The 10 Things You Should Know About the Creation vs. Evolution Debate (25 page)

23. Johnson, Darwin on Trial, p. 34.

24. Davis and Poe, p. 71.

25. See Johnson, Darwin on Trial, p. 35. See also Phillip E. Johnson, Reason in the Balance: The Case
Against Naturalism in Science, Law and Education (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1995),
pp. 78-79.

26. See Johnson, Reason in the Balance, p. 81.

27. John C. Whitcomb, The Early Earth (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1979), p. 87.

28. Belie, Dembski, and Meyer, p. 117.

29. Dan Schobert, Book Review of Michael Belie's Darwin's Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to
Evolution, Creation Matters, Vol. 4 No. 6, November-December 1999, Creation Research Society
website, www.creationresearch.org.

30. Johnson, Defeating Darwinism by Opening Minds, p. 77.

31. For example, Ernst Haeckel.

32. Signs of intelligence, p. 93. See also Frank S. Salisbury, "Doubts about the Modern SyntheticTheory
of Evolution," American Biology Teacher (September 1971), p. 336. In Henry M. Morris, Scientific
Creationism (Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 2001), p. 62.

33. Despite overwhelming evidence, however, many biologists are reluctant to consider intelligent
design as an option. See The Creation Hypothesis: Scientific Evidence for an Intelligent Designer
(Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1994), p. 68.

34. Signs of Intelligence, p. 11.

35. Johnson, Defeating Darwinism by Opening Minds, p. 77.

36. Signs of Intelligence, p. 103.

37. Melinda Penkavia, "Analysis: Whether the Theory of Intelligent Design Should Be Taught in the
Classroom," NPR, February 13, 2002, Electric Library.

38. Belie, Dembski, and Meyer, pp. 67-68. See also Belie, "Molecular Machines: Experimental Support
for the Design Inference."

39. Norman Geisler and Joseph Holden, LivingLoud. Defending Your Faith (Nashville, TN: Broadman
& Holman Publishers, 2002), p. 56.

40. Richard Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker (New York: W.W. Norton, 1996), p. 115.

41. Russell Grigg, "A Brief History of Design," Creation ExNihilo, Vol. 22 No. 2, March-May 2000,
p. 52.

42. Like Windows 98, for example. Cyrus Farivar, "UC-Berkeley Scholars Weigh In On Challenge
to Evolution," University Wire, March 11, 2002, Electric Library.

43. Signs of intelligence, p. 115. Davis and Poe, pp. 202-03. See also Grigg, "A Brief History of Design."

44. Bill Gates, The Road Ahead (Boulder, CO: Blue Penguin, 1996), p. 228; in Belie, Dembski, and
Meyer, p. 71. See also Jay Richards, "Intelligent Design Theory: Why It Matters,"
IntellectualCapital.com, July 25, 1999.

45. See Behe, Dembski, and Meyer, p. 92.

46. Bette, Dembsk ,and Meyer, p. 12. Dembski is careful to point out that intelligent design theorists
do not invoke the book of Genesis (or any other biblical book), do not ascribe to a narrow hermeneutic in interpreting Scripture, and do not identify who the Designer might be (for example, God).
Rather, design theory seeks to empirically demonstrate the scientific failure of Darwinism. See William
Dembski, "What Every Theologian Should Know about Creation, Evolution, and Design," The
Princeton Theological Review, April 1, 1996; Philip Gold, "Darwinists in Denial?" Washington Tirnes,
August 23, 2001, Discovery Institute website, www.discoveryorg.

47. Davis and Poe, 115. Dembski, Intelligent Design, pp. 17, 128.

48. Dembski, Intelligent Design, p. 17.

49. Davis and Poe, p. 119.

50. Benjamin Wiker, "Does Science Point to God?: The Intelligent Design Revolution," Crisis, April
8, 2003, Discovery Institute website, www.discovery.org.

51. Robin Collins, "The Fine-Tuning Design Argument: A Scientific Argument for the Existence of
God," Reason for the Hope Within, September 1, 1998, Discovery Institute website, www.discov-
ery.org.

52. Collins, "The Fine-Tuning Design Argument."

53. Hugh Ross, The Creator and the Cosmos (Colorado Springs, CO: NavPress, 2001), p. 151.

54. Ross, p. 151.

55. Belie, Dembski, and Meyer, pp. 56-57.

56. Hank Hanegraaff, "The Failure of Evolution to Account for the Miracle of Life," Christian Research
journal, Summer 1998, online edition.

57. Robert Jastrow, God and the Astronomers (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1992), p.
118. A term has been coined to refer to the fact that the universe seems fine-tuned for the existence of human life: "the anthropic principle."

58. Fred Hoyle, "The Universe: Past and Present Reflections," Annual Reviews of Astronomy and
Astrophysics 20 (1982), p. 16.

