Brothers in Arms (96 page)

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Authors: Odd Arne Westad

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Page 281
27 For a more detailed discussion of the relationship between Chinese and North Korean Communists prior to the Korean War, see ibid., 106-13.
28. For a discussion, see Chen Jian, "Why and How China Entered the Korean War: In Light of New Evidence," paper prepared for an international conference entitled "The Korean War: An Assessment of the Historical Record," July 24-25, 1995, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., 10-12.
29. For a more detailed discussion, see Chen Jian,
China's Road to the Korean War,
87-8.
30. See ibid., pp. 110-11; see also Bruce Cumings,
The Origins of the Korean War
(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990), vol. 2, 363.
31. Xiao Jinguang,
Xiao Jinguang huiyilu
[Xiao Jinguang's memoirs] (Beijing: Jiexangjun, 1990), vol. 2, 8, 26.
32. Mao Zedong to Nie Rongzhen, July 7, 1950,
Jianguo yilai Mao Zedong wengao,
vol. 1, 428; Han Huanzhi and Tai Jinqiao et al.,
Dangdai zhongguo jundui de junshi gongzuo
[Military affairs of contemporary Chinese armed forces] (Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue, 1988), vol. 1, 449-50.
33. Chen Jian,
China's Road to the Korean War,
137.
34. Telegram, Mao Zedong to Gao Gang, August 18, 1950,
Jianguo yilai Mao Zedong wengao,
vol. 1,499; see also telegram, Mao Zedong to Gao Gang, August 5, 1950, ibid., 454.
35. Telegram, Stalin to Soviet Ambassador in Beijing (N. V. Roshchin) with message for Zhou Enlai, July 5, 1950,
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 43.
36. See Chen Jian,
China's Road to the Korea War,
156; see also telegram, Filippov (Stalin) to Zhou Enlai, August 27, 1950,
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 45.
37. Telegram, Stalin to Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, October 1, 1950; see
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 114. Stalin dispatched this telegram after the UN forces crossed the thirty-eighth parallel and Kim Il Sung requested direct Soviet and Chinese intervention in the war.

 

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Page 282
38. Telegram, Mao Zedong to Stalin, October 2, 1950,
Jianguo yilai Mao Zedong wengao,
vol. 1,539-40. The text of the telegram published in this volume is abridged. For citation and discussion of the parts that are not included, see Chen Jian,
China's Road to the Korean War,
177-8.
39. The telegram is in Mao's own handwriting. There is no doubt that this is a genuine document and that its contents reflected Mao's thinking. But the facts that this telegram is not found in Russian archives and that another version of Mao's message to Stalin does exist point to the possibility that although Mao had drafted the telegram, he may not have dispatched it. In actuality, the original of this telegram is different from many of Mao's other telegrams in format: While other telegrams usually (but not always) carry Mao's office staff's signature indicating the time when the telegram was dispatched, this telegram does not. It is therefore possible that Mao drafted this telegram but did not dispatch it to Stalin. This was probably because of the difference of opinions that existed among top CCP leaders, and because Stalin had failed to clearly commit Soviet military support, air cover in particular, to China. See Shen Zhihua (trans. Chen Jian), "The Discrepancy between the Russian and Chinese Versions of Mao's 20 October 1950 Message to Stalin or Chinese Entry into the Korean War: A Chinese Scholar's Reply,"
CWIHP Bulletin
8-9 (Winter 1996/1997): 237-42.
40. Telegram, Roshchin in Beijing to Stalin, October 3, 1950, conveying October 2, 1950, message from Mao to Stalin,
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 114-15.
41. Letter, Fyn Si (Stalin) to Kim Il Sung (via Shtykov), October 8 [7], 1950,
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 116. Stalin cited the text of his message to Beijing in this letter.
42. For a detailed discussion of these meetings, see Chen Jian,
China's Road to the Korean War,
chap. 5; see also Zhang Xi, "Peng Dehuai and China's Entry into the Korean War,"
Chinese Historians
6, no. 1 (Spring 1993): 8-16.
43. "Mao Zedong's Order to Establish the Chinese People's Volunteers," October 8, 1950,
Jianguo yilai Mao Zedong wengao,
vol. 1, 543-4.
44. Telegram, Mao Zedong to Kim Il Sung, October 8, 1950, ibid., 545; see also Chai Chengwen and Zhao Yongtian,
Banmendian tanpan
[Panmunjom negotiations] (Beijing: Jiexangjun, 1989), 84.

 

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