Margaret Thatcher: Power and Personality (105 page)

25 BATTING FOR BRITAIN IN SAUDI ARABIA

  
1
  AC: Interview with Sir Richard Evans, confirmed by author’s earlier conversations in Saudi Arabia with Princes Sultan bin Abdul Aziz, Fahd bin Salman, Mohamed bin Fahd and others.

  
2
  Ibid.: Interview with Wafic Saïd.

  
3
  Ibid.

  
4
  Ibid.

  
5
  Ibid.: Interview with Sir Richard Evans and conversations with Prince Bandar bin Sultan.

  
6
  Ibid.: Interview with Sir Richard Evans.

  
7
  Ibid.

  
8
  Ibid.: Interview with Wafic Saïd.

  
9
  Ibid.

10
  Ibid.: see note 1.

11
  Ibid.: Interview with Sir Richard Evans.

12
  Ibid.

13
  Ibid.

14
  Tornado Project – Commercial Negotiations, Confidential telegram, Sir Patrick Wright (Riyadh) to Ministry of Defense 6 January 1986, copied to Private Secretary, Prime Minister.

15
  AC: Interview with Sir Richard Evans.

26 UNIONS AND MINERS

  
1
  AC: Interview with Lord Carrington.

  
2
  Ibid.: Interview with Sir John Hoskyns.

  
3
  Ibid.

  
4
  Ibid.

  
5
  MTF: Interview for Brian Walden,
Weekend World
, LWT, 6 January 1980.

  
6
  Hansard, HC Deb 22 January 1980.

  
7
  AC: Interview with Lord Howell.

  
8
  
The Times
, 5 July 1983.

  
9
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 341.

10
  AC: Author’s recollection, January 1984.

11
  Ibid., February 1984.

12
  
Daily Mirror
, 30 March 1983.

13
  AC: Sir Ian MacGregor speaking to the Conservative Philosophy Group, May 1984.

14
  
The Miner
, March 1983, quoted in Michael Crick,
Scargill and the Miners
, Penguin, 1985, p. 96.

15
  AC: Interview with Lord Turnbull.

16
  Ibid.

17
  Ibid.

18
  
The Times
, 30 May 1984.

19
  MTF: Speech to farmers at Banbury Cattle Market, 30 May 1984.

20
  AC: David Hart, June 1984.

21
  David Hart, (unpublished) diaries, 26 October 1984.

22
  AC: Interview with Sir Stephen Sherbourne.

23
  Millar,
A View from the Wings
, p. 299.

24
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 365.

25
  
Daily Express
, 2 October 1984.

26
  
Sunday Times
, 28 October and 4 November 1984.

27
  AC: Interview with Sir Stephen Sherbourne.

28
  Mount,
Cold Cream
, p. 330.

29
  AC: David Hart, June 1985.

30
  Thatcher, The
Downing Street Years
, p. 365.

31
  Ibid., p. 358.

32
  Margaret Thatcher interviewed for
Thatcher: The Downing Street Years
, BBC, 1993.

33
  AC: Interviews with Lord Bell.

34
  MTF: Interview for
TV Eye
, Thames TV, 24 January 1985.

35
  
The Times
, 26 January 1985.

36
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 375.

37
  AC: Margaret Thatcher to the author, April 1985.

38
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 378.

39
  Hansard, HC Deb 31 January 1985.

40
  
The Times
, 20 July 1984.

27 STRENGTHENING THE ‘SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP’ WITH RONALD REAGAN

  
1
  AC: interview with Lord Carrington.

  
2
  Ibid.

  
3
  Charles Powell, ‘Differences Were in the Detail’,
The Tablet
, 19 April 2012.

  
4
  Ronald Reagan,
An American Life
, Arrow Books, 1991, p. 204.

  
5
  
Viewpoint,
Ronald Reagan Pre-Presidential Radio Broadcast, April 1975, cited in Moore,
Margaret Thatcher, Vol. 1
, p. 314.

  
6
  Thatcher,
The Path to Power
, p. 372.

  
7
  AC: Interview with Lord Carrington.

  
8
  MTF: Exchange of toasts at the British Embassy dinner, 27 February 1981.

  
9
  Reagan,
The Reagan Diaries
, 27 February 1981, p. 5.

10
  MTF: Personal letter from Margaret Thatcher to Sir Nicholas Henderson, 5 March 1981.

11
  Reagan,
The Reagan Diaries
, 27 February 1981, p. 5.

12
  Young and Sloman,
The Thatcher Phenomenon
, p. 108.

13
  George Shultz,
Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State
, Macmillan, 1993, p. 152.

14
  Smith,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 224.

15
  Aldous,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 148.

16
  Reagan,
The Reagan Diaries
, 24 October 1983, p. 190.

17
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 331.

