God’s Traitors: Terror & Faith in Elizabethan England (74 page)

18
   Howell,
State Trials
, II, cols 165, 219.

25
That Woman

1
     PRO 14/216/200; Luisa de Carvajal to Magdalena de San Jerónimo, 12 April 1606 (NS), in Rhodes,
This Tight Embrace
, p. 239.

2
     PRO SP 14/216/241.

3
     Foley,
Records
, IV, p. 148.

4
     CP, 110, no. 16.

5
     PRO SP 14/216/242.

6
     PRO SP 14/19, f. 20v.

7
     BL Add. MS 11402, ff. 190v–110r; BL Stowe MS 168, f. 364r; CP, 227, p. 209; Hogge,
God’s Secret Agents
, pp. 363–5; M. Hodgetts, ‘Owen, Nicholas’,
ODNB
.

8
     PRO SP 14/19, ff. 17–20.

9
     HMC Salisbury, 18, pp. 108–9; Gerard,
Narrative
, pp. 173–4; Foley,
Records
, IV, p. 153.

10
   Foley,
Records
, IV, p. 153
n
.

11
   Ibid., pp. 148–53.

12
   HMC Salisbury, 18, p. 108; ABSI Anglia A III, 64; Howell,
State Trials
, II, col. 243; Rhodes,
This Tight Embrace
, p. 237; Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, pp. 156, 158.

13
   Travers,
Gunpowder
, p. 155.

14
   Foley,
Records
, IV, p. 155; HMC Salisbury, 18, pp. 109–110.

15
   Gardiner, ‘Two Declarations’, p. 516; HMC Salisbury, 18, pp. 107, 109.

16
   Gardiner, ‘Two Declarations’, p. 518; HMC Salisbury, 18, pp. 96, 107, 111.

17
   Bod MS Eng. Th. B. 2, p. 134; Foley,
Records
, IV, p. 157.

18
   Alice Hogge’s words (
God’s Secret Agents
, p. 344).

19
   HMC Salisbury, 18, p. 108; Gardiner, ‘Two Declarations’, p. 517.

20
   Howell,
State Trials
, II, col. 256.

21
   PRO SP 14/216/244.

22
   Gerard,
Narrative
, p. 168.

23
   PRO SP 14/216/245. Gerard,
Narrative
, p. 306.

24
   PRO SP 14/216/246.

25
   HMC Salisbury, 18, p. 111 (CP, 115, f. 16r).

26
   Lessius and Androtius,
The Treasure of Vowed Chastity
, dedication; Inner Temple, Petyt MS 538.38, f. 415r; Gerard,
Narrative
, p. 172; Caraman,
Garnet
, pp. 175, 321; Fraser,
The Gunpowder Plot
, pp. 237–9.

27
   Caraman,
Garnet
, p. 193.

28
   PRO SP 14/81, ff. 122–3.

29
   McCoog,
The Society of Jesus
, p. 138; Loarte,
The Exercise of a Christian Life
, pp. 80, 105; Lessius and Androtius,
The Treasure of Vowed Chastity
, p. 199.

30
   McNamara,
Sisters in Arms
, esp. chs 1 and 16; Lessius and Androtius,
The Treasure of Vowed Chastity
, ch. 2.

31
   PRO SP 14/216/242.

32
   Gerard,
Narrative
, pp. 171–2.

33
   Luisa de Carvajal to Magdalena de San Jerónimo, 12 April 1606 (NS), in Rhodes,
This Tight Embrace
, p. 239.

34
   PRO SP 14/216/200.

35
   Gardiner, ‘Two Declarations’, p. 515 (CP, 110, f. 33v).

36
   HMC Salisbury, 18, pp. 109–10 (CP, 115, f. 15).

37
   Tesimond,
Narrative
, p. 190.

38
   Rhodes,
This Tight Embrace
, pp. 236–9.

39
   PRO 14/216/201. The words that I have transcribed as ‘any ways’ are problematic. In the original, they are ‘ane yease’ and have been interpreted variously. Anne sometimes wrote ‘y’ for ‘w’ (e.g. SP 14/216/244, lines 2 & 9).

40
   PRO SP 14/216/211; Wake, ‘The Death of Francis Tresham’, p. 40.

41
   PRO SP 14/216/205–6.

42
   PRO SP 14/216, nos. 205, 212.

43
   HMC Salisbury, 18, p. 109 (CP, 115, f. 14v); Gardiner, ‘Two Declarations’, p. 512.

44
   PRO SP 14/216/215.

45
   For the trial, see Howell,
State Trials
, II, cols 217–355; Gerard,
Narrative
, pp. 224–64; Foley,
Records
, IV, pp. 164–90; Rhodes,
This Tight Embrace
, pp. 235–7.

46
   Bod MS Laud Misc. 655, first leaf.

47
   HMC Salisbury, 17, p. 595; PRO SP 14/19, f. 40r.

26
Yours Forever

1
     Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, p. 156; Gerard,
Narrative
, p. 175.

