidential powers,
89

and Washington,
64
–65,
77

Macon, Nathaniel,
161
,
289
,
422
–23,
665
,
672

Macon Bill,
665
–66

Madison, Dolley Payne,
78
,
663
,
691

Madison, James: and Anti-Federalists,
140

and the Baltimore riots,
338

and banking,
144
,
294
,
295

and the Barbary Wars,
634

and the Bill of Rights,
67
–71

and class divisions,
223

and conflicts with France,
240

and the Constitution,
16
,
31
–34

and corporate charters,
461
n78

and democracy,
718

and Democratic-Republican Societies,
204

and the 1804 election,
313

and the Embargo Act,
651
–52,
654
,
657
,
658

and excise taxes,
135

and executive power,
85
,
88
,
140
–41,
196
–97,
246

and the federal judiciary,
417

and the First Congress,
55
,
57
,
58
,
60
–62

and the French Revolution,
175

and the French Wars,
182
–85,
187

and Hamilton,
90
–91,
153
,
155
,
632

and international commerce,
192
–94,
199
,
626
,
630
,
640

and Jefferson,
147
–50,
153
,
155

and judicial review,
440
–41,
444
–47,
455
–56

and legal reforms,
405

and the Louisiana Purchase,
369

and Madison,
662
–64

marriage,
78

and the Mazzei letter,
235
–36

and military power,
133

and monarchism,
75
–76

and monetary policy,
19

and national capital plans,
142

and Native Americans,
398

and negotiations with France,
240
,
242

and newspapers,
251
,
258

and the Non-Intercourse Act,
664

and North-South tensions,
146

and nullification,
269
–70,
271

and patronage,
300

and piracy,
636

and political parties,
161
,
222

and population growth,
318

and public debt,
145