Lords of the Sky: Fighter Pilots and Air Combat, From the Red Baron to the F-16 (85 page)

death of von Richthofen (“Red Baron”), 119–125, 126

deaths of McCudden and Mannock, 131–133

and end of the Great War, 140

flight training schools, 54–56, 95–97

flying aces, 35, 73, 78–82, 112, 119–125, 128–129, 134–138

German rules for claiming kills, 63–64

Hawker as “British Boelcke,” 42–46

life expectancy of, 32, 91

McCudden as British flying ace, 131–133

Mannock as British flying ace, 78–82

most decorated flyers, 137–138

1918 fighter competition winner, 128

recognition of, 44–45

stereotypical flyers, 27–28

transition to, 33–34, 38–39

year of the fighter, 1917–1918, 92–125

See also
aircraft, World War I; Royal Air Force, British; World War I

fighter pilots, World War II

Ace of Spade pilots
(Pik As)
, 296–297

American, 309–313, 324

in Battle for France, 187, 189, 193–199, 203–204, 232

in Battle of Britain, 235–245

British, 193–200, 203–204, 233–248

British Fighter Command operations, 218–219, 225

in Dunkirk evacuation, 199–200, 203–204

French Air Force, 185–187

German, 201–202, 233–251, 254, 255, 256–265, 267–269, 271–279

Germany’s top three flying aces, 304

Hartmann as German flying ace, 210–211

Luftwaffe training of, 211–213

Marseille as German flying ace, 275–276

Polish, 179, 180

Shestakov as Soviet flying ace, 297

Soviet, 155, 276–281

top 109 fighter pilots in history, 210–211

women, 279–280, 281, 288–289, 291, 294, 296, 297–298, 302–303, 305–308

See also
aircraft, World War II; Luftwaffe; Royal Air Force, British; World War II

