The 10 Things You Should Know About the Creation vs. Evolution Debate (23 page)

62. Richard Fortey, Life: A Natural History of the First Four Billion Years of Life on Earth (New York:
Alfred A. Knopf, 1997), p. 240; J. William Schopf, Evolution: Facts and Fallacies (San Diego, CA:
Academic Press, 1999), p. 17.

63. Ratzsch, p. 97.

64. Henry M. Morris, "Biblical Catastrophism and Modern Science," Bibliotbeca Sacra (Dallas, TX:
Dallas Theological Seminary [Electronic edition by Galaxie Software]) 1999. See also Morris,
Scientific Creationism, p. 97.

65. Morris, The Biblical Basis for Modern Science, p. 350.

66. Douglas Belkin, "God vs. Darwin-Faith vs. Science-Adam vs. an Ape," The Palm Beach Post,
August 22, 1999, p. I D, online edition.

1. As noted by Phillip E. Johnson, Defeating Darwinism by Opening Minds (Downers Grove, IL:
InterVarsiry Press, 1997), p. 62.

2. Websteri Revised Unabridged Dictionary (Micra, Inc., 1998), Internet edition.

3. WordNet 1.6 (Princeton University, 1997), Internet edition.

4. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth edition (Houghton Mifflin
Company, 2000), Internet edition.

5. See Michael Benton, "Life's Patterns and the Fossil Record," in Stephen Jay Gould, ed., The Book
ofLife: An Illustrated History of the Evolution ofLife on Earth (New York: W.W. Norton, 2001),
p. 33.

6. Henry Morris, The Biblical Basis forModern Science (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1984),
p. 344.

7. H.L. Willmington, Willmington's Guide to the Bible (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1984),
p. 28.

8. Duane T. Gish, Evolution: The Fossils Still Say No! (El Cajon, CA: Institute for Creation Research,
1995), p. 27.

9. Michael Denton, Evolution: A Theory in Crisis (Chevy Chase, MD: Adler & Adler, 1986), p. 160.

10. Charles Darwin, On the Origin ofSpecies (New York: The Modern Library, 1856 reprint), 307;
http://www.literiturepage.com/read/darwin-origin-of-species.htnil.

11. See Ralph O. Muncaster, Dismantling Evolution (Eugene, OR: Harvest House Publishers, 2003),
PP. 69-73.

12. The Book of Life, 1.

13. Richard Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without
Design (New York: W.W. Norton, 1996), p. 229.

14. I realize some evolutionists believe that certain fossil discoveries, such as that of the
archaeopteryx, represent a transitional form. But this is not a legitimate transitional form, as I
demonstrate later in the chapter.

15. Named after Cambria, Wales, where massive fossil beds were discovered and studied in the 1800s.

16. See J. William Schopf, Evolution: Facts and Fallacies (San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1999), p.
7; The Book ofLife, p. 2.

17. Stephen Jay Gould, I Have Landed- The End ofa Beginning in Natural History (New York: Harmony
Books, 2002), p. 251. See also Richard Fortey, Life: A Natural History of the First Four Billion
Years of Life on Earth (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1999), pp. 100-06.

18. William A. Dembski and James M. Kushiner, eds., Signs oflntelligence (Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos
Press, 2001), p. 149.

19. Dawkins, p. 229.

20. See Phillip E. Johnson, Darwin on Trial (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsiry Press, 1993), p. 54.

21. Dawkins, p. 229.

22. Johnson, Darwin on Trial, p. 24.

23. Ernst Mayr, What Evolution Is (New York: Basic Books, 2001), p. 60.

24. Mayr, p. 59.

25. Steve Jones, Darwin's Ghost The Origin ofSpecies Updated (New York: Random House, 2000),
p. 207.

26. Time magazine reports that among the Burgess Shale fossils, "Preserved were not just the hardshelled creatures familiar to Darwin and his contemporaries but also the fossilized remains of softbodied beasts like Aysheaia and Ottoia" U. Madeleine Nash, "When Life Exploded for Billions
of Years, Simple Creatures Like Plankton, Bacteria and Algae Ruled the Earth. Then, Suddenly,
Life Got Very Complicated," Tirne, December 4, 1995, 66ff). Bryn Nelson reports that "scientists have discovered some flattened soft-tissue fossils in late Precambrian and Cambrian phosphate-rich layers in Greenland and China" (Bryn Nelson, "Find May Give Clue to Cambrian
`Explosion,"' Newsday, July 20, 2001, p. A28).

27. See Henry Morris, The Biblical Basis for Modern Science (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House,
1984), p. 339.

28. Over a five- to ten-million year period, which, according to geologists, is a mere geologic eye blink.
See Michael J. Belie, Darwin's Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution (New York: The
Free Press, 1996), p. 27; Charles Kingsley Levy, Evolutionary Wars: A Three-Billion-YearArms Race
(New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1999), pp. 13-14.

