The Time Traveler's Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century (63 page)

watchmen,
220
,
249
. See
also
aldermen; freemen; London; mayors

towns; small,
22
–24

townships, 69,
217
,
220
,
221
,
226

trailbaston. See courts

travel, regularity of,
69
–70,
71

treacle,
177

treason. See crime

treasurer, the,
17

trees,
26
–27,
130
–31,
167
,
226
,
294
.
See also
timber

trenchers,
170
,
171
,
176
,
181
,
183

Tresilian, Robert,
245

Trevisa, john,
39
,
276

trial by battle. See courts

Trim,
39

tripods,
150
,
163
.
See also
cooking utensils

Trivium,
67

Troglodytes,
73

trout. See fish

trumpets. See musical instruments

Trumpington,
122

tuberculosis. See diseases

tubs,
17
,
21
,
151
,
163
,
166
. See
also
washtubs

Tuchet, Robert,
242

tumblers,
53
. See
also
acrobats

tunics. See clothes

turf roofs,
165

Turkey,
72

turkeys. See poultry

turners, 96

tweezers,
118

Tyburn.
See
London

Tyngewick, Nicholas,
212

underwear.
See
clothes

unfit, the,
168

unicorns,
74

units of currency,
96
–97

units of measurement,
85
–86, 95,
229
,
235

universities,
41
,
48
,
67
–68,
88
,
191
,
193
,
211
,
284

Urban VI,
44

urinals,
141

uroscopy 194–95,
211

ushers,
89

vagrants,
145
,
153
,
154
,
217
,
224
,
239
.
See also
beggars; paupers

valets,
101
,
133
,
159
,
160
,
162
,
180

vegetables,
164
,
169
,
171
,
176
,
185
,
209

beans,
170
,
171
white,
172
,
185

cabbage,
169
,
171
–72,
185
,
209

carrots,
168

cauliflower,
185

celery,
185

chervil,
172

chibols,
171
–72

colewort,
185

garden produce,
169
,
171
,
176
,
185

garlic,
93
,
171
,
185

leeks,
171
–72,
185

onions,
171
,
173
,
181
,
185

parsnips,
185

peas,
168
,
170
,
171
,
185

peascods,
172
,
185

potatoes,
168

potential harmful effects of,
171

spring onions,
171

turnips,
171

Vegetius,
272

veils.
See
clothes

vellum,
123

velvet,
109
,
115

velvet.
See
cloth

Venice,
12
,
82
,
265

verdigris,
94

Vere, Robert de, constable of Rockingham,
242

Vere, Robert de, marquis of Dublin,
124
–25,
295

verjuice,
185

vetches,
167

veterinary care,
133

vicars,
43
,
203
beneficed clergy.
See also
priests

Vicars Choral,
16

villeins,
43
,
48
–51,
57
,
67
,
68
,
72
,
86
–87,
99
,
116
,
165
,
172
,
198
,
216
–17,
219
,
222
,
227
.
See also
bondmen