59. George Greenstein, The Symbiotic Universe: Life and Mind in the Cosmos (New York: Morrow,
1988), pp. 26-27.

60. See Dembski, Intelligent Design, p. 14. See also Henry Morris, "Design Is Not Enough!" Back to
Genesis, No. 127a, July 1999, Creation Research Institute (www.icr.org); Fryman, p. 4.

61. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition (Houghton Mifflin
Company, 2000), online edition.

62. See The Creation Hypothesis, p. 68.

63. Behe, Dembski, and Meyer, pp. 11-12.

1. See Helen Fryman, "The Intelligent Design Movement," Creation Matters, Vol. 5 No. 2, MarchApril 2000, pp. 1, 3-5.

2. Holly Morris, "Life's Grand Design," U.S. News d World Report, July 29, 2002, p. 52.

3. Cyrus Farivar, "UC-Berkeley Scholars Weigh In On Challenge to Evolution," University Wire,
March 11, 2002, Electric Library.

4. Melinda Penkava, "Analysis: Whether the Theory of Intelligent Design Should Be Taught in the
Classroom," NPR, February 13, 2002, Electric Library.

5. See William A. Dembski and James M. Kushiner, eds., Signs of Intelligence (Grand Rapids, MI:
Brazos Press, 2001), p. 116.

6. Michael Belie, lecture delivered at the American Museum of Natural History, April 23, 2002,
transcript at Discovery Institute website, www.discoveryorg, insert added.

7. Penkava, Analysis: Whether the Theory of Intelligent Design Should Be Taught in the Classroom."

8. The Creation Hypothesis: Scientific Evidence for an Intelligent Designer (Downers Grove, IL:
InterVarsiry Press, 1994), p. 82.

9. Morris, "Life's Grand Design."

10. "Challenging Darwin," The Washington Times, September 19, 2002, Electric Library.

11. See William A. Dembski, Intelligent Design: The Bridge Between Science & Theology (Downers Grove,
IL: InterVarsiry Press, 1999), p. 257.

12. Dembski, Intelligent Design, p. 258.

13. Signs of Intelligence, p. 9.

14. Robin Collins, "The Fine-Tuning Design Argument: A Scientific Argument for the Existence of
God," reprinted from Reason for theHope Within, September 1, 1998, Discovery Institute website,
www.discovery.org. See Signs of Intelligence, p. 12. Dembski, Intelligent Design, p. 261.

15. See William A. Dembski, "Intelligent Design Is Not Optimal Design," Metaviews, February 2,
2000, Discovery Institute website, www.discovery.org.

16. Charles Darwin, letter to Asa Gray, May 22, 1860.

17. Ken Boa and Larry Moody, I'm Glad You Asked (Colorado Springs, CO: Victor Books, 1994), p.
129.

18. Norman L. Geisler, Baker Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book
House, 1999), p. 220.

19. Millard J. Erickson, Introducing Christian Doctrine (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1996),
pp. 138-39.

20. Erickson, p. 139.

21. Norman L. Geisler and Ronald M. Brooks, When Skeptics Ask (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1990),
pp. 59-60.

22. Paul E. Little, Know Why You Believe (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsiry Press, 1975), p. 81.

23. Little, p. 81.

24. Geisler and Brooks, p. 73.

25. Little, p. 87.

26 Boa and Moody, p. 131.

27. Norman L. Geisler and Jeff Amanu, "Evil," in New Dictionary of Theology, eds. Sinclair B. Ferguson
and David F. Wright (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsiry Press, 1988), p. 242.

28. Dan Story, Defending Your Faith (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1992), pp. 171-72.

29. Geisler and Brooks, p. 73.

30. Geisler and Brooks, pp. 64-65.

31. R.E.D. Clark, Darwin: Before andAfter (London: Paternoster Press, 1948), p. 86.

32. Geisler and Brooks, p. 76.

33. Michael Belie, for example, is a Roman Catholic who is open to the idea that all organisms (man
included) descended from a common ancestor over billions of years. His main emphasis is that
there is evidence of design at the molecular level, and hence God had to have gotten things started.
Darwinism cannot account for the complex molecules that make life tick.

34. Morris, "Life's Grand Design."

35. Farivar, "UC-Berkeley Scholars Weigh In On Challenge to Evolution."

36. "Challenging Darwin," The Washington Times.

37. See Carl Wieland, "AIG's Views on the Intelligent Design Movement," August 30, 2002, Answers
in Genesis website.

38. Fryman, "The Intelligent Design Movement," p. 4.

1. Hugh Ross, The Creator and the Cosmos (Colorado Springs, CO: NavPress, 2001), p. 32.

2. Robert Jastrow, God and the Astronomers (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1992), p.
12; see also pp. 28-29.

