In the Footsteps of Lewis and Clark (37 page)

Clearwater Valley,
124

Coast to coast highways,
93–94

Cocks, Catherine,
116

Cody (Wyoming),
26

Coeur d'Alene mining area,
81

Collective identity,
3

Collins Creek,
84–85

Collins, John,
45
,
120

Colorado Plateau,
78

Colorado (state),
17

Colter Falls,
57

Colter's Creek.
See
Potlatch Creek

Colt-killed Creek,
64
,
82–83
,
104

Columbia Gorge,
68
,
95
,
145

Columbia (Missouri),
44

Columbia River: Astoria Column,
29
,
31
,
69
; Clark sights Pacific Ocean,
68
; Columbia River Historical Expedition,
30
,
33
; dams,
132–134
,
140–141
; discovery of,
29
; dugout canoes,
66
; Fort Astoria and Astor's trading post,
8
,
12
,
29–31
; Gorge,
67
,
68
; and Jefferson's objectives for expedition,
43
; Lewis and Clark expedition,
43
,
61
,
63
,
65–66
,
69–70
; and Lewis and Clark Festival Association,
147
; Lewis and Clark National Trail Commission tour,
144
; mouth as destination for expedition,
52–53
,
61
; National Tourway proposal,
126
; rapids and falls,
66–67
; tourist interest in,
167
; U.S. claim to,
149
; Wallula Gap,
99
; Wheeler expedition,
85
; winter camp 1805–1806,
12
,
32
,
38
,
111
; Yates documentary film,
133

Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area,
68

Columbia River Historical Expedition (1926),
30

Columbia River Scenic Highway,
95

Columbian Exposition (Chicago, 1893),
16
,
18

Columbus (Montana),
73

Columns,
29–32

Comanche (Native American tribe),
22

Commemoration of expedition,
xii
; Astoria Column frieze,
29
,
31
; auto tourism and,
5–7
,
108
,
162
; of Clark,
109
; at early expositions in St. Louis and Portland,
15–18
,
24
; impact of Biddle and Thwaites,
10–11
; interest in Sacagawea spurred,
19–20
; and Lewis and Clark journals,
40–42
; of Lewis and Clark route,
126
; none before 1890s,
12
; official expression of,
162–163
; pageants and,
114
,
122
; public interest in,
3–5
,
127
; by retracing the route,
78
,
99
; sesquicentennial,
6
,
127
; shift in means of,
4
,
5
,
8
; as statues and memorials,
38
,
39
,
41
; of U.S. bicentennial,
163

Congress.
See
U.S. Congress

The Conquest: The True Story of Lewis and Clark
(book).
See
Dye, Eva Emery

Conrad (Montana),
74

Continental Divide: Buffalo Road,
74
; expedition crossing,
54
,
56
,
61–63
,
62
; Lemhi Pass,
102
,
168

Continental Divide Trail,
149
,
153

Cooper, Alice,
23
,
26

Cooper, James Fenimore,
10

Cordelles (long ropes),
45

Corps of Discovery (official name for expedition company),
xi
; Arikaras encountered,
49–50
; auto tourism and highways,
105
,
168
; to Beaverhead Rock,
152
; buffs,
41
; and Clatsop Indians,
69
; Clearwater camp to Weippe prairie,
71
; Colt-killed Creek,
82
; Columbia River rapids,
66–67
,
134
; from Columbia River route (westward),
70
; commemoration of,
7–8
,
78
,
127
; “Great American Epic,”
30
; historical consciousness of,
5
; historical significance,
1–2
; Indians initially encountered,
46
; near James Kipp State Park site,
54
; journals, importance of,
41
; Lewis and Clark 1905 Portland exposition,
17
; Lewis rejoins (1804),
44
; Lolo Hot Springs,
81
; Lolo Trail,
80–81
,
104
; to Mandan Villages,
47
; men in expedition,
19
; Missouri headwaters goal,
58
; Nez Perce and,
65
; portrayed in pageants,
117
,
122–123
; public interest in,
9–10
,
12–13
,
105
,
108
,
127
; reunion of company at Weippe prairie,
84
; river navigation,
137
; route retraced,
78
,
146
; route to Pacific Ocean and back,
6
; Shoshone (Lemhi),
63
,
115
; to Snake-Clearwater rivers confluence,
70
,
96–97
,
112
; sesquicentennial,
40
,
123–124
,
127
; sites affected or destroyed,
140
; Snyder narrative account of,
1–3
; sojourn in Montana,
37
; tourism, tourists,
108
,
165
; trail retraced,
78
,
146
; at Traveler's Rest,
122
; water route article,
135
; Wheeler on,
79
; winter 1804–1805,
38
,
51
; winter 1805–1806,
32
,
109
,
111
; York,
38
.
See also
Lewis and Clark expedition

Corridor of an Empire
(historical pageant),
119–121

Cottonwood Creek,
71

Cottonwood (Idaho),
71

Coues edition (history of Lewis and Clark expedition),
9
,
13
,
81
,
84

Coues, Elliot,
9
,
13
,
22
,
81
,
84

“Council Bluffs” site,
46
,
135

Council Grove Treaty (1855),
122

Courts martial (and punishment),
45

Coy, Maggie Basil Large,
180(n5)