Vilnius,
72

vine stems,
118

vinegar,
118
,
173
,
178
,
183

vintners, 96,
179
,
284

violence,
37
,
57
,
60
–66,
89
,
190

violets, 65

Virgin Mary 268,
270

Virtual History 2–3

vitamin C,
169

vitamin D,
210

voters, 69

votive offerings,
191
,
261

wafers,
176
,
183

wages.
See
incomes

wagons,
133
,
252
.
See also
carts; coaches

Wakefield,
252
,
263
,
274

Wales,
34
,
41
,
43
,
81

Marches of,
61
,
229

wall hangings,
148
.
See also
tapestries

Wallace, Sir William,
236

Wallingford,
101

walnuts,
172

Walsingham Priory,
268
,
270

Walsingham, Thomas,
60
,
75
,
184
,
297

Waltham Holy Cross,
296

wapentakes.
See
hundreds

Waraunt family,
240

Warauntjohn,
240

warehouses,
15
,
148

warfare,
38
,
41
,
56,
65
,
70
, 99,
123
–25,
168
,
220
. See disc jousts of

war warhorses.
See
horses and ponies

Warwick Castle,
155

Warwick, countess of,
113

Warwick, Earls of.
See
Beauchamp

Warwickshire,
124
,
202

washbasins. See basins

washerwomen,
159
,
199
,
306

washing. See baths and bathing; cleaning

washtubs,
64
,
199
,
306

watchmen,
85
,
249
. See
also
towns

water, attitudes toward,
175

water carriers,
53

water supply,
15
,
22
,
141
,
153
. See
also

wells water transport,
15

Watling Street,
124
,
126

wax,
88
,
94
,
159
,
212
,
254
,
261

weavers, weaving,
94
,
115
,
117

weeping,
91

weights,
10

weirs,
184

wells,
31
,
156
,
166
,
270

Wells Cathedral,
84
,
296

Welsh language,
81

Wensley Roger de,
242

West Country,
32
,
34
,
128
,
170
,
175
,
203
. See
also
Cornwall; Devon; Dorset; Somerset

Westminster,
17
,
19
,
130
,
236

Abbey 20,
47
,
188
,
201
,
245
,
270
,
296
,
301

abbot,
87
,
261

palace of,
19
,
84
,
123

Westmorland,
33
,
295
. See
also
Lake District

wetnurses,
103

whales. See fish

wharfage,
130

wharfs. See ports and harbors

wheat. See grain

Wheel of Fortune,
254

wheelwrights,
134

whips,
116

White Canons. See Premonstratensians

White Friars.
See
Carmelites

White Monks,
46

Whittington, Dick,
99

Whittington, William,
99

Whyte, John le,
228

Wife-Givers,
73

Wigmore,
155
,
273

wild boar.
See
boar

wildfowl,
173
,
260
,
276

bustard,
182

cranes,
182
,
260

curlew,
182

ducks.
See
poultry; egret,
182

herons,
182
,
260

larks,
177
,
182

martinets,
182

partridges,
177
,
182
,
261

pheasants,
177
,
181
,
253
–54,
259

plover,
182

snipe,
177

sparrows,
182

stork 182

swans,
17
,
254

teal,
177

woodcock 177,
182

William of Malmesbury 251

Willoughby Richard,
241

wills,
70
,
81
,
274

Willysdon, Richard,
148
–49

Wilton Diptych,
301

Wiltshire,
228
–29

Wimborne Minster,
270
–71

wimples.
See
clothes

Winchcombe,
296

Winch elsea,
136

Winchester,
11
,
17
,
213
,
293
,
296

bishops of,
20
,
39
,
203
,
299
,
309

Cathedral,
270

diocese of,
296

Statute of,
121
,
130
,
220

windows: coaches,’ 134

glazed,
15
,
148
,
156

oriel,
15

shuttered,
13
,
30
,
148
,
153
,
163
,
166

unglazed,
14

Windsor Castle,
84
,
101
,
154
,
155
,
294

wine,
22
,
86
,
93
,
95
,
134
,
138
,
139
,
141
,
147
,
148
,
151
,
175
,
177
–80,
185
,
189
,
285
,
288
,
303
–4

English,
28
,
179

Gascon,
71
,
136
,
179
,
185
,
305

hypocras,
183

Lepe,
179

Malvesey 179

Osey 179

red,
176
,
179

Rhenish,
179
,
185

Rochelle,
179

Romonye,
179

Spanish,
179
,
185

sweet,
186

Wingfield Castle,
303

witchcraft,
75
–76,
238

woad,
93

wolves,
27

women, position of,
49
–50,
54
–59,
64
,
91
,
101
,
102
–3,
111
–14,
159
,
164
,
168
,
174
–75,
198
,
200
,
221
,
223
,
225
–26,
230
,
234

women’s milk as a medicine,
207

woodland,
25
–26

wool,
21
,
71
,
93
,
94
,
118
,
132
,
162
,
164
,
173
,
199
,
234
.
See also
cloth; fleeces

Worcester,
11
,
252
,
296

bishop of,
45

Cathedral,
270

ordinances of,
230
–33

Severn Bridge,
232

Worcestershire,
36
,
240

wormwood,
212

Wressle Castle,
303

wrestling,
91
,
261
–62,
310

Wycliffe, John,
266
–67

Wykeham, William of,
39

Yarmouth, Great,
11

yeomen,
32
,
36
,
43
,
48
,
50
,
89
,
101
,
105
,
163
,
170
,
172
,
174
–75,
179
,
260
,
266

Yevele, Henry,
19

York,
9
,
11
,
17
,
127
,
130
,
213
,
218
,
252
,
257