Churchill's Empire: The World That Made Him and the World He Made (59 page)

65
J. E. C. Welldon, ‘The Imperial Aspects of Education’ (paper delivered on 14 May 1895),
Proceedings of the Royal Colonial Institute
, 26 (1894–5), pp. 322–39, at 333.

66
Ibid., pp. 325, 333.

67
Notably Reginald Bosworth Smith, who campaigned against British withdrawal from Uganda, for which he was praised by Welldon in front of the school. Churchill drew Bosworth Smith’s activities to Lord Randolph’s attention. R. Bosworth Smith, ‘The Continuity Of Moral Policy’ (letter to the editor),
The Times
, 25 Oct. 1892; WSC to Lord Randolph, 5 Nov. 1892, CV I, part 1, p. 346; ‘Lecture by Mr H. M. Stanley’,
Harrovian
, 17 Nov. 1892.

68
‘The Oldham Election’,
Manchester Guardian
, 28 June 1899.

69
Jim Golland,
Not Winston, Just William? Winston Churchill at Harrow School
, The Herga Press, Harrow, 1988, p. 13; Robert Somervell,
Chapters of Autobiography
, Faber & Faber, London, 1935, p. 103.

70
WSC, ‘Influenza’, 1890, quoted in Golland,
Not Winston, Just William?
, pp. 11–12.

71
Churchill’s history notebook, c. 1892, Churchill Papers, CHAR 1/11. This may have been singled out for preservation because it describes, amongst other things, the military exploits of his ancestor, the first Duke of Marlborough.

72
J. E. C. Welldon,
Forty Years On: Light and Shadows (A Bishop’s Reflections on Life)
, Ivor Nicolson & Watson, London, 1935, p. 120.

73
WSC to Lord Randolph Churchill, [30 March 1892], CV I, part 1, p. 329; ‘Lecture by Mr H. M. Stanley’,
Harrovian
, 17 Nov. 1892.

74
‘The Toryism of Tomorrow: An interview with Lord Randolph Churchill’,
Pall Mall Gazette
, 27 Nov. 1884, in Foster,
Lord Randolph Churchill
, p. 407.

75
WSC to Lady Randolph Churchill, 6 April 1897, CV I, part 1, p. 751. See also WSC to Bourke Cockran, 12 April [1896], in Michael McMenamin and Curt J. Zoller,
Becoming Winston Churchill: The Untold Story of Young Winston and His American Mentor
, Greenwood World Publishing, Oxford/Westport, CT, 2007, p. 87, and, for the 1920s, Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, 5th Series, vol. 149, 15 Dec. 1921, cols. 181–2.

76
WSC’s speech of 16 Aug. 1929, in David Dilks,
‘The Great Dominion’: Winston Churchill in Canada, 1900–1954
, Thomas Allen, Toronto, 2005, p. 75. See also WSC,
My Early Life
, p. 56.

77
J. E. C. Welldon to Harcourt Butler, 27 June 1923, Harcourt Butler Papers, MS Eur. F11/27.

78
William D. Rubinstein, ‘The Secret of Leopold Amery’,
Historical Research
, 73 (2000), pp. 175–96.

79
Amery,
My Political Life
, vol. I, p. 35.

80
WSC,
My Early Life
, p. 32.

81
WSC to Lord Curzon, 3 June 1901, Lord Curzon Papers, MS Eur. F111/272.

82
His obituarist, in drawing attention to this devotion, stated that it was ‘of the Pickwick-Sam Weller type’: ‘Bishop Welldon: A Great Personality’,
The Times
, 19 June 1937.

83
J. A. Mangan, ‘ “The grit of our forefathers”: Invented Traditions, Propaganda and Imperialism’, in MacKenzie,
Imperialism
, pp. 115–39, at 121; David Gilmour,
Curzon
, John Murray, London, 1994, pp. 170–1, 207.

84
WSC to J. E. C. Welldon, 16 Dec. 1896, CV I, part 2, p. 714.

85
Welldon to Harcourt Butler, 27 June 1923 and 2 Jan. 1924, Harcourt Butler Papers, MS Eur. F11/27.

86
Welldon to Maud Hoare, 10 May 1935, Templewood Papers, Anderson Collection, File 9.

87
M. Philips Price,
My Three Revolutions
, George Allen & Unwin, London, 1969, p. 289.

88
Douglas S. Russell,
Winston Churchill: Soldier
, Conway, London, 2006 (first published 2005), p. 44.

89
WSC,
My Early Life
, p. 58.

90
For example ‘Kaffir’, WSC to Jack Churchill, [11 July 1891], CV I, part 1, p. 257.

91
WSC to Lady Randolph, 19 Oct. [1893], ibid., p. 592.

92
Penny Summerfield, ‘Patriotism and Empire: Music-Hall Entertainment, 1870–1914’, in MacKenzie,
Imperialism
, pp. 17–48, at 29.

