Target Tokyo: Jimmy Doolittle and the Raid That Avenged Pearl Harbor (87 page)

147
 “We all wanted it”: Chase Nielsen testimony in the case of
United States of America vs. Shigeru Sawada et al
.

147
 “You are to bomb”: Doolittle,
I Could Never Be So Lucky Again
, pp. 265–66.

148
 “Even though I could have”: Ibid., p. 266.

148
 Most would carry: Charles R. Greening to James H. Doolittle, Report on Bombs Used in Tokyo-Osaka Raid, May 2, 1942, included with Merian C. Cooper, “The Doolittle Air Raid on Japan,” June 22, 1942.

148
 “You will drop the demolition”: This exchange comes from Doolittle,
I Could Never Be So Lucky Again
, pp. 266–67.

148
 “Each pilot must decide”: Ibid., p. 270.

149
 “We figured”: Ralph Wakley, “Fliers Risked Lives in Daring Raid,”
Standard-Examiner
, April 5, 1992, p. 1.

149
 Each combat crew member: Report of Major Harry Johnson Jr., Adjutant, B25B Project, undated.

149
 “I went through”: McElroy, “When We Were One,” p. 28.

149
 “
Lusau hoo metwa fugi
”: Stephen Jurika Jr., “Prepare to Launch,” in
Carrier Warfare in the Pacific: An Oral History Collection
, ed. E.T. Wooldridge (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993), p. 27.

149
 “The Japanese wore
tabi
”:
The Reminiscences of Captain Stephen Jurika, Jr.
, vol. 1, pp. 488–89.

149
 Greening continued: J. H. Doolittle, Report on the Aerial Bombing of Japan, June 5, 1942; Report of Major Harry Johnson Jr., Adjutant, B25B Project, undated.

149
 “Know anything about a tail gun?”: “Tokyo Flyer,”
Los Angeles Times
, April 25, 1943, p. G2.

149
 “Pilots plotted”: Report of Major Harry Johnson Jr., Adjutant, B25B Project, undated.

149
 “I don’t want you”: Lawson,
Thirty Seconds over Tokyo
, pp. 42–43.

150
 Mission doctor Thomas White administered: T. R. White to Air Surgeon, “Report of Activities Covering the Period from March 1, 1942, to June 16, 1942,” June 23, 1942.

150
 “One chap swore”: Thomas White, “Memoirs of ‘Doc’ White,” p. 2.

150
  “The way the Doc talked”: Joseph Manske diary, April 15, 1942.

150
 “Are there snakes”: This exchange comes from Richard Tedesco, “Thirty Seconds over Tokyo,”
San Antonio Light
, March 4, 1989, p. H1.

CHAPTER 9

151
 “Four months today”: Breckinridge Long diary, April 7, 1942, in Israel, ed.,
The War Diary of Breckinridge Long
, p. 255.

151
 Japan had seized: USSBS,
The Campaigns of the Pacific War
, pp. 26–32; Raymond Daniell, “Rangoon Capture Confirmed in India,”
New York Times
, March 10, 1942, p. 5; “Darwin Is Raided,” ibid., Feb. 19, 1942, p. 1; “Darwin Raids Rank with London Blitz,” ibid., Feb. 22, 1942, p. 3; “Java Seen Most Involved,” ibid., Feb. 21, 1942, p. 3.

151
 who sulked for weeks: Winston Churchill to Franklin Roosevelt, April 1, 1942, in Francis L. Loewenheim, Harold D. Langley, and Manfred Jonas, eds.,
Roosevelt and Churchill: Their Secret Wartime Correspondence
(New York: Saturday Review Press/E. P. Dutton, 1975), p. 200.

151
 “I do not like”: Winston Churchill to Franklin Roosevelt, Feb. 19, 1942, ibid., p. 181.

151
 “The weight of the war”: Winston Churchill to Franklin Roosevelt, March 7, 1942, ibid., p. 187.

151
 “No matter how serious”: Franklin Roosevelt to Winston Churchill, Feb. 18, 1942, ibid., p. 179.

151
 “There is no use”: Franklin Roosevelt to Winston Churchill, March 18, 1942, ibid., p. 195.

151
 “Once a month”: Ibid., p. 196.

152
 “You wax positively”: Franklin Roosevelt to Fred I. Kent, March 12, 1942, in Elliott Roosevelt, ed.,
F.D.R.: His Personal Letters, 1928–1945
, vol. 2 (New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1950), pp. 1294–95.

152
 Under orders from Roosevelt: Joseph T. McNarney memo to Franklin Roosevelt, Food Situation in the Philippines, April 8, 1942, Box 55, RG 165, Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs, Office of the Director of Plans and Operations, NARA; Jonathan Wainwright, “Wainwright’s Story,” pt. 9, “Japs Struck Bataan like Silent Snakes,”
Evening Citizen
, Oct. 15, 1945, p. 3.

