Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India (72 page)

Bourke-White, Margaret

boycotts: of cloth from English mills,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
12.1
; of Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour, by untouchables,
9.1
; Hindu-Muslim relations and,
11.1
,
12.2

BRAC Bank

brahmacharya.
See
celibacy vow

Brahmans,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
3.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
9.1
,
9.2
; Ambedkar’s relations with,
8.3
,
9.3
; supporters of Vaikom protests,
7.3
,
8.4
; Vaikom temple and,
7.4
,
7.5
,
7.6
,
9.4

British Commonwealth, dominion status for India in

British Empire,
8.1
; Anglicized native ruling class in colonies of,
6.1
,
6.2
; clash over South Africa’s proper place in,
5.1
; divide and rule tactics of,
1.1
,
8.2
; Gandhi’s promotion of racial equality in,
3.1
; Indians as full citizens of,
1.2
,
1.3
,
3.2
; India’s independence from (
see
Independence Day; independence movement); South African colonies of,
1.4
,
1.5
; spread of Indian immigrants throughout,
1.6
,
1.7

Brown, Judith

Buber, Martin

Buddhism, untouchables’ conversion to,
8.1
,
10.1

Buller, General Redvers

Buxar, Bihar, Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour in

Calcutta (now called Kolkata): All Parties Convention in (1928),
8.1
; communal violence in,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
; Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour in,
9.1
; Gandhi’s fast in,
12.4
; Gandhi’s peacekeeping mission to (1947),
12.5
,
12.6
,
12.7
; Gandhi’s visit to (1901),
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
6.1
; Hydari Manzil in,
12.8
; independence celebration in,
12.9

Campbell, Colin,
5.1
,
5.2

Campbell, Marshall,
3.1
,
3.2
,
12.1
; satyagraha campaign of 1913 and,
5.1

Campbell, William

Cape Province,
1.1
,
5.1

caste discrimination,
1.1
,
5.1
,
8.1
; ambiguities in Gandhi’s position on,
7.1
; British racism equated with,
2.1
,
2.2
; Christianity and,
2.3
,
2.4
; dining and,
2.5
,
2.6
,
3.1
,
6.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
10.1
; evolution of Gandhi’s ideas about,
2.7
,
7.4
,
7.5
; Gandhi’s London sojourn and,
2.8
; Gandhi’s renunciation of,
10.2
; imprisonment and,
3.2
; Indian National Congress and,
2.9
,
2.10
; intercaste marriages and,
2.11
,
7.6
,
7.7
,
8.2
,
9.4
,
10.3
; in Kerala,
7.8
;
Manusmriti
burnings and,
8.3
; multiplicity of categories and subgroupings in,
1.2
,
2.12
; possibility of humanizing makeover of,
7.9
; predestination doctrine and,
7.10
; rigid and oppressive practice of, in Indian villages,
2.13
,
7.11
; social divide of class in relation to,
1.3
,
2.14
; in South Africa vs. India,
2.15
; strictures of, applied to non-Hindus and foreigners,
3.3
,
4.1
; Tolstoy’s influence on Gandhi’s thinking about,
2.16
,
2.17
,
2.18
; varnashrama dharma (rules of caste) and,
2.19
,
7.12
,
7.13
,
10.4
.
See also
indentured Indians; untouchables, untouchability

“Caste Has to Go” (Gandhi)

Cawnpore (now called Kanpur): Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour in

celibacy vow: at Gandhi’s ashrams,
6.1
; Gandhi’s own abstinence and,
1.1
,
1.2
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
10.1
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
12.1
; in Hinduism (brahmacharya),
1.3
,
10.2
; Manu as test of,
11.4
,
11.5
,
11.6
; village self-sufficiency campaign and,
10.3

Central Peace Committee

Champaran, Bihar, campaign on behalf of indigo farmers of,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
9.1
,
12.1
,
12.2

Chaplin, Charlie,
8.1
,
8.2

charkha (spinning wheel),
6.1
,
6.2
,
10.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
.
See also
spinning

Charlestown, indentured Indian mine workers’ strike in (1913),
5.1
,
5.2

Chatterji, Joya

Chauri Chaura, riot at (1922),
6.1
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
12.1

Chelmsford, Lord (viceroy),
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3

Chesterton, G. K.

Chicago Tribune
,
9.1

China,
10.1
,
10.2
,
11.1

Christians, Christianity: African converts to,
3.1
,
3.2
; Gandhi’s flirtation with,
1.1
,
2.1
,
5.1
,
7.1
; untouchables converting to,
2.2

Churchill, Winston,
1.1
,
1.2
,
2.1
,
8.1
,
10.1
,
11.1
,
11.2

civil disobedience,
1.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
9.4
; Salt March of 1930 and,
4.1
,
8.3
,
8.4
,
8.5
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
12.1
,
12.2
.
See also
satyagraha

class distinctions,
1.1
,
2.1
; coolies and,
1.2
.
See also
caste discrimination

class struggle,
9.1
; of whites versus whites,
5.1

Communal Award (British ruling on electorates for Indian communities),
9.1
; Gandhi’s fast unto death in response to,
9.2

