Brothers in Arms (99 page)

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Authors: Odd Arne Westad

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Page 287
eral Politburo Standing Committee meetings discussing the de-Stalinization issue. Mao would repeat the same claim in many later speeches.
75. Ibid., 5-7. Mao would repeat the same narrative on many other occasions, see, for example, Mao Zedong, "Speech at the Tenth Plenum of the Eighth CC," September 24, 1962, Stuart Schram, ed.,
Chairman Mao Talks to the People: Talks and Letters: 1956-1971
(New York: Pantheon Books, 1974), 191.
76. Cited from Wu Lengxi,
Yi Mao zhuxi,
6.
77. Ibid., 5-10.
78.
Renmin ribao,
April 5, 1956. The timing of publishing the article was chosen intentionally, as a high-ranking Soviet delegation headed by Mikoyan would arrive in Beijing on April 6, 1956. See Wu Lengxi,
Yi Mao zhuxi,
10.
79. Mao's most famous deliberation in this regard was reflected in his article "On the Ten Great Relationships," in
Mao Zedong xuanji,
vol. 5, 267-88. For an English translation that was based on an early version of the article, see Schram, ed.,
Chairman Mao Talks to the People,
61-83.
80. In the winter of 1955-1956, Mao wrote the preface and over 100 pieces of editor's notes for a volume entitled
The Socialist High Tide in China's Countryside,
arguing that it was necessary and possible to accelerate the realization of a socialist society in China. See
Jianguo yilai Mao Zedong wengao,
vol. 5, 484-576.
81. Li Ping,
Kaiguo zongli Zhou Enlai
[The first premier Zhou Enlai], (Beijing: Zhonggong dangxiao, 1994), 354-8.
82. According to Li Ping, at one Politburo conference in late April 1956, Zhou Enlai had a face-to-face dispute with Mao: While Mao favored increasing construction investment by 2 billion yuan so that the speed of China's socialist construction would be accelerated, Zhou opposed it, arguing that this could cause tension in commodity supply as well as the overgrowth of the urban population. Zhou even told Mao that his conscience as China's premier would not allow him to yield to Mao's ideas. Mao felt very offended and left Beijing soon after the conference. See ibid., 356.
83. Cong Jin,
Quzhe fazhan de suiyue
[The years of tortuous advance] (Zhengzhou: Henan Renmin, 1989), 117.

 

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Page 288
84. Mao Zedong, "Speech Outlines at the Chengdu Conference," March 10, 1958,
Jianguo yilai Mao Zedong wengao,
vol. 7, 113.
85. Odd Arne Westad, "Mao on Sino-Soviet Relations: Two Conversations with the Soviet Ambassador,"
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 164-9.
86. Zhou Wenqi and Zhu Liangru,
Teshu er fuzha de keti: gongchan guoji, Sulian he Zhongguo gongchandang guanxi biannian shi, 1919-1991
[A special and complicated subject: A chronological history of the relations between the Comintern, the Soviet Union, and the Chinese Communist Party] (Wuhan: Hubei Renmin, 1993), 500.
87. Minutes, Mao Zedong's conversations with the Romanian ambassador to China, June 28, 1956,
Mao Zedong waijiao wenxuan,
240-1.
88. "The Emerging Disputes between Beijing and Moscow: Ten Newly Available Chinese Documents,"
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 148-52.
89. In October 1956, following the suppression four months earlier of an uprising in Poznan, Polish Communists elected a new Politburo of the Polish United Workers Party excluding pro-Soviet, Stalinist leaders. Further, the Poles requested Moscow to recall Marshal Konstantin Rokossovskii, a Russian who had been Poland's defense minister since 1949. In the meantime, beginning on October 22-23, an anti-Communist revolt erupted in Hungary. Consequently, on November 1, Imre Nagy, Hungary's new prime minister, announced that his country would withdraw unilaterally from the Warsaw Pact, maintain neutrality in bloc politics, and adopt a multiparty democracy. Three days later the Soviets invaded to crush the revolution. For translations of important recently released Soviet bloc materials on these events, see the articles and documents published in
CWIHP Bulletin
5 (Spring 1995): 1, 22-57;
CWIHP Bulletin
6-7 (Winter 1995/1996): 153-4, 282;
CWIHP Bulletin
8-9 (Winter 1996/1997): 355-410; also see paper presented at the conference "Hungary and the World, 1956: The New Archival Evidence," September 26-29, 1996, Budapest, Hungary, organized by the National Security Archive, the Institute for the History of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, and CWIHP.
90. On October 19 the CPSU CC dispatched a telegram to the CCP CC, informing it that because of the serious situation in Poland, Moscow was planning to send troops to solve the crisis. The Soviets solicited Beijing's advice on this matter. See Wu Lengxi,
Yi Mao zhuxi,
11.
91. Ibid., 11-12.

 

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