29. Phillip Johnson has noted that one museum he is aware of provides "imaginary common ancestors" for various animal groups, which serve to convince the ignorant that transitionary links have
been discovered. This is nothing more than a deception. See Johnson, Defeating Darwinism by
Opening Minds, p. 38.

30. Hank Hanegraaff, "FACE the Facts About Evolution," Statement DF803, Christian Research
Institute.

31. Stephen Jay Gould, "The Return of Hopeful Monsters," Natural History 76 (June-July 1977),
p. 24.

32. Stephen Jay Gould, "Evolution's Erratic Pace," Natural History 86 (May 1977), pp. 14-15.

33. Stephen Jay Gould, "Is a New and General Theory of Evolution Emerging?" Pales biology 6 (1980),
p. 40.

34. Darwin, 160; littp://www.literaturepage.com/read/darwin-origin-of-species.htnil.

35. See Mayr, p. 65; Gould, I Have Landed, p. 325; Jones, p. 206; Levy, p. 174; The Book of Life,
p. 144. Evolutionists also claim that some of the ape-men discoveries also represent transitional
forms. See, for example, Rod Caird, Ape Man: The StoryofHuman Evolution (New York: MacMillan,
1994); and Paul Jordan, Neanderthal: Neanderthal Man and the Story of Human Origins (Great
Britain: Sutton, 1999). 1 discuss this in a later chapter.

36. See Fortey, p. 47.

37. Morris, The Biblical Basis for Modern Science, p. 341.

38. John Noble Wilford, "An Early Bird Mars Theory on Dinosaurs," in Nicholas Wade, ed., The
Science Times Book of Fossils and Evolution (New York: The Lyons Press, 1998), pp. 65-66. See
also "A New Flap Over Birds' Evolutionary Path," Newsday, November 19, 1996; Dinshaw K.
Dadachanj im, "Origins of Life Reconsidered," The World andl, September 1, 1997; James Vicini,
"Bird's Descent from Dinosaurs In Doubt," Reuters, November 14, 1996.

39. The Book ofLife, pp. 29, 32.

40. Dawkins, p. 229.

41. Mayr, p. 289.

42. Gish, pp. 354-55.

43. See The Book ofLi}e, p. 32.

44. This summary is based on Muncaster, p. 86.

45. Gish, p. 34.

46. Denton, back flap.

1. DelRatzsch,TheBattleofBeginnings:WhyNeitherSideIsWinningtheCreation-EvolutionDebate
(Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1996), p. 42; see also Dylan Evans and Howard Selina,
Introducing Evolution (Cambridge: Totem Books, 2001), p. 20.

2. Ernst Mayr, What Evolution Is (New York: Basic Books, 2001), p. 237. See also Richard Fortey,
Life: A Natural History of the First Four Billion Years ofLife on Earth (New York: Alfred A. Knopf,
1997), p. 291.

3. See Stephen Jay Gould, ed., The Book ofLife (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2001),
p. 220.

4. Mayr, p. 235.

5. Mayr, pp. 235-36.

6. Marvin L. Lubenow, Bones ofContention: A CreationistAssessmentofHuman Fossils (Grand Rapids,
M1: Baker Book House, 1992), pp. 37-38.

7. See Evans and Selina, p. 140.

8. Dr. William L. Straus, of Johns Hopkins Medical College, and Dr. A.J.E. Cave, of St. Bartholomew's
Hospital Medical College in London, published their new findings in 1957. See Richard Milton,
Shattering the Myths of Darwinism (Rochester, VT: Park Street Press, 1997), p. 202.

9. It is also possible that Neanderthal man had a severe case of arthritis.

10. John D. Morris, "Is Neanderthal in Our FamilyTree?" Back to Genesis, No. 105b, September 1997,
Institute for Creation Research.

11. See Charles Kingsley Levy, Evolutionary Wars: A Three-Billion-Year Arms Race (New York: W.H.
Freeman and Company, 1999), p. 255. See also Fortey, p. 394; The Book of Life, p. 245. Some
have suggested the possibility that the thick bones, large heads, ridged eyebrows, and heavy muscles
of Neanderthal man maybe due to a chronic iodine deficiency and cretinism, though this theory
has been much disputed. See Guy Gugliotta, "The Neanderthal: A Modern Man with Disease?"
The Washington Post, May 24, 1999, Electric Library.

12. See Dave Phillips, "Neanderthals Are Still Human!" Impact, No. 323, May 2000, Institute for
Creation Research.

13. See Paul Jordan, Neanderthal: Neanderthal Man and the Story of Human Origins (Great Britain:
Sutton Publishing, 1999), p. 75.

14. Lubenow, pp. 37-38.

1 5 . Jordan, p. 51.

