Homo Mysterious: Evolutionary Puzzles of Human Nature (52 page)

fitness indicators, 180

group selection, 258

honest signaling, 261

religion, 203–206, 225–226

evolutionary hypotheses, religion, 209–212

evolutionary psychology

discipline of, 168–169, 182

term, 288
n

evolutionary theory, Haldane, 90, 91

The Evolution of God
, Wright, 238

extra effort hypothesis, religion, 251–252

fa’afafine
, Samoan society, 107–108

Facebook, 206

faith, taking things on, 233–236

faking, female orgasm, 63

Falwell, Jerry, 245

female circumcision, Africa, 59

female-female mountings, macaque monkeys, 97, 123, 132–133

female mimicry, phenomenon, 128

female orgasm

buttocks mimic hypothesis, 51

by-product hypothesis, 54–56, 67

communicating or manipulating, 62–64

copulation, 52

easy-to-exclude hypotheses, 51–54

evaluation hypothesis, 61, 63

evolution, 12

inducement for polyandry, 58–59

intercourse-orgasm discrepancy, 56–57

knock-down hypothesis, 51–52

monogamy, 58–59

mystery, 50–51

nonadaptive, 54–58, 299

sex motivation, 53

uterine upsuck hypothesis, 50–51

When Harry Met Sally
, 49

woman’s body speaking to her mind, 60–62

feminine hygiene, menstruation, 15

Fermi, Enrico, 7

fertility

ovulation, 23–24, 29

prudent mothers, 68–70

Finke, Roger, 236, 238

fish, same-sex behavior, 127–128

Fisher, R. A., 40

fitness indicators

artist and pleasure, 187

sexual selection, 180–181

Flaubert, Gustave,
Madame Bovary
, 153–154

flour beetles, copulation, 125

folk aesthetics, arts, 185

food resources

cooking, 292–296

overeating, 300

Ford, Henry, 67

Freedom Evolves
, Dennett, 200

free-rider problem, group selection, 254

French art, Chinese and, 146–147

Freud, Sigmund, 95, 222, 227, 230

fruit fly, 99, 114

fungus, sexual behavior, 134

The Future of an Illusion
, Freud, 222, 227

The Gambler
, Kenny Rogers, 69–70

game of life, narrative art, 173

Gandhi, 198

Gangestad, Steven, 29

gay gene, homosexuality-promoting, 116

Geertz, Clifford, 221

genes

crossing over, 113

Darwinian, 206

God gene, 195–198, 201

life span, 79–80, 81

long-term success, 74

religious behavior, 203–206

selfish, 309

genetic control, traits, 103

genetic defects, maternal age, 65

genetic diversity, offspring, 172

genetics

balanced polymorphism, 112–113

homosexual, 99–103

twin studies, 101–102, 201–202

genital swelling, signs, 21

Gibbon, Edward, 262

Glass, Jay, 248, 249

God, alpha male, 248–250

God Bless America
, 161

The God Gene
, Zimmer, 201

Goldilocks hypothesis, 41, 280–281

Gombe Stream Reserve of Tanzania, 68

Goodall, Jane, 68–69, 273, 292

good vs. adaptive, religion, 218–221

Gospel, Christians, 208

gossip, theory of mind, 174–176

Gould, Stephen Jay, 54, 154–155, 271

grandmother hypothesis, menopause, 70–73, 82, 104–105

Greece, sexual gratification, 127

group cooperation, warlike activities, 241–242

group coordination, religion, 239–244

group selection

homosexuality, 110

religion, 253–259

Habermas, Jurgen, 247

Hadza, hunter-gatherers of Tanzania, 71

Haldane, J. B. S., 90, 91

Hamer, Dean, 99, 101, 201

Hamilton, J. A., 271

Hamilton, William D., 104, 105
n

handicap principle, doughty daughter hypothesis, 44–46

happy life, 247
n

Harvey, William, 170

Hawkes, Kristen, 71

HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), menstruation inhibition, 20–21