Coxcomb Hill,
29

Craigmont (Idaho),
71

Cree (Native American tribe),
50

Crocker, Sewall,
91

Crockett, Davy,
8–10

Crooked Falls,
57

Crooked Fork,
104

Crow (Native American tribe),
50
,
65

Crow Creek Indian Reservation (South Dakota),
48
,
139

Crown-Zellerbach company,
110

Crunelle, Leonard,
26

Cruzatte, Pierre,
46
,
176(n21)

Curved-dash Oldsmobile.
See
Olds Motor Company

Cut Bank Creek,
74
,
157

Cut Bank (Montana),
74
,
97

Cutright, Paul Russell,
9

Dakotas: auto tourism (early) along route,
96
; Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail segment,
155
; Pick-Sloan project,
140
,
142
; plains vegetation,
45
; sesquicentennial,
112
,
126
; shift in means for commemorating expedition,
5
.
See also
North Dakota, South Dakota

Dakota Territory,
9

Darby Looks at Itself
(sociodrama),
118

Darby (Montana),
63
,
117–118

Darling Foundation.
See
J. N. “Ding” Darling Foundation

Darling, J. N. “Ding,”
130

Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR),
25–27
,
27
,
86
,
115

Dayton (Washington),
70

Debow's Review
,
12

DeCamp, Ralph E.,
60
,
84–85

Deloria Jr., Vine,
140

Denver, Colorado,
94

Department of the Interior.
See
U.S. Department of the Interior

DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge,
46
,
155

DeVoto, Bernard,
10
,
110

Dillon(Montana): Beaverhead Rock,
152
; Camp Fortunate memorial (1915)
25
; Clark's Lookout,
38
; Gray driving along expedition route,
102
; Rattlesnake Cliffs,
61
; sesquicentennial,
121

Dispossession,
2

Divide, the.
See
Continental Divide

Dixon (Montana),
118

Donner Pass,
93

Donophan County (Kansas),
45–46

Doss, Erika,
163

Douglas fir,
66

Drouillard, George,
46
,
61
,
73
,
74
,
121

Duncan, Dayton,
157

Duniway, Abigail Scott,
23

Dust Bowl (1930s),
137

Dye, Eva Emery,
23
,
25

East Glacier (Montana),
97

Eastern Shoshone. See Shoshone

Eastman, Charles,
22

Ecola Point,
103

Ecola State Park,
147

Eide, Ingvard,
86

Elliot, Howard,
30

End of the Trail
(statue),
26
,
33
,
35
,
36

Environmentalism,
129
,
131

Erickson, Albert,
116

Evergreen Highway,
94

Explorers of America Project.
See
American Pioneer Trails Association

Fairbanks, Charles,
15

Fallon (Montana),
73

The Far Horizons
(motion picture),
107–108

Farmer's Island,
48

Federal aid to highways act (1916),
95

Ferdinand (Idaho),
71

Field, Joseph,
47
,
73–74
,
97

Field, Reuben,
47
,
73–74
,
97

Firearms,
53
,
62–63
,
65
,
74

Fisher, Carl Graham,
93

Fisher, Sherry,
130–131
,
142

Fjare, Orvin B.,
146

Flathead (also Salish) (Native American tribe),
62
,
163
; attitude toward Lewis and Clark in 1922,
161
; christianizing of,
118
; expedition dependence on Indians,
2
; expedition encounter with at Ross's Hole,
173(n53)
; Missoula sesquicentennial pageant,
123
,
160
; Stevensville sesquicentennial pageant,
118
; Three Forks sesquicentennial pageant,
160
; treaty,
122–123

Flathead Indian Reservation,
118

Flink, James J.,
93

Florida, state of,
93–94

Floyd, Charles: death,
47
; grave,
135
; monument and grave marker,
101
,
135
,
157
,
173(n38)

Ford, Henry,
92–93

Forest Road 500. See Lolo Motorway

Forest Service. See U.S. Forest Service

Fort Astoria (Oregon),
12
,
29

Fort Benton Community Improvement Association,
38

Fort Benton (Montana): Lewis and Clark expedition,
12
,
56
,
74
,
80
,
135
; monument location issue,
37
; National Recreation Area (Missouri River),
56
; National Wild Scenic River system,
145
,
150
; Scriver statue,
38
,
39
; sesquicentennial,
38
; steamboats on Missouri River,
137
; U.S. bicentennial,
38

Fort Berthold Indian Reservation (North Dakota),
52

Fort Bragg (North Carolina),
136

Fort Canby State Park,
167

Fort Clatsop: archeological site,
110
,
111
; Astoria Column,
7
,
10
,
18
,
29
,
31
,
32
; built,
68
; dedication ceremony,
33
; expedition's response to conditions,
33
,
69
,
85
; Green Beret canoe trip to,
136
; and Indians,
68
; Lewis and Clark Trail Commission,
144
; Louisiana Purchase Exposition,
18
; neglected,
109–110
; replica,
7
,
29
109–110
,
111
,
112
,
127
; replica burned, rebuilt in 2006,
180(n8)
; sesquicentennial,
112
; trail to Salt Cairn,
145
; Wheeler visits,
85
; winter 1805–1806,
10
,
34

Fort Clatsop National Historic Site,
147