93
WSC to Lady Randolph, 2 March 1899, CV I, part 2, p. 1012.

94
WSC,
My Early Life
, p. 96.

95
WSC, ‘The Insurrection in Cuba’,
Daily Graphic
, 13 Jan. 1896, CV I, part 1, pp. 616–17.

96
McMenamin and Zoller,
Becoming Winston Churchill
, pp. 83–7.

97
WSC,
My Early Life
, p. 94.

98
George R. Aberigh-Mackay,
Twenty-One Days in India or The Tour of Sir Ali Baba K.C.B.
, W. Thacker & Co., London, 1910 (first published 1880), pp. 3–4, 41.

99
WSC to William Phillips, 15 Dec. 1942, in William Phillips,
Ventures in Diplomacy
, John Murray, London, 1955, p. 221.

100
George Chesney,
Indian Polity: A View of the System of Administration in India
, Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1868, p. 212. Churchill cited the book in
The Story of the Malakand Field Force
, p. 160.

101
Golland,
Not Winston
, p. 8; Russell,
Winston Churchill
, p. 19.

102
Lord Ismay,
The Memoirs of Lord Ismay
, Heinemann, London, 1960, pp. 15–16.

103
The serialization was published in book form as
The Happy Warrior
, Hulton Press, London, 1958. See also John Marsh,
The Young Winston Churchill
, Evans Brothers Ltd, 1955, to which Leo Amery provided the foreword.

104
Constance Leslie to H. Rider Haggard, 11 Feb. 1888, and WSC to Haggard, n.d., Churchill Papers CHAR 1/178/59–60.

105
WSC,
Story of the Malakand Field Force
, p. 144.

106
WSC to Lady Randolph, 2 March 1899, CV I, part 2, p. 1013.

107
Rudyard Kipling to Max Aitken, 15 Jan. 1914, in Thomas Pinney (ed.),
The Letters of Rudyard Kipling
, vol. IV:
1911–19
, Macmillan, Basingstoke, 1999, p. 218.

108
Rudyard Kipling to George Saintsbury, 23 Dec. 1922, in Thomas Pinney (ed.),
The Letters of Rudyard Kipling
, vol. V:
1920–30
, Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2004, p. 134.

109
Speech of 17 Nov. 1937.

110
Kipling to George Bambridge, 14 Feb. 1935, in Thomas Pinney (ed.),
The Letters of Rudyard Kipling
, vol. VI:
1931–36
, Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2004, p. 333.

111
Kipling to Bambridge, 26–27 Feb. 1935, ibid., p. 340.

112
Speech of 17 Nov. 1937.

113
WSC to Lady Randolph, 14 Oct. [1896], CV I, part 2, p. 688.

114
WSC,
My Early Life
, p. 119.

115
J. Moray Brown and T. F. Dale,
The Badminton Library of Sports and Pastimes: Polo
(1901), pp. 254–5, quoted in Patrick F. McDevitt,
May the Best Man Win: Sport, Masculinity, and Nationalism in Great Britain and the Empire, 1880–1935
, Macmillan, New York, 2004, p. 39.

116
McDevitt,
May the Best Man Win
, ch. 3.

117
WSC,
Story of the Malakand Field Force
, p. 160.

118
WSC to Lady Randolph, 31 Aug. [1895], CV I, part 1, p. 585.

119
Roland Quinault, ‘Winston Churchill and Gibbon’, in R. McKitterick and R. Quinault (eds.),
Edward Gibbon and Empire
, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1997, pp. 317–32. Quotation at 332.

120
Lord Macaulay,
Critical and Historical Essays
, vol. II, Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1866, p. 185.

121
WSC,
Story of the Malakand Field Force
, p.3.

122
Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, 5th Series, vol. 131, 8 July 1920, col. 173.

123
Paul Addison,
Churchill on the Home Front, 1900–1955
, Pimlico, London, 1993, p. 10.

124
Winwood Reade,
The Martyrdom of Man
, Watts & Co., London, 1934 (first published 1872), p. 431.

125
David. C. Smith,
H. G. Wells: Desperately Mortal: A Biography
, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1986, pp. 14–15.

126
WSC,
My Early Life
, p. 129; Joseph Spence, ‘Lecky, (William) Edward Hartpole (1838–1903)’,
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, 2009.

127
Paul Addison, ‘Destiny, History and Providence: The Religion of Winston Churchill’, in Michael Bentley (ed.),
Private and Public Doctrine: Essays in British History Presented to Maurice Cowling
, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1993, pp. 236–50; Philip Williamson, ‘Christian Conservatives and the Totalitarian Challenge, 1933–40’,
English Historical Review
, 115 (2000), pp. 607–42.