18
  Hansard, HC Deb 25 October 1983.

19
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 332.

20
  MTF: Telephone call from Reagan to Thatcher, 26 October 1983.

21
  Ibid.

22
  Aldous,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 151.

23
  MTF: Telephone call from Reagan to Thatcher, 26 October 1983.

24
  Brian Crozier,
Free Agent,
HarperCollins, 1993, p. 264.

25
  Campbell,
The Iron Lady
, p. 278.

26
  
The Economist
, 10 March 1984.

27
  Ibid., 3 March 1984.

28
  Aldous,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 163.

29
  
The Times
, 11 June 1984.

30
  Reagan,
An American Life,
p. 354.

31
  MTF: Fred F. Fielding Memo to President Reagan, 25 July 1984.

32
  AC: Conversation with Margaret Thatcher, 15 April 1984; see also Aitken,
Heroes and Contemporaries
, p. 142.

33
  Powell,
The Tablet
, 19 April 2012.

34
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 447.

35
  Kenneth Baker,
The Turbulent Years: My Life in Politics
, Faber and Faber, 1993, pp. 268–269.

36
  Aldous,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 213.

37
  Hansard, HC Deb 15 April 1986.

38
  AC: Edward Heath to the author, 16 April 1986.

39
  Reagan,
The Reagan Diaries
, 17 April 1986, p. 406.

40
  
New York Times
, 26 April 1986.

41
  ‘Reagan Urges Senate Action on U.S.–British Terrorism Treaty’,
AP News Archive
, 31 May 1986.

42
  Reagan,
The Reagan Diaries
, 17 June 1986. p. 425.

28 STARTING TO WIN THE COLD WAR

  
1
  AC: Conversation with Richard Nixon in 1982.

  
2
  Ibid.

  
3
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years,
p. 451.

  
4
  MTF: Sir Julian Bullard, Chequers Soviet Seminar, 8 September 1983.

  
5
  Ibid.

  
6
  Howe,
Conflict of Loyalty
, p. 317.

  
7
  AC: Interview with Lord Powell.

  
8
  Ibid.

  
9
  Sir Percy Cradock,
In Pursuit of British Interests
, John Murray, 1994, p. 14.

10
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 456.

11
  Aldous,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 160.

12
  AC: Interview with Sir Nigel Broomfield.

13
  Leonid Zamyatin, interview for
Kommersant Vlast
, Moscow, 4 May 2005.

14
  AC: Interview with Sir Nigel Broomfield.

15
  Ibid.

16
  AC: Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev.

17
  Ibid.: Interview with Lord Powell.

18
  Ibid.: Interview with Sir Bernard Ingham.

19
  Ibid.

20
  Ibid.: Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev.

21
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 460.

22
  AC: Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev.

23
  Ibid.

24
  Ibid.

25
  Ibid.

26
  Ibid.

27
  Ibid.

28
  Ibid.

29
  Ibid.

30
  Ibid.

31
  Smith,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 149.

32
  AC: Interview with Lord Powell.

33
  President Reagan, ‘Evil Empire’ speech, Address to the National Association of Evangelicals, Orlando, Florida, 3 March 1983.

34
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 463.

35
  AC: Interview with Sir Bernard Ingham.

36
  MTF: Statement by Margaret Thatcher after her meeting with Mikhail Gorbachev, BBC News, 17 December 1984.

37
  AC: Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev.

38
  Smith,
Reagan and Thatcher
, pp. 150–151.

39
  Bernard Ingham,
Kill the Messenger
, HarperCollins, 1994, p. 260.

40
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 466.

41
  Powell
, The Tablet
, 19 April 2012.

42
  MTF: Margaret Thatcher visit to Camp David, 22 December 1984.

43
  Ibid.

44
  Reagan,
The Reagan Diaries
, 22 December 1984, p. 289.

45
  James Baker interviewed for
Thatcher: The Downing Street Years
, BBC, 1993.

46
  AC: Conversation with Al Regnery Jr., 1987.

47
  Claire Berlinski, ‘
There Is No Alternative’: Why Margaret Thatcher Matters
, Basic Books, 2008, p. 289.

48
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 463.