16. The Book ofLife, p. 245.

17. Jordan, 100. See also Morris, "Is Neanderthal in our Family Tree?"

18. The Book of Life, p. 247.

19. Milton, 202. See also Morris, Scientific Creationism, pp. 175-76; Gleason L. Archer, Encyclopedia
ofBible Difficulties (Grand Rapids, MI: Zonderan, 1982), p. 63.

20. Evolutionist John Noble Wilford notes: "New fossil evidence shows that the enigmatic Neanderthals,
the last competitors to modern humans in their ascent to global dominion, were still living in
Croatia as recently as 33,000 years ago and in southern Spain only 30,000 years ago" (John Noble
Wilford, "Neanderthals and Modern Humans Co-Existed Longer Than Thought," Nicholas Wade,
ed., The Science Times Book ofFossils and Evolution [New York: The Lyons Press, 1998], p. 225).
This certainly does not set well with the traditional evolutionary model with a linear development of one species into another (see Phillip E. Johnson, Defeating Darwinism by OpeningMinds
[Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1997], p. 61). Scholars have noted the possibility of the
Neanderthals and modern humans interbreeding. If they could, Johnson argues, they should all
be categorized together as a single species, Homo sapiens (61). Some, however, have disputed that
interbreeding took place (Paul Recer, "Neanderthals, Humans May Have Never Mixed," AP Online,
March 6, 2003).

21. See J. William Schopf, Evolution: Facts and Fallacies (San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1999), p.
39.

22. James Perloff, "Time Magazine's New Age Man," Creation Matters, Vol. 6, No. 4, July/August
2001, p. 2.

23. Fortey, p. 292.

24. See Milton, p. 197.

25. Rudolph Virchow, cited in Perloff, p. 2.

26. Milton, p. 198.

27. See H.L. Willmington, Willmington's Guide to the Bible (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers,
1984), p. 21.

28. Milton, p. 261.

29. Rod Caird, Ape-Man: The Story ofHuman Evolution (New York: MacMillan, 1994), 68. See also
Fortey, p. 291.

30. Caird, p. 69.

31. See Milton, p. 261.

32. Lubenow, p. 42.

33. Caird, p. 71.

34. Caird, p. 71. Various suggestions have been made, however. Possible culprits have included Charles
Dawson, Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Teilhard de Chardin, and Martin
Hinton. See Meir Ronnen, `Bones of Contention," Jerusalem Post, April 24, 1997, Electric Library;
and Jennifer Olson, "Bones in Box Show Culprit Behind Piltdown Fraud," Reuters, May 22, 1996,
Electric Library

35. Perloff, p. 2.

36. Willmington, p. 21.

37. Hank Hanegraaff, The Face that Demonstrates the Farce of Evolution (Nashville, TN: W Publishing
Group, 1998), pp. 56-57.

38. Hanegraaff, pp. 49-50.

39. Norman Geisler and Joseph Holden, Living Loud- Defending Your Faith (Nashville, TN: Broadman
& Holman Publishers, 2002), p. 60. Hanegraaff, pp. 49-50.

40. Milton, p. 205; Willmington, p. 22.

41. Mark Ridley, ed., Evolution (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 335. See also Fortey,
p. 297.

42. John D. Morris, "Was Lucy an Ape Man?" Back to Genesis, No. 1lb, November 1989, Institute
for Creation Research.

43. The Book of Life, p. 236.

44. The Book ofLife, p. 236.

45. Milton, 206.

46. Morris, "Was Lucy an Ape .Man?"

47. Zuckerman and Oxnard are cited in Perloff, p. 3.

48. Fortey, p. 300.

49. Henry Morris, The Biblical Basis for Modern Science (Grand Rapids, ME Baker Book House, 1984),
p. 393.

50. 1 should note that young-earth and old-earth creationists understand things a bit differently. Youngearth creationists believe that apes have always been apes and humans have always been humans,
and that the first true humans were Adam and Eve. No humans or prehuman anthropoids lived
before Adam and Eve. Old-earth creationists, by contrast, allow for the possibility of pre-Adamic
races of anthropoids who had significant intelligence and resourcefulness but who died out before
Adam and Eve came on the scene. Old-earth creationists believe that many of the fossil discoveries relate to living beings who died before the time of Adam and Eve. Related to this, Gleason
Archer observes: "There may have been advanced and intelligent hominids who lived and died
before Adam, but they were not created in the image of God.... Though these early cave dwellers
may have developed certain skills in their pursuit of nourishment and engaged in war with one
another-as other animals do-nevertheless there is no archaeological evidence of a true human
soul as having animated their bodies." See Archer, pp. 64-65.

51. Milton, p. 199.

52. Milton, p. 199.

53. Steve Jones, Darwin's Ghost The Origin ofSpecies Updated (New York: Random House, 2000),
p. 323.

54. Michael D. Lemonick, "How Man Began," Time, March 14, 1994, Electric Library.

1. Charles Ryrie, A Survey of Bible Doctrine (Chicago, IL: Moody Press), electronic version.