The Time Traveler's Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century (56 page)

Essex,
25
,
33
,
75
,
203
,
226
,
241

Ethiopia,
72
,
73

Evesham,
296

Evreux, Louis d’,
63

ewerers,
181

ewers,
147
pitchers,
149
,
151
,
162
,
164
,
165
. See
also
flagons; jugs

Exchequer,
19
,
81
,
82
,
88
,
221
,
237
,
241

excommunication,
244
,
255

excrement. See latrines; sanitation

executions,
9
,
20
,
61
,
235
,
242
–43

of animals,
238

beheading,
221
,
236
,
243
,
245
–46

burning alive,
76
,
238

disemboweling,
61
,
236
–37

drowning,
220

hanging,
20
,
38
,
57
,
61
,
62
,
167
,
223
–25,
227
–29,
234
,
236
–38,
240
,
245

quartering,
61
,
236
–37.
See also
gallows

Exeter,
7
–12,
16
,
70
,
98
,
126
,
209
,
252
,
255
,
309

bishops of,
62
,
255
,
274

bridge,
128

Cathedral,
74
,
100
,
249
,
289

diocese of,
203
,
296

eyes. See spectacles; surgery

Faber, Felix,
303

fabulous beasts,
74

fabulous races,
73

faggots,
93
. See
also
firewood

fairs,
19
,
94
,
131
,
177
,
261

falcons. See hunting

famine,
28
,
51
,
167
,
192

Farleigh Hungerford Castle,
303

farriers,
133
,
161

fashion. See clothes

feasts,
51
,
65
,
73
,
160
,
182
,
185
,
188
,
249
,
254

ferries. See ships and boats

feudal hierarchy,
40
–41

fewterers. See hunting

fiddles. See musical instruments

fields,
24
–25,
31
,
126
,
172
,
176
. See
also
crop rotation

figs. See fruit

filth, public. See sanitation

financiers,
15
. See
also
banking houses

Finchley, 124

fines,
22
, 67,
173
,
222
,
227
–28. See
also
heriots; leyrwite

fire, dangers of,
17
,
21
,
24
,
163
,
230

firehooks,
231

firewood,
25
,
26
,
30
,
51
,
151
,
156
,
161
,
162
. See
also
faggots

fish, fishmongers,
15
,
21
,
92
–93,
94
,
98
,
135
,
169
,
174
,
178
,
180
,
183
,
185

