God’s Traitors: Terror & Faith in Elizabethan England (79 page)

Catesby, Robert xii, xvii, xviii, xix, 1, 2, 33, 218, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275 277, 279, 280–1, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 289–94, 295–7, 296
n
, 299, 300, 301, 303, 304
n
, 307, 312, 313, 316, 322, 323, 327
n
, 330, 335, 336, 341, 342, 344, 346

Catesby, Sir William 76, 76
n
, 83, 87, 91, 109–10, 159–60, 227, 273, 274

Catherine of Aragon, Queen 9
n
, 10, 17, 368

Catholic Church: recusants and
see
recusants; Jesuits
see
Society of Jesus (Jesuits); Mass and
see
Mass, Catholic; papacy and
see
papacy; dissolution of the monasteries and 12–13; iconoclasm 13–14, 16, 16
n
; Passion and 13, 14, 45, 170, 171, 175, 228; tran-substantiation and 13, 14, 80, 363; Easter and 14; First Communion and 14–15; Edward VI ‘purification’ of 15–17, 16
n
; England breaks with 21–2; Elizabeth’s religious ‘settlement’ and 21–4, 47, 117; resilience of 24; rising in Northern England, 1569, and 28–9, 32, 34; Council of Trent and 46–7; insistence on absolute recusancy (question of attendance of Protestant service) and 57, 61; legislation curbing practices of
see
Parliament; evangelizing impulse 69, 116, 117; equivocation and 109, 141, 180–2, 189, 202, 250, 293, 295, 296, 313, 345, 350, 352; Armada backlash against 160–1; belief in supernatural within 263

Catholic League xviii, 95, 106

Catholic Relief Act, 1829 363

Catilyn, Maliverey (spy known as ‘II’) xix, 138, 139

Cave, William 165, 166, 181–2

Cecil, Sir Robert, 1st Earl of Salisbury xix, 191, 202, 203, 225, 239, 260, 265, 274, 276, 284, 298–9, 301, 302, 305, 305
n
, 306, 308, 315, 315
n
, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 327, 332, 334, 337
n
, 338, 339, 344–5, 346, 348, 352, 357

Cecil, Sir Thomas 255

Cecil, Sir William, Lord Burghley xix, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 37, 60, 68–9, 73, 75, 92, 99, 100, 102, 103, 105, 106, 107, 109, 111, 125, 127–8, 155, 158, 161, 162, 191, 207–8, 225, 226, 229, 260, 274–5, 345

Chamberlain, John 237–8
n
, 274, 275, 285

Charles I, King 360–1

Chartley Manor, Staffordshire 125, 126

Cheney family 11, 100, 122

‘church papist’ 3, 45–6

Clifton, Thomas 93

Clink prison, Southwark 90, 90
n
, 210, 244, 246, 247, 250, 251

Clitherow, Margaret 154–5

Cobham, Sir Henry 92–3, 95, 97, 278

Coke, Sir Edward xix, 187, 306, 321, 322, 323–4, 332–3, 336, 344–5, 346

Collins, Robert 240, 241

Combe Abbey, Warwickshire 282

Copley, Anthony 96
n
, 238–9, 277

Copley, Sir Thomas 95–6, 97, 100, 240

Cornford, Thomas, S.J. 180–1

Coughton Court, Warwickshire 97
n
, 296–7, 296
n
, 299, 300, 323, 329, 333, 334, 342

Council of Trent, 1545–63 46–7, 52, 150
n

Counter-Reformation 4, 49, 52, 54, 146, 171, 185, 250, 353

Counter prison, Poultry 90, 91, 210, 244

Counter, Wood Street 122, 129

Cowling, Richard, S.J. 255, 256
n
, 281

Creswell, Joseph, S.J. 198
n
, 280, 323

Crisp, Francis 257

Cromwell, Thomas 11

Darrell, John 118

Davies, Henry 138, 228

Dibdale, Robert 122

Dickenson, Roger 103

Digby, Mary, Lady 251, 261, 293, 300, 304, 315, 317, 341

Digby, Sir Everard xviii, 250, 261, 261
n
, 265, 284, 296–7, 299, 300, 307, 312, 316–17, 321–2, 323, 329

Dodwell, Thomas (spy) 105, 385

Don John of Austria 35, 70

Donne, Elizabeth 149–50

Donne, John vii, 73, 91, 149, 230, 275

Douai/Rheims seminary xviii, 23, 25, 52, 65, 69, 93–4, 95, 96, 97, 103–4, 149, 188, 256