152
 “Our troops have been subsisted”: Jonathan Wainwright radiogram to George Marshall, April 8, 1942, quoted in Joseph T. McNarney memo to Franklin Roosevelt, Situation in Bataan, April 8, 1942, Box 55, RG 165, Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs, Office of the Director of Plans and Operations, NARA.

152
 “In view of my intimate”: Douglas MacArthur radiogram to George Marshall, April 8, 1942, quoted ibid.

152
 “I have nothing”: Franklin Roosevelt proposed dispatch to Jonathan Wainwright, undated, ibid.

153
 “terrible silence”: Jonathan Wainwright, “Wainwright’s Story,” pt. 13, “Half-Starved Troops Ordered to Attack,”
Evening Citizen
, Oct. 19, 1945, p. 3.

153
 “If there is anything”: Ibid.

153
 “Our flag still flies”: Jonathan Wainwright to Franklin Roosevelt, April 10, 1942, quoted in Joseph T. McNarney memo to Franklin Roosevelt, undated, Box 55, RG 165, Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs, Office of the Director of Plans and Operations, NARA.

153
 “Bataan is a bugle call”:
San Francisco Chronicle
, as quoted in Bureau of Intelligence, Office of Facts and Figures, Survey of Intelligence Materials No. 19, April 15, 1942, Microfilm Roll #30, President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Office Files, 1933–1944, pt. 4: Subject Files.

153
 “Attack is not only suited”: “From Lease-Lend to Attack,” editorial,
New York Times
, March 12, 1942, p. 18.

153
 “Deck lashings”: Sims,
First over Japan
, p. 23.

154
 “Can you fix it?”: This exchange comes from Edward Saylor, “Doolittle Tokyo Raid,” personal narrative, Jan. 14, 1989, Box 5, Series II, DTRAP.

154
 “There was nobody around”: Ibid.

154
 “Ran it up”: Ibid.

155
 “All right, sir”: Lawson,
Thirty Seconds over Tokyo
, p. 38.

155
 “I’ve been training”: This exchange comes from Hite oral history interview with Hasdorff, Dec. 16–17, 1982.

155
 “I would have gone”: Ibid.

155
 The airmen used: Greening, “The First Joint Action,” p. 18.

155
 With a background: Jack Hilger, undated questionnaire, Box 3, Series II, DTRAP.

155
 Doolittle’s navigator: Potter oral history interview with Hasdorff, June 8–10, 1979.

155
 Richard Cole likewise: Cole oral history interview with Hasdorff, Dec. 12–13, 1988.

155
 Joseph Manske visited: Joseph Manske diary, April 10, 12, 1942.

155
 “Hey, has Bill been here?”: This exchange comes from Macia oral history interview with Hasdorff, July 15–16, 1987.

155
 “The meals in the Navy”: Kenneth Reddy diary, April 2, 1942.

155
 “The Navy fattened”: Lawson,
Thirty Seconds over Tokyo
, p. 38.

155
 “I had never eaten”: Robert Bourgeois to Ross Greening, Individual Histories questionnaire, undated (ca. 1950).

156
 “What in the world”: Jones oral history interview with Hasdorff, Jan. 13–14, 1987.

156
 “I fear the dice games”: McClure as told to Shinnick, “How We Bombed Tokio: Flyers Aboard
Hornet
,” p. 4.

156
 “Since I’ve been aboard”: Kenneth Reddy diary, April 7–15, 1942.

156
 Davy Jones shared: Jones oral history interview with Hasdorff, Jan. 13–14, 1987; Greening,
Not As Briefed
, p. 20.

156
 “When you brag”: Barrett Tillman,
Clash of the Carriers: The True Story of the Marianas Turkey Shoot of World War II
(New York: NAL Caliber, 2006), p. 77.

156
 “Deep in the Heart of Texas”: Edward B. Harp Jr., “God Stood beside Us,” in
This Is It!
, ed. Harry Davis (New York: Vanguard Press, 1944), p. 22.

156
 “He forgot one thing”: Greening, “The First Joint Action,” p. 54.

157
 The Navy’s senior officers:
Balch
deck log, April 15, 1942, Box 688, RG 24, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, Deck Logs, 1941–1950, NARA.

157
 “How are you doing?”: This exchange comes from Sutherland oral history interview with the Navy, May 14, 1943.

157
 “Most of them slept in”:
The Reminiscences of Captain Stephen Jurika, Jr.
, vol. 1, p. 462.

157
 “Being so flush”: McClure as told to Shinnick, “How We Bombed Tokio: Flyers Aboard
Hornet
,” p. 4.

157
 “If you didn’t play poker”: Richard Cole, undated questionnaire, Box 1, Series II, DTRAP.

157
 The airmen spied whales: Joseph Manske diary, April 6, 1942. Details of the tuna are drawn from NARA photos #330696-97.

