The Strength of the Wolf (87 page)

  
1
  Church Report, 144

  
2
  Summers,
Official and Confidential
, 345–50.

  
3
  
Ibid., 379.

  
4
  Ibid.

  
5
  Davis,
Mafia Kingfish
, 109–12.

  
6
  Moldea,
The Hoffa Wars
, 148.

  
7
  Ibid., 149.

  
8
  Michie Memo.

  
9
  
New York Times
, 27 April 1961, 24:3.

10
  Ralph Blumenthal,
Last Days of the Sicilians: At War with the Mafia
(New York: Random House, 1988), 51–5.

11
  Arthur K. Lenehan, “Jersey's Heroin Link,”
Newark Sunday Star Ledger
, 16 November 1980.

12
  Scott,
Deep Politics
, 91.

13
  Interview with Gaeton Fonzi, author of
The Last Investigation
(New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1993).

  
1
  Earman Report.

  
2
  Richard Helms, memorandum for Deputy Director of Central Intelligence, 17 December 1963, subject: “Testing of Psychochemicals and Related Materials.”

  
3
  Earman Report, 15.

  
4
  Human Drug Testing, 119–20.

  
5
  Mangold,
Cold Warrior
, 51.

  
6
  Stratton, “Altered States of America,” 52, 87.

  
7
  Lee,
Acid Dreams
, 39–40.

  
8
  Marks,
Manchurian Candidate
, 62.

  
9
  Lee,
Acid Dreams
, 71.

10
  Did someone “turn on” the world's leaders? In
Difficult Questions, Easy Answers
(Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1973), Robert Graves says the manna the Israelis ate in the Sinai desert, which formed on tamarisk bushes like dew, was laced with ergot, the form LSD takes in nature (34). A golden pot of manna in the Ark of the Covenant was for use by priests alone, and manna, “of which I was once given a taste,” said Graves, “by the late president Ben–Swi of Israel, became proverbial as a metaphor of God's enlightening mercy.” This revelation has drug law enforcement significance, considering that America's first illicit LSD salesman, Bernard Roseman, purchased his LSD in Israel.

11
  
Todd Brendan Fahey, “The Original Captain Trips,”
High Times
, November 1991, 38–40, 64–5.

12
  Lee,
Acid Dreams
, 48–53.

13
  Bernard Roseman,
LSD: The Age of Mind
(Hollywood, CA: Wilshire Book Company, 1966), 39.

14
  Peter Dale Scott and Jonathan Marshall,
Cocaine Politics: Drugs, Armies, and the CIA in Central America
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991), 220 n. 38.

15
  Before they were married, Hunt's wife, Dorothy, reportedly worked for the FBN after the Second World War, and served as a consultant with George White on the movie
To the Ends of the Earth
.

16
  Scott,
Deep Politics
, 90. Upon arriving in Rome, Harvey befriended Hank Manfredi and, as part of his executive action responsibilities, asked him to approach Joe Adonis in Milan as a potential recruiter of assassins. “Hank knew that Adonis had worked for the military,” Colonel Acampora explains, “but Adonis turned them down flat.”

17
  CIA Memorandum For the Record, Subject: Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro, 23 May 1967 (hereafter known as 1967 IG Report), 77–88.

18
  Human Drug Testing, 118.

19
  Ibid., 118

20
  Mahoney,
Sons and Brothers
, 269–70.

21
  1967 IG Report, 67–70.

22
  Norodom Sihanouk with Wilfred Burchett,
My War with the CIA
(New York: Pantheon Books, 1972), 269.

23
  1967 IG Report, 91–3.

24
  Mahoney,
Sons and Brothers
, 234. Arthur Krock in a prescient article, “The Intra-Administration War in Vietnam,” published in the
New York Times
on 3 October 1963 (34), quoted a high government official as saying, “If the United States ever experiences an attempt at a coup to overthrow the government it will come from the CIA and not the Pentagon. The agency represents a tremendous power and total unaccountability to anyone.”

25
  Mahoney,
Sons and Brothers
, 234.

26
  Scott,
Deep Politics
, 151.

27
  Lait and Mortimer,
USA Confidential
, 207.

28
  Davis,
Mafia Kingfish
, 208.

29
  Scott,
Deep Politics
, 131,138.

30
  The State case is identified as Houston No. Tex-11965.

31
  
Project Pilot, III
, 74.

32
  
The Supreme Court case is identified as Indiviglio v. US, 357 US 574, No. 753 (1956).