3. Jastrow, p. 12.

4. Norman L. Geisler and Ronald Brooks, When Skeptics Ask, The Norman Geisler CD-ROM Library
(Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 2002).

5. Paul Recer, "Universe Found 13 Billion Years Old," AP Online, April 25, 2002; see also Jimmy
H. Davis and Harty L. Poe, Designer Universe: Intelligent Design and the Existence ofGod (Nashville,
TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2002), pp. 80-81.

6. Jastrow, p. 13.

7. Dan Vergano, "NASA Peers Back to the Beginning of the Universe," USA Today, February 12,
2003, l OD; see also Paul Recer, "New Theory on Big Bang," AP Online, January 9, 2002.

8. Davis and Poe, pp. 80-81.

9. Jastrow, p. 55.

10. Michael Behe, Darwin's Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution (New York: The Free
Press, 1996), p. 244.

11. Ralph O. Muncaster, Dismantling Evolution (Eugene, OR: Harvest House Publishers, 2003), pp.
202-03.

12. British cosmologist Sir Arthur Eddington said the very idea was repugnant to him. See Ross, p.
77.

13. William A. Dembski, Intelligent Design: The Bridge Between Science i Theology (Downers Grove,
IL: InterVarsiry Press, 1999), pp. 204-05; Muncaster, p. 201.

14. Behe, p. 244.

15. Jastrow, p. 119.

16. "Scientists and Theologians Discover a Common Ground," U.S. News and World Report, July 20,
1998, p. 52.

17. Ross, p. 32.

18. Jeff Nesmith, "Big-Bang' Theory Prompts Scientists, Theologians to Explore," The Washington
Times, April 11, 1999, p. Al.

19. Design theorists point out that just a small increase in the rate of expansion of our universesay, by one part in 1060-would cause the universe to be too diffuse in matter to allow star formation. See Michael J. Belie, William A. Dembski, and Stephen C. Meyer, Science and Evidence for
Design in the Universe (San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press, 2002), p. 60. See also Ross, p. 151.

20. See Frank Roylance, "Was God Present at the Creation?" The Toronto Star, May 2, 1999, Electric
Library.

21. See Ross, p. 28.

22. R. C. H. Lenski, Hebrews (Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg Publishing House, 1961), p. 36.

23. F. F. Bruce, The Epistle to the Hebrews (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1979), p. 4.

24. John MacArthur, The Superiority of Christ (Chicago, IL: Moody Press, 1986), p. 33.

25 Harold B. Kuhn, "Creation," in Carl F. Henry, ed., Basic Christian Doctrines (Grand Rapids, MI:
Baker Book House, 1983), p. 61.

26. Louis Berkhof, Manual of Christian Doctrine (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing
Co., 1983), p. 96.

27. Henry Morris, The Biblical Basis for Modern Science (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1984),
p. 172.

28. Morris, p. 172.

29 Morris, p. 172.

30. Morris, p. 151.

31. Duane Gish, "The Big Bang Theory Collapses," Impact, No 216, June 1991; see also John Morris,
"Has the Big Bang Been Saved?" Back to Genesis, No. 42b, June 1992, both articles at Institute
for Creation Research website,www.icr.org.

32 Dr. Werner Girt, Creation Ex Nihilo, Vol. 20 No. 3, June-August 1998, pp. 42-44.

33. Gish, "The Big Bang Theory Collapses." Note that astronomers respond by arguing that the COBB
satellite has measured small fluctuations in background radiation, but it was only 30 millionths
of a degree, an insignificant variation. See Morris, "Has the Big Bang Been Saved?"

34. See Henry Morris, "The Cosmic Bubbleland," Back to Genesis, No. 150a, June 2001, Institute
for Creation Research website,www.icr.org.

35. See Henry Morris, "The Coming Big Bang," Back to Genesis, No. 101a, May 1997, Institute for
Creation Research website,www.icr.org; see also Ira Flatow, "Interview: Paul Steinhardt Discusses
an Alternate Theory on How the Universe Began," Talk ofthe Nation, NPR, May 17, 2002; Fred
Guterl, "The Creation Equation," Newsweek International, May 28, 2001, p. 55; "New Findings
Support Inflationary Universe," United Press International, May 23, 2002, Electric Library; Matt
Bell, "No More Big Bang? Stanford U. Research Presents New Beginning to Universe," University
Wire, February 11, 1999.

36 See, for example, Gregg Easterbrook, "What Came Before Creation?" US. News and World Report,
July 20, 1998, p. 44.

37. HenryMorris, "What Astronomers Don't Know," Back to Genesis, No. 163, July 7, 2002, Institute
for Creation Research website,www.icr.org.

38. For example, the science involved in intelligent design theory is extremely persuasive.

1. Isaac Asimov, "In the Game of Energy and Thermodynamics, You Can't Even Break Even,"
Smithsonian (June 1970), p. 6.