157
 “I began to wonder”: C. Hoyt Watson,
DeShazer
(Winona Lake, Ind.: Light and Life Press, 1972), p. 22.

158
 “Looking down”: Harp Jr., “God Stood beside Us,” p. 12.

158
 “The service was nice”: Kenneth Reddy diary, April 5, 1942.

158
 “Easter Sunday”: Joseph Manske diary, April 5, 1942.

159
 “When I boarded the plane”: Halsey,
Admiral Halsey’s Story
, p. 102.

159
 Halsey spent April 7: E. B. Potter,
Bull Halsey
(Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1985), pp. 57–58.

159
 The
Enterprise
sortied:
Enterprise
deck log, April 8, 1942, Box 3150, RG 24, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, Deck Logs, 1941–1950, NARA; G. D. Murray to Chester Nimitz, “Report of Action in Connection with the Bombing of Tokyo on April 18, 1942,” April 23, 1942, Box 966, RG 38, Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, World War II Action and Operational Reports, NARA.

159
 “same old Punch and Judy show”: Robert Casey diary, April 8, 1942, in Robert J. Casey,
Torpedo Junction: With the Pacific Fleet from Pearl Harbor to Midway
(Garden City, N.Y.: Halcyon House, 1944), p. 290.

159
 “Maybe things”: Ibid.

159
 “All we know”: Robert Casey diary, April 9, 1942, ibid., p. 291.

159
 “Cold as all Alaska”: Walter Karig and Welbourn Kelley,
Battle Report: Pearl Harbor to Coral Sea
(New York: Rinehart, 1944), p. 295.

159
 “The ships ahead”: Robert Casey diary, April 12, 1942, in Casey,
Torpedo Junction
, p. 300.

160
 The
Hornet
had received news: Marc Mitscher to Chester Nimitz, April 28, 1942, “Report of Action, April 18, 1942, with Notable Events Prior and Subsequent Thereto”;
Hornet
deck log, April 12–13, 1942.

160
 “As I flew”: Ronald W. Russell,
No Right to Win: A Continuing Dialogue with Veterans of the Battle of Midway
(New York: iUniverse, 2006), p. 15.

160
 “They’re B-25s!”: This exchange comes from Potter,
Bull Halsey
, pp. 58–59.

160
 
Hornet
took over:
Hornet
deck log, April 13, 1942; G. D. Murray to Chester Nimitz, Report of Action in Connection with the Bombing of Tokyo on April 18, 1942, April 23, 1942.

160
 “This force”: Halsey,
Admiral Halsey’s Story
, p. 102.

161
 “Never have I heard”: Ibid.

161
 “Intention fuel heavy ships”:
Ellet
war diary, April 13–14, 1942, Box 832, RG 38, Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, World War II War Diaries, NARA.

161
 “This is a big force”: Robert Casey diary, April 13, 1942, in Casey,
Torpedo Junction
, p. 423.

161
 “You are about to take part”: Ibid., p. 425.

161
 The same day the task force:
Hornet
deck log, April 13–15, 1942.

161
 “Here lies”: Robert Casey diary, April 14, 1942, in Casey,
Torpedo Junction
, p. 302.

161
 Each new day: Details are drawn from a review of
Hornet
deck log, April 1–18, 1942;
Hornet
war diary, April 7, 1942, Box 953, RG 38, Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, World War II War Diaries, NARA.

162
 “It seemed to me”: Robert Bourgeois to Ross Greening, Individual Histories questionnaire, undated (ca. 1950).

162
 The danger was reflected: R. M. Ihrig, “Battle Instructions No. 2,” April 4, 1942, and “Battle Instructions No. 3,” April 6, 1942, included with
Cimarron
war diary.

162
 “Throw overboard”: R. M. Ihrig, “Battle Instructions No. 3,” April 6, 1942.

162
 “Keep all unnecessary lights”: Ibid.

162
 Bad weather continued: Marc Mitscher to Chester Nimitz, April 28, 1942, “Report of Action, April 18, 1942, with Notable Events Prior and Subsequent Thereto”;
Cimarron
war diary, April 7, 1942.

162
 The
Vincennes
lost:
Vincennes
deck log, April 6, 1942;
Cimarron
deck log, April 9, 1942.

162
 Heavy seas one night:
Vincennes
deck log, April 7, 1942; Joseph W. Manske oral history interview with James C. Hasdorff, June 22, 1988, AFHRA; Lawson,
Thirty Seconds over Tokyo
, p. 39.

162
 “We ran into the God damnedest weather”: Robin Merton Lindsey oral history interview with the Navy, Sept. 17, 1943 Box 17, RG 38, Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, World War II Oral Histories and Interviews, 1942–1946, NARA.

163
 “You could feel it”: Field, “With the Task Force,” p. 90.