‘Dowglas’ (priest) 37

Dowland, John 225

Drake, Sir Francis 19, 156

Drayton House, Northamptonshire 38, 285

Easton Neston, Northamptonshire 261, 267, 306, 307

Edict of Nantes, 1598 277

Edward IV, King 9

Edward VI, King 11, 15–17, 16
n
, 19, 20
n
, 21

Elizabeth I, Queen xvii, xviii, xix, 3–4, 6, 7, 8, 21–4, 25, 27, 28–36, 45, 47, 53, 54, 57, 58, 61, 62, 62
n
, 64, 65, 67, 68
n
, 77, 90, 95, 96, 99, 107–10, 113, 121, 125, 127, 128, 136
n
, 151, 160,
160
, 162–3, 164, 200, 202, 207, 208, 217, 228, 255, 274, 275, 276, 280, 346

Elizabethan Religious Settlement 21–4, 47, 117

Elizabeth, Princess (daughter of James I) 282, 283

Ely, Cambridgeshire 159–60, 164, 213

Emerson, Ralph (Jesuit lay brother) 56

English Civil War, 1642–51 6, 361

English College, Rome 52, 65, 71, 90
n
, 101, 179, 212, 213, 260, 356

Erith, Thames Estuary 271, 271
n
, 288–9, 334, 344, 348, 349

Essex rebellion, 1601 272, 286
n
, 343

Essex, Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of 199, 207–8, 272, 286
n
, 343

Exercise of a Christian Life, The
(Loarte) 40, 48–52, 53, 67, 342

exorcism xx, 5, 112–24, 130, 131, 137, 146, 173, 186, 187, 263, 353

Fawkes, Guy 206, 256
n
, 274, 280–2, 293, 298, 300, 306, 316, 321
n
, 322, 323, 365

Fawsley, Northamptonshire 38, 259–60, 359–60

Fermor, Mary, Lady 302, 305, 306–7, 361

Fermor, Sir George 267, 302, 303–4, 307, 312–13, 405

Ferrers, Henry 166–7, 282

Finche, John 46

Fitzherbert, Thomas 70

Flamstead family 46

Fleet prison, London 79–80, 89, 90–1, 99, 100, 109, 162, 199, 215, 217, 232, 234, 237, 357, 361

Floyd, Griffith 339

Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire 125, 127

Foxe, John:
Actes and Monuments
(known as the ‘Book of Martyrs’) 19, 40

France xviii, 4, 10, 23, 24, 25, 27, 35–6, 44, 55, 65, 71, 95, 96, 97–8, 104, 106, 126, 129, 164, 183–5, 197, 217, 228, 236

