Authors: Susan Kay
Tags: #Nonfiction, #History
messages to the Duke of Parma, begging for ammunition and flyboats
to outmanoeuvre the English ships, who were running circles around
the clumsy galleons and “plucking our feathers little by little.” But he
had no idea at what port he could expect to find Parma’s army waiting.
Blindly the Spanish fleet groped its way out of the English Channel and
rode anchor at Calais Roads, repairing damages, while Medina Sidonia
waited anxiously for news of relief—ammunition, food and water. Their
stores were almost exhausted. What was Parma doing to leave them so
shamefully in the lurch like this? Was it possible he had not received
Philip’s command to rendezvous at sea?
A mile and a half away the English fleet watched a hundred and fifty
sea monsters bobbing on the quiet waves. A council of war was held
aboard the
Ark Royal
and at midnight on the 28th of July, eight English
fireships filled with explosives sailed into the Spanish fleet on a rising
wind. Spanish pinnaces, working under a constant barrage of English
shot, had just manoeuvred two of the fireships out of line when they
exploded. The pinnaces fled for cover and the remaining six fireships bore
into the great Armada which lay in impeccable formation, like a flock of
sitting ducks.
In the mêlée that ensued the Spanish captains panicked and cut
their cables. Several galleons, caught in the grips of the current, crashed
together and the careful formation disintegrated into chaos, with ships
drifting as far as six miles apart, some to sink, some to be captured by the
English, others to be driven ashore. Sick at heart, Medina Sidonia sailed
towards the Flemish coast in search of reinforcements, but the coastline
remained empty. Parma had played them false. There was nothing for it
but to turn and engage the enemy alone.
For five hours Howard’s ships pounded the crippled fleet, until lack of
ammunition forced him to ease off. The scenes of carnage were without
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precedent. Priests groped their way across the splintered decks, miring
their robes in blood, to minister to the dying. The Spanish troops were
packed so tightly in the holds of the ships that when one galleon keeled
over, blood was seen to pour from the scuppers and stain the sea around.
At noon the wind changed and, to Howard’s fury, the remaining
vessels were able to slip away through the mist and blinding rain into
the North Sea. The fleets broke off direct contact, but no one yet knew
whether the depleted Armada would return—or whether Parma would
seize his advantage, now that the English fleet was virtually disarmed, to
sweep across the Channel and invade in the Armada’s wake.
t t t
The troops were taut with anticipation and excitement that hot afternoon
when Leicester rode across Tilbury plain with his stepson at his side, to
welcome the Queen and her escort of two thousand horsemen to his
camp. Seeing her sitting bareheaded on her beautiful gelding, dressed in
virgin white and wearing a silver breastplate in mock concession to her
advisers’ fears, he was suddenly starkly aware that Burghley had been
right; this was madness. To let her venture out unguarded on a field
of armed men—thousands of unknown, unvetted ruffians, any one of
whom might easily be a fanatic or a Spanish agent, ready, waiting— And
nothing could have made a more perfect target of her than that dazzling
white gown. How had he ever let her talk him into this?
It was too late now; there was no way he could hustle her into his
chequered and particoloured pavilion and forbid this appearance. Even
if he could change her mind—a forlorn hope—he knew he could not
answer for the ten thousand men assembled under his command if they
were thwarted of this chance to see and hear the woman in whose defence
they were prepared to die. A loss of discipline—a riot—at this stage could
be disastrous. And so he took her horse’s bridle with a trembling hand
and led her forward, unguarded, before the dense sea of waving pikes and
caps and banners. From the corner of his eye he caught sight of Essex’s
face, flushed, excited, admiring, his eyes on the Queen solemn with
open adoration; and for the first time Leicester felt a sharp pang of envy
for youth in its first handsome flush. The quick, intimate smile which
had passed between Elizabeth and the young Robert Devereux was like
a sudden knife thrust in his heart. Such warmth and tenderness in her
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eyes now when they rested on Essex’s blazing red head, such a strangely
familiar expression. He had seen Lettice look at the boy in that same
doting way. What did the Queen see when she looked at him to make
her smile like that? A son? The son she had never borne? Was that
all
it
was? He, who had so deliberately thrown the two of them together, felt
his first moment of real unease. There was something wrong, something
just a shade unnatural in the passionate companionship which had sprung
up since the previous spring, through all those long nights when they had
sat together playing cards because she dared not sleep. He had thought
her safe enough with such a young man, he had been glad to see Essex’s
boyish high spirits pull her back from the brink of a nervous breakdown;
but now he had a horrible, indecent thought; was Essex her lover?
He clung to the gelding’s bridle with a convulsive grip, torn between
terror that he would see her assassinated before his eyes and the fierce,
jealous desire to stab her in the heart himself if his dreadful fancy should
be true, if she had really so debased herself as to take a man more than
thirty years her junior to her bed. She couldn’t, she surely wouldn’t! But
she was Elizabeth, a law unto herself; and she just might.
A silence had fallen over the swaying multitude as the Queen raised
her white hand and now her voice was throbbing in his ears, speaking
words which would live for ever in the memory of Englishmen. He had
forgotten how beautifully she could speak, the strength and depth of her
voice reaching out across the fields—it would breathe life into a stone.
And how low and unworthy it made him feel to stand here, entertaining
dark suspicions about her honour.