33
  Scott,
Deep Politics
, 131.

34
  Ibid., 130.

35
  Ibid., 5.

36
  Ibid., 133.

37
  Mahoney,
Sons and Brothers
, 273.

38
  Ibid., 276, 259.

39
  James R. Duffy,
Conspiracy: Who Killed JFK
(New York: SPI Books, 1992), 201, citing Patricia Orr's report, “Rose Cheramie” in the Report of the Select Committee On Assassinations, US House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2nd Session, Appendix to Hearings, vol. X (Washington, GPO, 29 March 1979), hereafter known as Orr Report.

40
  Orr Report, 203.

41
  Ibid., 204.

42
  Ibid., 203.

43
  James DiEugenio,
Destiny Betrayed: JFK, Cuba, and the Garrison Case
(New York: Sheridan Square Press, 1992), 38–40.

44
  Scott,
Deep Politics
, 247.

45
  DiEugenio,
Destiny
, 211.

46
  Ibid., 213.

47
  Dick Russell,
The Man Who Knew Too Much
(New York: Carroll & Graf/R. Gallen, 1992), 563.

48
  Bernard Fensterwald, Freedom of Information Act request of the CIA, Civil Action No. 80-1056, 13 July 1982, (hereafter know as Civil Action), Document 632-796.

49
  The staff and editors of
Newsday, The Heroin Trail
(New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1973), 112–13.

50
  
Project Pilot III
, 74.

51
  Mangold,
Cold Warrior
, 134–5.

52
  Author Jim Marrs in
Crossfire: The Plot That Killed Kennedy
(New York: Carroll and Graf, 1989), (206–7), says that QJ/WIN obtained the release of mercenary Thomas Eli Davis III from a Moroccan prison shortly after the assassination. Davis was smuggling guns to the OAS and had in his possession a letter that referred to Oswald. Reportedly, Oswald was a member of a secret CIA defector project through Mexico into Cuba in 1963, and QJ/WIN was connected to this project, which is why QJ/WIN arranged for Davis's release.

53
  Helms memo, 17 December 1963.

54
  
MKULTRA Document 75, Memorandum for the Record, Subject: MKULTRA Subprojects 3, 14, 16, 42, 132, 149 and MKSEARCH-4.

  
1
  
Project Pilot III
, 44: Arnold Romano, Andrew Alberti, and Joseph and Steve Armone and were the main members of the “Lower East Side mob” drug syndicate; Joseph and William Paradise were involved.

  
2
  McWilliams,
The Protectors
, 164.

  
3
  
Project Pilot III
, 50.

  
4
  
The Heroin Trail
, 84–6.

  
5
  Wilson fought the case for fifteen years and won. Reinstated with full pay, he retired the next day.

  
6
  Scott,
Deep Politics
, 167.

  
7
  
Project Pilot III
, 1, 18, 10–21, 174–5, 178, 213, 237–8. Nathan M. Adams, “The Hunt For André,”
Reader's Digest
, March 1973 (reprint).

  
8
  Maduro in March 1963 reported to the Consulate in Monterey. In June 1964, he was transferred to Mexico City and was replaced by Jim Daniels, a former Border Patrol agent in Texas who was “tight with Cusack” and opened an office in Lima, Peru in 1965. Sam Pryor was instrumental in opening the Mexico City office. “Through him,” said George Gaffney, “we were able to establish a rapport with scores of representatives from around the world.”

  
9
  Tripodi,
Crusade
, 65. Through this case, Tripodi developed relations with the CIA's Security Research Services, and transferred there in September 1962.

10
  Charbonneau,
Canadian Connection
, 194–7, 210, 247, 525. Fulgencio Cruz Bonet was known as Poncho, as was CIA officer David Morales, then in the Western Hemisphere Division specializing in Cuban affairs.

11
  Ibid., 211.

12
  
Project Pilot III
, 21, 67.

13
  John Newman,
Oswald and the CIA
(New York: Carroll & Graf, 1995), 381–2.

14
  Charbonneau,
Canadian Connection
, 196.

15
  Ibid., 194.

16
  
Project Pilot III
, 53–63.

17
  Ibid., 179–82, 188, 263–4.

18
  
Jonnes,
Hep Cats
, 187. The station chief was most likely James E. Flannery or Thomas J. Flores.

19
  
Project Pilot III
, 62.

20
  Ibid., 75.

21
  Ibid., 76.

22
  Ibid., 189.

23
  Ibid., 495.

24
  Albert Habib, Memorandum Reports, 3 January 1966 and 16 January 1966.

25
  Albert Habib, Memorandum Report, 3 January 1966.

26
  According to Al McCoy in
Politics of Heroin
(295–8), Labinski [sic] went to work for Paul Levet's Corsican syndicate in 1954. In 1958, “Rock” Francisci, working with the Guérinis in Marseilles and Ngo Dinh Nhu in Vietnam, set up Air Laos in Vientiane. The competition between Levet and Air Laos was fierce and, in July 1963, Francisci set up Levet with the help of someone named Poncho. As noted in
chapter 20
, former Saigon policeman Paul Mondoloni was working in Mexico at the same time with a Cuban exile nicknamed Poncho. CIA officer David Morales was also known as Poncho.