2
     PRO SP 14/20, ff. 29–30.

3
     HMC Salisbury, 18, p. 97.

4
     PRO SP 14/20, f. 91.

5
     PRO SP 14/21, f. 2r; Foley,
Records
, III, p. 513; Gerard,
Narrative
, p. 288; Gerard,
Autobiography
, p. 209.

6
     Bod MS Eng. Th. B. 2, p. 133. Also Anstruther,
Vaux
, p. 368.

7
     Bod MS Eng. Th. B. 2, p. 133; Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, p. 158. See too Gerard,
Narrative
, pp. 289–97.

8
     Howell,
State Trials
, II, cols 355, 357.

9
     PRO SP 14/21, f. 2r.

10
   Bod MS Eng. Th. B. 2, p. 134.

11
   HMC Buccleuch, 1, p. 64.

12
   Gerard,
Narrative
, p. 294; BL Add. MS 34218, f. 82v; Bod MS Eng. Th. B. 2, p. 135.

13
   BL Add. MS 34218, f. 82v; Howell,
State Trials
, II, col. 358; Gerard,
Narrative
, pp. 295–6; Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, p. 158.

14
   Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, pp. 165, 174, 196; ABSI Anglia A III, 64; LRO Parish Register, Ashby Magna, 7 June 1606.

15
   Bod MS Eng. Th. B. 2, p. 134; BL Add. MS 21203, f. 22r.

16
   For what follows, see Bod MS Eng. Th. B. 2, pp. 135–6; AAW A VIII, nos. 13–18; Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, pp. 201–3, 292–3; Bartoli,
Dell’ Istoria
, pp. 582–5; Foley,
Records
, IV, pp. 121–33, 195–210; Gerard,
Narrative
, pp. 297–305; Gerard,
Autobiography
, pp. 201–2, 274–6. HMC Salisbury, 18, p. 357; HMC Downshire, 2, p. 454; BL Stowe MS 169, f. 27r; Gee,
The Foot out of the Snare
, p. 137; Sheldon,
Survey
, pp. 94–5; P[ricket],
The Jesuits Miracles
,
passim
(quotation at sig. B3r). Also Caraman,
Garnet
, App. D; Walsham,
Providence
, pp. 242–3, and, for a fascinating discussion of the straw as a rebus, Shell,
Oral Culture
, pp. 134–5.

17
   The phrase is Alexandra Walsham’s (‘Miracles’, p. 791).

18
   Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, p. 279.

Epilogue

1
     Lippincott,
Merry Passages and Jeasts
, no. 361.

2
     
LJ
, III, pp. 209–10.

3
     ABSI Anglia A III, 64.

4
     Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, pp. 256–7, 278; T. M. McCoog, ‘Wright, William’,
ODNB
; Foley,
Records
, II, pp. 275–86.

5
     BL Add. MS 34765, f. 27r; PRO SP 38/9; PRO E 377, nos. 31, 33; Fraser,
The Gunpowder Plot
, p. 236; Foley,
Records
, V, pp. 598–600.

6
     Anstruther,
Vaux
, pp. 460–2; McCoog, ‘The Society of Jesus in England’, pp. 293–5; Beales,
Education Under Penalty
, pp. 209–11.

7
     Lessius and Androtius,
The Treasure of Vowed Chastity
, sigs *2r–*6v; Walpole,
The Life of B. Father Ignatius
, sig. A2.

8
     McCoog, ‘The Society of Jesus in England’, pp. 290–3. The full title was: the Residence of St Anne with the Leicester mission. In 1633 it became the College of the Immaculate Conception with the mission of Nottingham and Derby.

9
     Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, I, p. 196; Anstruther,
Vaux
, pp. 381–2. See McCoog, ‘The Society of Jesus in England’, pp. 193–5 for the ‘church’ of AP (Percy) in 1609.

10
   Anstruther,
Vaux
, pp. 377–8; H. Chadwick,
St Omers to Stonyhurst: A History of Two Centuries
(1962).

11
   Carvajal,
Epistolario
, no. 135. I am grateful to George McPherson for his translation from the Spanish. The letter can now also be read in translation in Redworth,
Letters of Luisa de Carvajal
, II, pp. 188–90. Several
Newsletters from the Archpresbyterate of George Birkhead
(nos 19, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32, 36, 41) are instructive on the raid and its aftermath, as is the editor Michael Questier’s excellent commentary. Gilbert Pickering’s gloating letter can be read in BL Add. MS 15625, f. 3r (endorsed on f. 4v). Otherwise see the detailed account provided by Anstruther,
Vaux
, pp. 392–407, 414–21, 426–9.

12
   Gerard,
Autobiography
, p. 181n.

13
   Gilbert Pickering, whose sister was Elizabeth Throckmorton (BL Add. MS 15625, f. 3r), was involved in the witches of Warboys story. See D. P. Walker,
Unclean Spirits: Possession and Exorcism in France and England in the Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries
(1981), pp. 49–52; Philip C. Almond,
The Witches of Warboys: An Extraordinary Story of Sorcery, Sadism and Satanic Possession
(2008),
passim
, but esp. pp. 31–2.