Fink, Oberst Johannes, 221, 235

Fishbed MiG-21 jet fighter, 460–461

Fiske, Billy, 215

Fiske, Bradley, 252

flamethrowers, 43

Flight of the Intruder
(Coonts), 439

flu epidemic, 131, 138

flying aces

Korean War, 407

mercenaries, 144–145, 168

World War I, 35, 73, 78, 112, 119–125, 128–129, 130, 134–138

World War II, 189, 194, 202, 210–211, 232, 235, 275–276, 278, 297, 304, 306, 407

flying machines, early, 9–12

Fobair, Ross, 423–426, 464

Foch, Ferdinand, 118

Focke-Wulf 190 fighter aircraft, 302, 346, 347, 350

Focke-Wulf 200s fighter aircraft, 222

Fokker, Anthony, 25–26, 27, 34, 42, 91, 100, 153

Fokker forward-firing machine gun, 34

Fokker Scourge, 34, 72

Fokker series aircraft

A-III fighter, 26

D-III fighters, 38

D-VII fighters, 128–129, 130

D-VIII fighters, 136–137

D-XIII fighters, 153–154

designs, 25–26

Dr 1 triplane, 92, 111–112, 120

E-1 (Eindecker) fighters, 21, 26, 27, 34, 56

M-5K fighters, 26

food supplies

during the Great War, 51, 52–53

during Korean War, 389

during World War II, 360

Ford, Henry, 359

Ford Island, Hawaii, 322, 324

formations, airplane, 163–164, 170, 193, 258, 272

Forster, Hermann, 261

forward air control aircraft, 457

forward-firing guns, 34, 68, 70, 99

forward-looking infrared systems (FLIR), 519

four-ship airplane formation, 163–164, 170

France, in Vietnam War, 427–431

France, World War I, 187, 188

American expatriates in, 104–105

American pilots in, 105–106

Battle of Verdun, 66

Battles of Ypres, 18–19, 94–95, 110, 112

Bloody April, 1917/Battle of Arras, 65–69, 73, 75–76, 90–91

Croix de Guerre, 137

and end of the Great War, 138–140

Entente between Britain and, 113

Fifth Army, 18

first American infantry in, 128

flight training, 55–56

flying aces, 35

food supplies, 51, 52–53

French reserves with 3rd American Infantry Division, 129

Hotchkiss machine gun, 4, 5, 7–8, 21–22

Le Prieur rockets, 24

losses at Verdun, 47, 48

mobilization, 18–19

Morane-Saulnier aircraft, 3–8, 14, 24–25, 26, 27

mutiny by French Army, 91, 93

in Operation Michael, 113–118

pilots, 3–8, 55–56, 62

Somme offensive, 37–38, 46, 47

France, World War II

Allies evacuations from, 206–207

Armée de l’Air, 185

Battle for France, 181–199, 203–204, 232

Battle of Normandy, 363–365

British Air Force in, 181–182, 185

D-Day (Operation Overlord), 363–365

Dunkirk evacuation, 196–197, 199–204

execution of French prisoners, 201

1st Armored Division, 192

First Army, 184–185, 196, 200, 202

1st Free French Brigade, 266, 267

55th Infantry Division, 191

Maginot Line, 181, 183, 188, 475

Ninth Army, 185

Operation Dynamo, 196–197, 199–204, 207

pilots, 187

purchase of American-built aircraft, 186

Seventh Army, 185

troops in Norway, 181

Franco-American Flying Corps, 106

Franco, Diana, 157

Franco, Francisco, 155–157, 161, 163, 168–172

Franco-Prussian War (1871), 14

Franzisket, Ludwig, 267

French Air Force, 185–187

French Air Service, 55, 111, 128

French Expeditionary Force, 428

French Foreign Legion, 105, 428

French Navy, 185, 428

French 6th Light Armored Division, 517

Fuchida, Mitsuo, 321

Fuerzas Aéreas de la República Española (FARE), 161

fur ball aerial maneuver, 100

G

Gabreski, Francis “Gabby,” 407

Gadish, Ami, 474

Galland, Adolf, 163, 170, 172, 180, 189, 236, 241, 276, 305, 361, 362

Gamelin, Maurice, 183, 191

Garros, Roland, 3–8, 22, 24–25, 26, 94, 533

gas, poison, 154, 511

GATACs, 430, 431

General Electric engines, 506

general purpose (GP) bombs, 548–549

Genocide Protocols and Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 512

Georges, Alphonse Joseph, 190

German Africa Corps (Deutsches Afrikakorps), 254, 262, 269–270, 271, 274, 353

90th Light Afrika Division, 265, 270

German Air Force, World War I

creation of, 38–40

Jagdgeschwader
(JG), 107

Jasta 2, 38, 39–40, 63, 64

Jasta 3, 102

Jasta 5, 99

Jasta 10, 111, 128

Jasta 11, 69, 77, 87, 111

Jasta 15, 112

Jasta 64, 130

Jastas (Jagdstaffeln)
, 38, 106–107

JG 1, 107, 108

JG 2, 129

JG 51, 232

organization of fighter units, 106–107

See also
Luftwaffe

German Army, World War II

Army Group A, 185, 296

Army Group B, 183, 184–185

Army Group Center, 284, 288, 294

Army Group Don, 299

Army Group North, 284, 285–286, 294

Army Group South, 284, 286, 294–295

Fourth Army, 196, 202

Ninth Army, 304

Sixth Army, 196, 202, 296, 297, 298–299, 302

Eighteenth Army, 184

352nd Infantry Division, 364

Germany, post–World War I

aid to Spain against Soviet Union, 163–165

air superiority, 163

airplane formations, 163–164, 170

Condor Legion, 163, 165, 167–170, 171, 172, 177, 189

Jagdgruppe/88, 163, 164–165, 167

Kampfgruppe K/88, 163

pilots, 152, 158–159, 163–167, 169, 172

See also
aircraft, post–World War I

Germany, World War I

air superiority, 56, 67, 85, 187, 233–234

aircraft design.
see
Albatros series aircraft; Fokker series aircraft

in Arras offensive, 93–94, 98

Battle of Menin Road, 110–111

Battle of Passchendaele, 110, 112

Bloody April, 1917/Battle of Arras, 65–77, 90–91

Blue Max Award, 34–35, 65, 99, 103

Boelcke as “Father of Fighter Aviation,” 33–41

death of von Richthofen (“Red Baron”), 119–125, 126

defensive fortifications, 50–51

effects of 1916 Royal Naval blockade in, 47, 50, 59, 66

First Army, 18

first aviation combat awards, 34–35

flight training, 55

flying aces, 35, 73, 107, 112, 119–125, 128–129, 138

food supplies, 52

German Air Service, 117–118, 125

German confederation, 29–30

German High Seas Fleet, 138

and end of the Great War, 138–140

Hindenburg Line, 50, 66, 75, 95, 110, 127, 134

Imperial German Aviation Service, 30, 38

Maschinengewehr 08 machine gun, 23

mobilization, 17–18

1918 spring offensives, 130–131

officers, 29–30

Operation Blücher-Yorck, 130

Operation Georgette, 119, 126–127, 128, 130

Operation Gneisenau, 131

Operation Marne-Reims, 131

Operation Michael
(Kaiserschlacht),
113–118, 130

Parabellum light machine gun, 26

pilot life expectancy, 32

pilots, 6–8, 33–41, 52, 62, 63–76, 90–140

rules for pilot kills, 63–64

Schlachstaffeln,
114

Sixth Army, 18

Seventh Army, 127

in Somme offensive, 37–38

Spandau machine gun, 23, 45, 63, 70, 101, 111, 128

submarine warfare against the Allies, 66, 103–104

U-boats, 37, 50, 66, 103–104

See also
aircraft, post–World War I; aircraft, World War I

Germany, World War II, 176

aircraft designs/production, 224–225

Battle for France, 181–199, 203–204, 232

Battle of Britain, 235–245

Battle of Moscow, 287–294

the Blitz, 240–241

Case Green Plan, 181

Case White Plan, 176–177

Case Yellow Plan, 181, 184

Channel battles, 221–223, 231–232

D-Day (Operation Overlord), 363–365

declares war on U.S., 327

in Dunkirk evacuation (Operation Dynamo), 199–204, 207

flying ace Hartmann, 210–211, 276

flying ace Marseille, 275–276

flying ace Mölders, 232

flying aces, 189, 202, 210–211, 232, 275–276, 278, 304, 306

food supplies, 360

invasion of Britain, 208–209, 221–222

invasion of Denmark, 181

invasion of Poland, 176–180, 178–180

invasion of Russia, 208, 243, 256, 283–308

Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross, 210–211, 232, 250–251, 262, 265, 267, 268, 274, 275

Mark IV, 262

oil production, 360, 361

Operation Bagration, 365–366