headache hypothesis, self-deception and, 33–34

health-related payoffs, religion, 238

Heaven
, Brooke, 235–236

Heaven’s Gate, religion, 263

“helpers at the nest,” phenomenon among birds, 106, 107
n

heritability, genetic control, 102–103

Herodotus, 193

heterogametic sex, life span, 80

Hindu and Muslim, religious wars, 244

Hinduism

religion, 194, 200, 202

reproduction, 204

A History of God
, Armstrong, 196

HIV, 205
H. M. S. Beagle
, Darwin, 229

Hobbes, Thomas, 204, 309

homoeroticism, ancient Greeks, 94

Homo faber
, term, 273

Homo habilis
, brain size, 276

Homo sapiens
artistic experience in evolution, 148

attractiveness of females to males, 76–77

brains and intelligence, 279–280

child-rearing, 108

concealed ovulation, 22–24

evolutionary enigmas, 7

female organism, 52–53

group benefits of religion, 240

intellect and imagination, 38

practice hypothesis, 120

reproductive cycle, 12–16

same-sex competition, 80–81

sexual selection, 180, 189–190

species, 3–4

tools and language, 273–275

homosexuality

animal mountings, 96, 97, 123–124, 132–133

birth-order effect, 129

canalized in men, 115

evolution relevance, 92–94

gene-based hypothesis, 118–119

genetics, 99–103

juvenile mammals, 128–129

making the best of things, 130–134

male vs. female, 114–116

natural exuberance, 98–99

normalizing view, 95

pathology, 94–97

plastic in women, 115

reproductive performance, 90–91

reproductive skew, 125–128

resources, groups and reciprocity, 109–112

same-sex preference, 89–92

honest signaling, evolutionary biology, 261

hormones

homosexuality, 129–130

life span, 79

host manipulation, phrase, 207–208

hourglass figure, female form, 37–38

Hrdy, Sarah, 58–59, 70, 72–73, 108

human biology, mysteries, 3–5

human language, sexual selection, 178–180

Hume, David, 211, 263

Hurston, Zora Neale, 251

Huxley, Aldous, 191

Huxley, Julian, 205

Huxley, Thomas,
The Origin of Species
, 176
n

hyperactive agent detection devices (HADDs), 212, 218, 219, 225

Iannacocone, Lawrence, 260

Ibsen, 190

The Imaginary Invalid
, Molière, 169

imagination

literature, 167–169

prospect/refuge theory, 173

storytelling, 173

implantation, embryo, 21

inclusive fitness

menopause, 73–74

suicide, 309–310

inclusive fitness theory

homosexuality, 104

phrase, 105
n

India, Hindu and Muslim, 244

intelligence

adaptive basis, 281
n

big brains, 269–272

competition and climate, 275–278

consciousness, 297–305

cooking, 292–296

domain specificity, 288–291

Machiavellian, 282–286

microelectrodes recording neurons, 268–269

proximate glance, 267–269

purloined letter hypothesis, 296–297

sex and brain, 278–282

slam dunk hypothesis, 287

social, 282–288

tools and language, 273–275

intercourse-orgasm discrepancy, 56–57

intergroup competition, intelligence, 275–277

inversion model, homosexuality, 95

in vitro
fertilization, turkey baster babies, 102

Iraqis, identity, 244
n

Islam

religious punishment, 246

reproduction, 204

submission, 208–209

suicide warriors, 241

Israeli-Arab conflict, 258

Israelites, war, 241

Iyengar, Sheena, 224, 225

James, William, 230, 239

Jane Goodall Institute, 68–69

Japan, social cohesion, 248

Japanese macaque monkeys, 97, 123, 132–133

Jolly, Allison, 85

Judaism, 194, 200, 204

juvenile mammals, homosexual play, 128–129

Kant, Immanuel, 312