Communists,
3.1
,
3.2
,
7.1

constitution, Indian (1950),
8.1
,
9.1

“coolies”: as affront to Gandhi,
3.1
; origin and use of word,
1.1
,
12.1
.
See also
indentured Indians

cottage industries: boycott of foreign cloth and,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
7.1
,
8.1
; at Gandhi’s ashram,
6.4
; as salvation for underemployed,
6.5
,
6.6
,
6.7
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
12.1
; wearing of khadi (homespun cloth) and,
6.8
,
8.2
.
See also
spinning

cows, protection of,
6.1
,
6.2
,
8.1
,
10.1

Critic
(Johannesburg),
2.1

Czechs, Gandhi’s nonviolent approach to Nazi threat and,
10.1
,
11.1

Dacca.
See
Dhaka

Dafda, Dani

Dafda, Dudabhai Malji, called Duda

Dafda, Lakshmi (outcaste adopted by Gandhi as his daughter),
2.1
,
6.1

Daily Herald
(London),
8.1
,
8.2

Dalits,
2.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
9.4
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
12.1
; affirmative action for,
8.2
; critical views of Gandhi among,
7.3
,
9.5
; Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour protested by,
9.6
; “Harijan” term rejected by,
8.3
; relative standing of Ambedkar and Gandhi among,
8.4
.
See also
untouchables, untouchability

Dandi Beach, Gandhi’s defiance of salt law at (1930),
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3

darshan (merit or uplift gained by being in presence of holy person),
6.1
,
6.2
,
7.1

dboti.
See
loincloth

Deekshabhoomi (Nagpur)

Defiance Campaign Against Unjust Laws

Delhi,
12.1
,
12.2
; Bhangi colony in,
12.3
,
12.4
,
12.5
; communal violence in,
12.6
,
12.7
,
12.8
,
12.9
,
12.10
; firing on crowd in (1919),
6.1
; Gandhi’s assassination in,
12.11
,
12.12
,
12.13
,
12.14
; Gandhi’s fast in,
12.15
; Gandhi’s final visit to,
12.16
; Hindu opinion on untouchability in,
9.1
.
See also
Birla House

Depression, Great,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3

Desai, Ashwin,
5.1
,
5.2

Desai, Mahadev,
1.1
,
6.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
9.4
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
10.4

Desai, Narayan,
10.1
,
11.1
,
11.2

Dhaka (formerly Dacca),
12.1
; commemoration of 140th anniversary of Gandhi’s birth in,
11.1

Dhamma Chakra Pravartan Din (Mass Conversion Ceremony Day)

Dharasana, nonviolent raid on saltworks at (1930)

dharma (duty of righteous man),
6.1
,
9.1

Dheds

Dhupelia-Mesthrie, Uma (great-granddaughter),
3.1
,
6.1

Dinuzulu, king of Zulus

Direct Action Day (August 16, 1946)

Doke, Joseph,
1.1
,
1.2
,
2.1
,
2.2
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1

Dravidian language

Dube, James

Dube, John Langalibalele,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
5.1
,
12.1
; anti-Indianism ascribed to,
3.4
; Bhambatha Rebellion and,
3.5
,
3.6
; Gandhi’s direct contact with,
3.7
,
3.8
,
5.2
; as hallowed figure in South African heritage,
3.9
; nonviolent resistance witnessed by,
3.10

Dube, Lulu

Dundee: Gandhi’s arrest and arraignment in,
5.1
,
5.2
; mines in,
5.3
; monument to Gandhi in,
1.1

Durban,
2.1
,
2.2
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
11.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
; Gandhi’s legal practice in,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
12.3
; Gandhi’s political activities in,
2.5
; Gandhi’s post-strike appearances in,
5.3
; Gandhi’s prolonged absence from,
4.3
,
4.4
,
4.5
,
4.6
; Gandhi’s speech at racecourse in (1913),
5.4
; monument to Gandhi in,
1.4
; satyagraha campaign of 1913 in,
5.5
,
5.6
,
5.7
,
5.8
; Zulu “pogrom” against Indians in (1949),
3.3
.
See also
Phoenix Settlement

East Bengal,
11.1
,
12.1
.
See also
Bangladesh; Noakhali; Srirampur

East Pakistan.
See
Bangladesh

Empire Theater (Johannesburg),
1.1
,
3.1
,
8.1

English language, Gandhi’s use and nonuse of,
1.1
,
1.2
,
6.1

Erikson, Erik,
1.1
,
3.1
,
4.1

Esoteric Christian Union,
1.1
,
2.1

Ezhavas (sometimes spelled Ilhaves),
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5
,
7.6
,
7.7
,
10.1
; mass conversion of,
10.2

fasts,
1.1
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
6.1
,
8.1
; Gandhi’s decrees on,
7.1
,
9.1
; Hindu-Muslim violence and,
6.2
,
7.2
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
; partial, Gandhi’s daily meager diet as,
4.2
; for purification of Congress,
9.2
; seventeenth and final,
12.5
,
12.6
; untouchability issue and,
2.1
,
2.2
,
9.3
,
9.4
,
9.5
,
9.6
,
12.7
; in Vaikom Satyagraha,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5
,
9.7
,
9.8