49
  MTF: Speech to Joint US Houses of Congress, 20 February 1985.

50
  Campbell,
The Iron Lady
, p. 291.

51
  Howe,
Conflict of Loyalty
, p. 392.

52
  Aldous,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 194.

53
  Smith,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 167.

54
  Ibid.

55
  Aldous,
Reagan and Thatcher
, p. 195.

56
  Campbell,
The Iron Lady
, p. 293.

57
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 471.

58
  Dale,
Memories of Maggie
, p. 144.

59
  Margaret Thatcher interviewed for
Thatcher: The Downing Street Years
, BBC, 1993.

60
  MTF: Press Conference at the British Embassy, Washington, DC, 15 November 1986.

61
  
Sunday Times
16 November 1986.

62
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 471.

63
  AC: Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev.

64
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 479.

65
  CAC: DOHP/115: Sir Bryan Cartledge, p. 56.

66
  AC: Conversation with Carol Thatcher, 2000.

67
  CAC: DOHP/115: Sir Bryan Cartledge, p. 56.

68
  AC: Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev.

69
  Ibid.

70
  CAC: DOHP/115: Sir Bryan Cartledge, p. 56.

71
  Mikhail Gorbachev,
Memoirs
, Bantam Books, 1997, p. 706.

72
  Zamyatin,
Kommersant Vlast
, 4 May 2005.

73
  Reagan,
The Reagan Diaries
, 7 December 1987, p. 555.

29 RUMBLINGS OF DISCONTENT

  
1
  Margaret Thatcher interviewed for
Thatcher: The Downing Street Years
, BBC, 1993.

  
2
  AC: Interview with Lord Carrington.

  
3
  Ibid.: Interview with Lord Lamont.

  
4
  Ibid.: Conversation with John Biffen, March 1986.

  
5
  Thatcher and the Vegetables, Spitting Image, 1984–1996; see also
Guardian
, 10 April 2013.

  
6
  
The Times
, 13 May 1986.

  
7
  AC: Interview with Lord Butler.

  
8
  William Waldegrave, Old Etonian Association Lecture, 28 February 2012.

  
9
  Campbell,
The Iron Lady
, p. 445.

10
  
Observer
, 17 February 1985.

11
  Nigel Lawson,
The View from No. 11
, p. 674.

12
  
Sunday Times
, 13 October 1985.

13
  
New York Times
, 20 December 1985.

14
  Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 430.

15
  AC: Interview with Lord Brittan.

16
  Interview with Michael Pattison, cited in Moore,
Margaret Thatcher, Vol. 1
, p. 429.

17
  AC: Interview with Lord Powell.

18
  Ibid.

19
  
The Times
, 4 January 1986.

20
  Ibid., 3 January 1986.

21
  Ibid., 7 January 1986.

22
  
Sun
, 7 January 1986.

23
  
The Times
, 7 January 1986.

24
  Hansard, HC Deb 23 January 1986.

25
  AC: Interview with Lord Brittan.

26
  Ibid.

27
  Hansard, HC Deb 29 October 1986.

28
  Howe,
Conflict of Loyalty
, p. 467.

29
  AC: Interview with Lord Brittan.

30
  Lawson,
The View from No. 11
, p. 678.

31
  
The Times
, 10 January 1986.

32
  Young,
One of Us
, p. 452.

33
  Clark,
Diaries
, 24 January 1986, p. 133.

34
  Hansard, HC Deb 23 January 1986.

35
  AC: Sir Bernard Braine to the author, 23 January 1986.

36
  Ibid.: Interview with Lord Brittan.

37
  Howe,
Conflict of Loyalty
, p. 471.

38
  Ibid., p. 472.

39
  AC: Interview with Lord Armstrong.

40
  Hansard, HC Deb 27 January 1986.

41
  AC: Interview with Winston Churchill in 1986.

42
  Ibid.: Margaret Thatcher to the author, January 1987.

43
  Ibid.

44
  Ibid.

45
  MTF: Interview with David Frost, TV-AM, 9 June 1985.

46
  Voltaire,
Candide
, p. 7.

47
  Daily Mail, 7 April 1986.

48
  Hansard, HC Deb 23 January 1986.

49
  Young
, One of Us
, p. 443.