The sun beat down mercilessly into his eyes like white hot daggers,
making his senses swim. The words began to rush past him and he tried
to clutch on to them, but it was no use. The world was dark around him
and he no longer knew what she was saying.
The next he knew the crowds were waving and cheering in a hyster-
ical frenzy and it was all over. For a moment he was afraid the seething
masses would surge forward, but under the control of her daunting
majesty the lines held. He felt his throat close. Perhaps in every thousand
years the world produced one man or woman to live in incandescence,
enshrined within their span of time. What else would men call this era
but
Elizabethan
?
The magnitude of his thoughts had left him dog-tired, but now he
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must lift her down from the white horse and watch her walk among the
ragged ranks. The sun flashed fire from the silver breastplate. Men wept
unashamedly as they fell to their knees and swore to die for her.
Gulls were screaming overhead, circling the rows of huts which had
been hastily erected, made of poles twined with green leaves which curled
and lost their sap steadily in the fierce heat. The hem of her white gown
trailed in the rusty earth. He remembered thinking it was a shame—that
gown would never be fit to wear again. And then the sun was lower in
the sky and at last he was leading her into his tent, followed by her ladies.
He unfastened the breastplate with his own hands and saw where the
sun had caught her neck, leaving red places that reminded him of another
time, another place.
He bent with reverence to kiss both her hands.
“You were magnificent,” he said quietly.
But she did not seem interested. Her attention was riveted on his
sweating face, scanning him with anxiety.
“You are not well.”
He laughed. “I’m hot—as you must be. It was like Hell’s valley out
there. Come—let me get you something to drink.”
He held a fine banquet that night in his pavilion and while they were
all still seated at the table, there was a great shout outside. A moment later
the Earl of Cumberland came striding through the entrance to fall on his
knees at the Queen’s feet. A tense silence fell as she gave him her hand to
kiss and asked for his news.
“Madam, Howard engaged the Spanish fleet a week ago at the
Gravelines and dispersed its main body.”
“Dispersed?” she frowned.
“Destroyed in all but name, madam. Howard drove them through
storms up the east coast of Scotland where we can safely leave the
winds and rocks to finish those who have not sunk already. It was a
great naval victory.”
“But—?” said the Queen, staring steadily at Cumberland’s grim face,
and nipping off the excited cheer around the table with a flick of her hand.
“But—” Cumberland twisted his flat cap uneasily between his huge
hands. “The rumour is now that Parma with six thousand horse and fifty
thousand foot will come out on the highest tide to make a landing.”
Leicester rose in his chair and sank back again, his anxious eyes meeting
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the Queen’s. They both knew that, if Parma came now, there would
be wholesale slaughter among that inexperienced English force outside,
presently yelling with delight, and lighting bonfires all over the camp to
celebrate the news of victory.
She had sworn to live and die among her soldiers, and would not listen
now to those who urged her to return to London and the safety of the
Tower. She resumed the dinner calmly and it was very late that night
before Leicester finally got her to himself for a few moments.
“They’re right,” he said slowly, “you should get away from here. It’s
madness for you to remain.”
She shook her head. “If Parma comes, he’ll find me waiting.”
“You know I can’t defend you here. If Parma takes you—”
He stopped and she laid a hand on his arm. “If England falls to
Philip there’s no place for me in this world. I would be proud to die
with my soldiers.”
“You won’t die in Parma’s hands. When he’s satisfied that you have
suffered every degradation his twisted mind can devise then he’ll deliver
you to Philip—who will have you burnt!”
“As a
heretic
?”
Her smile mocked him, made him wonder anew whether she had
heard his question the day he left court for Tilbury.
He frowned. “Must it come to that?”
Elizabeth leaned back against the central post which supported the
canvas weight of the tent.
“Walsingham’s spies assured me that Parma was not equipped for such
a mission, that he has only a dozen flyboats and a few flat-bottomed canal
boats. I suppose it’s possible we were fed false information.”
“And if that’s so?”
“Then I pray he comes at once. I want this settled by the end of
August at the latest.”
He stared at her blankly. “August? Why August?”
She sighed patiently and looked out at the burning orange lights of
the camp fires.
“So I can demobilise, my love, and get all those men back where they
belong, at their trades and in the fields. There’s a crop to be harvested if
we’re not to have a famine in the winter—victory is a poor substitute for
food to a child with an empty belly.”
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t t t
Parma’s army never moved. Her original assessment of the commander’s
half-hearted commitment to the “Enterprise” proved correct and the
integrity of Walsingham’s famous intelligence service remained unques-
tioned, the most efficient system in the whole of Europe.
Howard’s fleet chased the surviving Spanish vessels round the east
coast, without firing another shot from their empty arsenal. Behind the
crippled ships floated a long trail of mules and horses, discarded by the
Spanish in their haste to get away. The body of the young Prince of
Ascolo, commonly reputed to be Philip’s bastard son, was seen floating,
face down, in doublet and breeches of fine white satin, still sporting
stockings of russet silk.
What was left of the glorious Armada made for the north of Scotland
through a rising storm. Winds, cruel rocks, and savage inhabitants claimed
many more victims, for the shipwrecked Spaniards who struggled ashore
on the west coast of Ireland were slaughtered in their hundreds by fero-
cious clans. Of the thirty thousand men who had set out from Spain, less
than ten thousand straggled back to tell their wretched tale.
Dressed in sackcloth and deepest mourning black, fearful messen-