27
  
New York Times
, 27 November 1964, 45:4. Documents provided to the author in 1966, through the Freedom of Information Act Request, by the DEA, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and US Army.

  
1
  Bivens v. Six Unknown Agents of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 403 US 388, 29 LEd2d 619 91 Supreme Court 1999 (1971).

  
2
  Interview with Adam Clayton Powell III.

  
3
  Carl Rowan, “Pressure Builds for Exposing Viet Nam Graft,” syndicated column cited in letter from Senator Stuart Symington to Secretary of the Army Stanley Resor, 21 November 1966.

  
4
  
Project Pilot III
, 113–4.

  
5
  Charbonneau,
Canadian Connection
, 245, n. 14.

  
6
  Ibid., 246, n. 14.

  
7
  
New York Times
, 6 October 1961, 18:4. A staunch Republican,
Journal-American
publisher Guy Richards was close to FBI Agent John Malone. According to one agent, Malone gave Frasca the wiretap equipment to embarrass the FBN. Another agent claims that presidential advisor
Dean Markham was so angry with the FBN over the Pardo Bolland affair that he encouraged the FBI to expose FBN corruption through Frasca and the
Journal-American
.

  
8
  Interview with Thomas Clines, Artime's CIA case officer after E. Howard Hunt. Scott and Marshall,
Cocaine Politics
, 220 n. 38.

  
9
  Tripodi,
Crusade
, 131–4.

10
  Ibid., 131.

11
  Gay Talese,
Honor Thy Father
(New York: World Publishing, 1971), 386.

12
  Ibid., xi–xiii.

13
  Ibid., 152–65. Scott,
Deep Politics
, 326 n. 16.

14
  Sterling,
Octopus
, 191–2, 347 n. 6.

  
1
  Mortimer Benjamin, Memorandum Report, “Investigation into the Activities of Maurice Castellani and Joseph Irving Brown,” 11 October 1965.

  
2
  Mortimer Benjamin, Memorandum Report, 17 November 1965.

  
3
  Mortimer Benjamin, Memorandum Report, 30 November 1965.

  
4
  Tripodi,
Crusade
, 187.

  
5
  
Project Pilot III
, 406, n. 14.

  
6
  Robert J. DeFauw, “Report on Intergovernmental Committee on Narcotics,” 11 December 1969, Section A, 9.

  
7
  
The Heroin Trail
, 119–20.

  
8
  
Project Pilot III
, 482.

  
9
  Ibid., 68.

10
  Charbonneau,
Canadian Connection
, 262.

11
  Tripodi,
Crusade
, 187.

12
  Mangold,
Cold Warrior
, 124.

13
  
Project Pilot III
, 78–9.

14
  
The Heroin Trail
, 119.

15
  Kruger,
Heroin Coup
, 61–5.

16
  Ali Bourequat,
In the Moroccan King's Secret Garden
(Nebraska: Morris Publishing, 1998), 60.

17
  Project Pilot III, 405–6.

18
  Kruger,
Heroin Coup
, 67.

19
  Interview with François Le Mouel, former chief of the Paris Brigade of Intelligence and Intervention.

20
  
Project Pilot III
, 393–405.

21
  
The Heroin Trail
, 112–13.

22
  
Project Pilot III
, 190.

23
  Kruger,
Heroin Coup
, 76.

24
  
Project Pilot III
, 264. CIA officer Paul Van Marx managed the Uruguayan Desk in 1964 and moved to Bogotá in 1965. Von Marx would later become integrally involved in CIA anti-narcotics operations.

25
  Kruger,
Heroin Coup
, 55.

26
  Ibid., 73.

27
  Philip Agee,
Inside the Company: CIA Diary
(New York: Stonehill, 1975), 428–9.

28
  Block,
Masters Of Paradise
, 84.

29
  
Dope
Inc., 462–8. Hougan,
Spooks
, 159. Block,
Masters of Paradise
, 82–85.

30
  Block,
Masters of Paradise
, 83.

31
  
Dope
Inc., 484–5.

32
  Block,
Masters of Paradise
, 161–79.

33
  Ibid., 67–70, 82–4, 100.

34
  Ibid., 66–70, 82–4.

35
  Ibid., 82–4.

36
  Ibid., 48–9.

37
  Commissaire Guy Denis headed the Sûreté in Marseilles, Hugues was commissaire over narcotics.