Redeemers (73 page)

Brief History of Mexico,
79

and Catholicism, 83–84

death of, 85

educational crusade of, 62–63, 65–67, 122, 141

Estudios Hindostánicos,
58

in exile, 56, 74, 76, 79–80, 135

and Nazism, 164

followers of, 79, 87–89, 95, 100, 103, 141, 146, 177–78

“El Fusilado” (The Executed Man), 61

heroes of, 56–57, 68

and Latin American nationalism, 72–74, 95

as Maderista, 49, 54–55

memoirs of, 56, 61, 79, 82

and National University, 61–63, 65, 141

Plotinus studies of, 59–62, 65, 83

and presidential elections, 74, 76–78, 80, 82–83, 85, 141

publishing program of, 63–65, 66

La raza cósmica
(The Cosmic Race), 75–76, 112, 114, 115

and Revolution, 54–56, 57, 67–69, 73, 78–79, 141

Selected Pages (
Páginas escogidas
), 177

and the soul, 58–59, 61–62, 75

and
Timón
(Rudder), 81, 83

La tormenta,
57

Ulises Criollo
(The Creole Ulysses), 56, 178

“When the Eagle Destroys the Serpent,” 56

and World War II, 81–82, 83, 84

Vasconcelos, José Ignacio (son), 55

Vasconcelos, Serafina Miranda (wife), 55, 84

Vatican II, 248, 407, 412–13, 415

Vázquez Montalbán, Manuel, 357

Vega Albela, Rafael, 180

Velasco, José María, 176–77

Velázquez, Fidel, 439

Venezuela:

and Chávez,
see
Chávez, Hugo

civil society in, 481

and corruption, 475, 481

and democracy, 342, 472–73, 476, 481

economy of, 475, 476, 477, 481

elections in, 295

founder of the Republic, 452

guerrilla actions in, 246, 378

history into scripture, 451, 489

liberal democracy in, 457

oil in, 472–74

poverty in, 456, 472

Santería in, 458

social programs in, 474–75

Vera, Raúl, 410

Vietnam, boat people of, 354–55

Vietnam War, protests against, 245

Vilaseca, Salvador, 309

Villa, José Moreno, 172

Villa, Pancho:

death of, 122

followers of, 50–51, 88, 121, 133, 148, 442

and Revolution, 50, 130

Villalobos, Joaquín, 326

Villaseñor, Eduardo, 162

Villaseñor, Víctor Manuel, 247

Villaurrutia, Xavier, 144, 172

Villistas, 50, 55, 56, 133

Villoro, Luis, 220

Viqueira, Juan Pedro, 419

Virgil, 68

Virgin of Guadalupe, 120, 250, 451

Vonnegut, Kurt, 442

Vrancic, Vjekoslav, 287

Vuelta,
240–43, 250, 251–52, 253, 258, 261, 263, 267–68, 383

 

Wall Street, collapse of, 166

Wang Wei, 240

Weinberger, Eliot, 235

Whitman, Walt, 13, 27, 87, 158

Wilson, Edmund, xi

Wilson, Henry Lane, 50

Wilson, Woodrow, 39, 96

Womack, John, Jr.,
Rebellion in Chiapas,
405, 406

World War I, 46

and Mariátegui, 96, 97–98, 99–100

and Mexico, 51–52, 130, 171

postwar revolutionary movements, 102

World War II:

Axis sympathizers in, 264

and Mexico, 163–64, 166–67, 171–72

postwar anti-U.S. sentiments, 294–95

and Soviet Union, 164

and Vasconcelos, 81–82, 83, 84

 

Xirau, Ramón, 220

 

Yáñez, Agustín, 206

Yeats, W. B., 240

Yom Kippur War, 260–61

Yugoslavia, 201

Yunus, Muhammad, 226

 

Zabludovsky, Jacobo, 253

Zaid, Gabriel, 195, 226, 234, 242, 258, 261, 324, 443

Zambrano, María, 154, 203

Zamora, Ezequiel, 452–53

Zapata, Emiliano:

death of, 122, 134, 135

followers of, xiii, 50–51, 121, 139, 237, 263, 442–43;
see also
Zapatistas

and Paz Solórzano, 129, 133–34, 135, 136, 138–39, 140, 149, 152, 188, 237

and Revolution, 50, 128, 129, 130, 133, 263, 384, 405–7

Zapatismo, Golden Age of, 201, 237, 406, 442

Zapatistas, 50

and civil war, 55

and democracy, 445, 447

and EZLN, 423, 424, 425, 428–29, 439

fading interest in, 447

and fall of Berlin Wall, 425

and land reform, 426

in Las Cañadas, 414–15, 423

legacy of, 263

and Marcos, 269, 405, 407, 424–25, 430–31, 433–34, 440, 442–43, 445, 448, 456

rebellion (1994), 427–29, 433–34, 441, 446, 448

and Ruiz, 407, 425, 426–29, 442

zarzuela,
93

Zavala, Lorenzo de, 26

Zayas-Bazán, Carmen, 6, 7, 18

Zevada, Ricardo J., 247

Zinnemann, Fred, 193

About the Author

ENRIQUE KRAUZE
is the author of twenty books, including
Mexico: Biography of Power
. He has written for
The New York Times
,
The New Republic
,
Dissent
magazine,
The Washington Post
, and
The New York Review of Books
. Krauze lives in Mexico City.

 

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www.AuthorTracker.com
for exclusive information on your favorite HarperCollins authors.

Also by Enrique Krauze

Mexico: Biography of Power

Copyright

A hardcover edition of this book was published in 2011 by HarperCollins Publishers.

REDEEMERS
. Copyright © 2011 by Enrique Krauze. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the nonexclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse-engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.

FIRST HARPER PERENNIAL EDITION PUBLISHED
2012.

Grateful acknowledgment for permission to reproduce illustrations is made to the following:

Courtesy of LatinstockMexico/Corbis: page 2 (Martí); page 272 (Péron). Courtesy of the National Library of Uruguay, literary file: page 22 (Rodó). Courtesy of CONACULTAINAH-MEX; authorized reproduction by Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia: page 48 (Vasconcelos). Courtesy of Ricardo Salazar: page 118 (Paz). Courtesy of AFP/Roger Viollet: page 292 (Guevara). Courtesy of Rodrigo Castaño: page 332 (Castro and García Márquez). Courtesy of Fiorella Battistini: page 364 (Vargas Llosa). Courtesy of Notimex: page 404 (Ruiz). Courtesy of AFP/José Uzon: page 432 (Marcos). Courtesy of Reuters: page 450 (Chávez).

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Krauze, Enrique.

Redeemers: ideas and power in Latin America / Enrique Krauze; translated by Hank Heifetz and Natasha Wimmer.—1st ed.

p. cm.

ISBN-13: 978-0-06-621473-3 (hard)

ISBN-10: 0-06-621473-4 (hard)

ISBN-13: 978-0-06-093844-4 (pbk.)

ISBN-10: 0-06-093844-7 (pbk.)

Epub Edition © JULY 2013 ISBN 9780062309297

1. Intellectuals—Latin America—Biography. 2. Politicians—Latin America—Biography. 3. Revolutionaries—Latin America—Biography. 4. Latin America—Intellectual life—19th century. 5. Latin America—Intellectual life—20th century. 6. Latin America—Politics and government—19th century. 7. Latin America—Politics and government—20th century. 8. Political science—Latin America—History—19th century. 9. Political science—Latin America—History—20th century. 10. Power (Social sciences)—Latin America—History. I. Title.

F1407.K73 2011

980.03—dc22

2010052591

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