animals regarded as fish,
184

bream,
183
,
184
,
188

carp,
183
,
305

cod,
174
,
185

conger eel,
183
,
189

crabs,
141
,
184

dace,
184
,
188

dogfish,
184

doree,
183

dried,
169
,
174
,
185
,
188

eels,
27
,
141
,
174
,
183
,
184

fish stock 183

fishing rights,
174

flounder,
184

given as presents,
174

gurnard,
183
,
184
,
189

haddock 184

hake,
184

halibut,
183

herring,
174
,
183
,
184

kippers,
185

lampreys,
183

ling,
184

loach,
184

lobsters,
141
,
184

luce,
184

mackerel,
184

minnows,
183

mullet,
183
,
184

mulwell,
183

mussels,
184
,
185

oysters,
184

perch,
184

pickled,
174
,
185
,
188

pike,
174
,
183
,
184
,
189
,
305

plaice,
184

porpoise,
305

roach,
184
,
188

salmon,
174
,
183
,
184
,
189

salted,
141
,
169
,
174
,
185
,
188

sea bass,
183

sea bream,
174
,
184

seafood,
184

shrimps,
184
,
185

smoked,
93
,
185
,
188

sole,
183
,
189

stockfish,
174

sturgeon,
183
,
184
,
305

swordfish,
184

tench,
174
,
183
,
184

thornback ray,
184
,
189

transportation of,
184

trout,
174
,
183
,
184

turbot,
183
,
189
,
305

whales,
184

whelks,
184

whiting,
184

fishponds. See ponds

fishtraps,
184

Fitzwalter, John,
240

flagons,
149
,
156

Flanders, Flemings,
20
,
45
,
86
,
112
,
136
,
138
,
198

flasks,
132

Flaxley, abbot of,
87

fleeces,
93
. See
also
wool

Fleet River,
22

flooding,
28
,
31
,
75
,
167
,
222

Florence,
12
,
82
,
83
, 96

flowers,
29

flying machines,
77
,
78

Folville, Eustace,
241
–43

Folville, John,
241
–42

Folville, Richard,
243
,
245

Folville Gang,
27
,
241
–43,
309

food: limited quantities of,
180
,
181

rhythms of,
168
–70,
188
.
See also
cooking; dairy products; fruit; meat; poultry; spices; vegetables

fools. Seejesters

foot size,
37

football,
262
–63

forceps,
208

fords,
128

Forest, Charter of the,
238
,
259

forests,
26
,
173
,
231
,
243
,
259
,
274

Fosse Way, 126

Fotheringay Castle,
155

foxes,
30
,
93
,
105
,
112
,
259

France, the French,
3
,
37
,
38
,
44
, 66,
70
,
71
,
106
,
123
,
133
,
136
,
155
,
168
,
201
,
220
,
238
,
258
,
277
,
284
,
288

king of,
22
,
71
,
108
,
168
,
191
,
247
. See also John II; Philip IV

Franciscans,
47
,
115
.
See also
Poor Clares

franklins,
43
,
48
,
50
,
68
–69,
87

frankpledge,
217
,
222

freemen (of a town),
16
,
43
,
87
,
95. See also
aldermen; mayors

French language,
10
,
80
,
81
,
272
–78

Frensham Ponds,
188

friaries,
16
,
23
,
28
,
39

friars,
42
,
43
,
45
,
47
,
67,
69
,
103
,
115
.
See also
Austin Friars; Carmelites; Crutched Friars; Dominicans; Franciscans

Friars Minor.
See
Franciscans

Friars Preacher.
See
Dominicans

Froissart, Jean,
202
,
261
,
275
,
292

fruit,
94
,
141
,
167
,
169
,
171
,
176
,
182
,
209
,
213

applemoy,
185

apples,
93
,
172
,
176
,
182
,
185
,
209

blackberries,
172

cherries,
172
,
176
,
182

compotes,
182

currants,
177
,
181
,
188

damsons,
172
,
182

dates,
94
,
177
,
181

figs,
94
,
176
,
177

fruit sauces,
185

gooseberries,
172

grapes,
172
,
182
,
185

lemons,
94

mulberries,
172

oranges,
94
,
176

pears,
93
,
172
,
175
,
182
,
209

plums,
172
,
176
,
182

pomegranates,
94
,
176
,
212

pottage,
178
,
180

quinces,
182

raisins,
177

sloes,
172

strawberries,
172
,
182

whinberries,
182

frying pans.
See
cooking utensils

fullers,
21

fulling,
199

funerals, 66,
110
.
See also
embalming; laying out the dead

furlongs,
25

furniture,
149

arks,
152

aumbries,
149
,
151
,
162

baldaquins,
156
,
157

bankers,
152

beds.
See
beds; benches,
148
,
149
,
156
,
159
,
161
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
181

chairs,
151
,
156
,
163
,
283

chests, coffers,
147
,
149
,
150
,
158
,
161
,
163
,
164
,
185

close-stools,
162

cupboards,
161
,
197

screens,
152

stools,
165
,
166
,
287

table, folding,
151

tables,
98
,
146
,
149
,
151
,
152
,
156
,
159
,
160
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
180
,
181
,
254

trestles,
152
,
156
,
164
,
166
,
180

furs, furriers,
10
,
22
,
93
,
103
–4,
105
,
113
,
114
,
260
,
283
.
See also
pelterers

Gaddesden, John,
55
,
199
–200,
212
,
214

Galen,
55
,
56
,
194

galingale,
175

gallons.
See
units of measurement

gallows,
8
,
20
,
89
,
216
,
223
–24,
238

game,
172
–73,
283
.
See also
coneys; deer; hares; wildfowl

games, indoor. See backgammon; chess; dice; merrils