Fremland, Essex 289, 344

Fulwood, Richard xix, 183–4, 186, 209, 247, 248, 249–50, 348

Fulshurst, George xvii, 232, 273

Garnet, Henry, S.J.: Jesuit Superior in England, 1586–1606 xviii; harboured by Anne Vaux and Eleanor Brooksby xviii, 146, 152, 166, 167, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192–6, 197; aliases 1–2, 313; Gunpowder Plot, involvement in 2, 289–93, 294, 295, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 304, 306, 310–11, 313, 317, 322, 323, 324; nature of relationship with Anne Vaux 2, 146, 147–8, 150, 151, 152, 338–46, 347–9, 350–3; prison correspondence (etched in orange juice) 2, 329–34, 336–9, 346–9; Elizabeth Beaumont and 43, 155, 156, 165; enters England on Jesuit mission, 1586 133–5, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 149, 150; appearance 133, 287, 345; family background 133; becomes Jesuit priest 134; character 134; takes over as Jesuit superior in England 137, 146; death of Henry Vaux and 139; thinks Eleanor Brooksby ‘rather timid’ 145, 194, 216; labels Eleanor Brooksby and Anne Vaux ‘the widow and the virgin’ 146; visitors carefully vetted 149; Anne Vaux’s donation of money to mission and 153; circumspection over summer of 1588 165; on effect of Armada on English Catholics 165; Warwickshire household and 166, 167, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192–6, 197; Owen and 179; cottage in Finsbury Fields raided, 1591 180, 180
n
;
A treatise against lying and fraudulent dissimulation
181, 182, 293, 296, 345; ‘Garnetian Academy’ 181, 186; arranges escape of Frances Burroughs from England 183–4, 185;
The Societie of the Rosary
185–6, 185
n
; attempts to improve reception and transfer of seminarians in England 188; October 1591 raid and 192–6, 197; moves to London after raid 198; begs Aquaviva to accept his resignation 198–9, 206–7; on Topcliffe 199; death of Southwell and 202–4; visits north of England, winter 1592–3 206; fears arrest 206; on uproar in London, 1594 207–9;
An Apology Against the Defence of Schism
, 1593 212;
A Treatise of Christian Renunciation
, 1593 212; Archpriest George Blackwell and 213; as target for critics of Jesuits 213; at Morecrofts 218, 249–50; move to White Webbs 219, 289, 323; professes final Jesuit vows, 1598 219; Gerard and 202–3, 207, 209, 247, 249, 252, 253, 254, 332, 351; on mood at James VI accession to throne 275, 277, 278, 280, 281; receives ‘breves’ from Rome 275, 323; facilitates Wintour’s access to Spanish court 280, 323; visits St Winifred’s Well in Wales, 1605 287, 291, 306, 323; suffers from depression 287; Luisa de Carvajal visits 287–8; Catesby posits hypothetical question on ‘killing innocents’ to, June 1605 289–91; Tesimond informs of ‘all the matter’ of the powder plot 292; seeks papal direction on Gunpowder Plot 292–3, 323; stays at Coughton Court 296–7, 299–300, 323; discovery of Gunpowder Plot, consequences for 299, 300, 301, 304, 307, 310–11, 313, 317, 322, 323, 324; search of Hindlip and 324, 325, 326, 327–8; captured 327–8; imprisoned 329–35; rumours of torture and drunkenness 332, 334; admits foreknowledge of Gunpowder Plot 335–6; Anne Vaux’s devotion to mocked 338–9; trial 344–5, 347; concern for Anne Vaux after sentence 347; protests innocence to Anne Vaux 347; last letters 347–9; executed 350–1; ‘Garnet’s Straw’ 175, 351–3

Garnet, Margaret 339

Garnet, Thomas, S.J. 174, 329

Gatehouse prison, London 201, 202, 301, 318, 329, 330, 332

Gayhurst, Buckinghamshire 261, 293, 294

Gee, John 263, 287, 352

Gerard, John, S.J.: ‘Long John with the little beard’ xviii, 245, 252; Eliza Vaux and xviii, 254, 255–62, 276, 304, 305, 306, 312, 314–15, 316–17, 318, 319–20; on Henry Vaux 45, 139; on Mass equipment 101
n
, 175;
Autobiography
101
n
, 137
n
, 138
n
, 194–5
n
, 250–1, 261
n
, 262, 266, 304
n
, 311–12, 313, 314–15; on Justice Young 137
n
; on the Marshalsea 138
n
; on relics of Robert Sutton 172; on skill of ‘Little John’ Owen 179; lands in England, 1588 186–8; on Hindlip 187; character 189, 250–3, 272; in Warwickshire 189, 190, 191, 194
n
, 197; 1591 raid and 194
n
, 197; on Topcliffe 199; Garnet and 202–3, 207, 209, 247, 249, 252, 253, 254, 332, 351; raid on Braddocks, 1594, and 209–10; capture of, 1594 210; in Counter prison, Poultry 210, 244; transferred to the Clink 210, 244, 247, 251; torture of 244–6; appearance 245, 251–2; prison correspondence (etched in orange juice) 246–7; escape from Tower, 1597 246–50, 271; conversions 260–1, 284, 299, 304
n
; at Morecrofts 271; Catesby and 272; knighting of brother 276; Bye Plot and 277; James I accession and 277, 279; gunpowder plotters receive communion from, 1604 281–2, 306, 323; search of Harrowden Hall, 1605, and 308, 310–12;
Narrative of the
Gunpowder Plot
312, 313–15, 314
n
, 315
n
, 316; Eliza Vaux questioned on knowledge of 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 319; flees England 318, 320, 349–50; trial of gunpowder plotters and 322; warrant issued for arrest of, January 1606 322; imprisonment of Garnet and 332; on Anne Vaux’s chastity 339; on capture of Anne Vaux 341; Garnet’s execution and 349–50; rumours of return to England 356

Gerard, Sir Thomas 273

Gifford, Gilbert 125–6