Alphabetical (53 page)

manuscripts: Latin,
80
,
132
,
252
,
268
,
284
,
334
; illuminated,
83
,
144
,
182
; ancient,
295

Mao Tse-tung,
186

Marvell, Andrew,
272–3

Marx, Karl,
186

Mary Queen of Scots,
48–50
,
239

Masefield, John,
253

Massachusetts,
300
,
355

Mattus, Reuben,
330–2

Maxwell, Robert,
262

medieval: period,
18
,
118
,
132
,
136
,
177
,
182
,
237
,
284
,
334
,
364
; society,
75
; scribes,
94
,
218
,
376
; manuscripts,
228
,
296
; monks,
238
,
295
; Europe,
364

Mediterranean,
13

Melpomene,
197

Michael, Kirk,
343

Micklewhite, Maurice
see
Caine, Michael

micro-visual appliances,
321

Middle East,
223
,
341

Middle English,
19
,
73
,
339

mikron,
218

Milton, John,
247

Mind Your Own Business
,
262

Mini A-Z of London
,
401

Minor, William Chester,
351
;
see also
Oxford English Dictionary

Mississippi Delta,
277

mnemonics,
15
,
70
,
190
,
193
,
197
,
201
,
211

Mnemosyne,
197

Mona Lisa
(painting),
146
,
154

monoalphabetic code,
53

Monroe, James,
301

Moon, Robert Aurand,
392

Morgan, Edwin,
90

morphology,
29
,
61
,
74

Morris, William,
98
,
186

Morristown: Speedwell Ironworks,
301

Morse, Samuel Finley Breese,
300

Morse code,
298–302
,
317

mu,
114
,
118

Muir, Frank,
350
,
409

Mulcaster, Richard,
243–4

Munich,
58

Murray, John,
357

Muses,
197

Mussolini, Benito,
291

Myst computer game,
168

N'Ko language,
167

Napoleon I,
297
,
303

Nash, Ogden,
273

National Biscuit Company (Nabisco),
189

National Football League,
338

National Institute for the Blind (Paris),
304–5

National Phonographic Society,
235–6

Nazi Party,
186
,
291

Needham, Paul,
84–5

New English Alphabet,
168
;
see also
Tolkien, J. R. R.

New York City,
314

New York University,
301

New Zealand: shifting vowels,
3
,
81

Newton, Isaac,
241

Night Writing,
303–5

Nineveh: library,
13
,
253

Nobel Peace Prize,
302

nonsense:
207–15
; words,
36
,
40
; writers,
207–9

Norden, Denis,
350
,
409

Norfolk,
187
,
240
,
300

Norman French,
3
,
7
,
19
,
23
,
64
,
73–4
,
80
,
137
,
218
,
268
,
310
,
340
,
347
,
388

Normans, the,
3
,
42
,
124
,
136–7
,
151
,
161
,
228
,
253
,
334
,
340

Norse religion,
69

North America: settlers in,
169
,
338
,
341
,
368
; continent,
338
,
341
;
see also
Vinland

Northern Ireland,
124

Northmen,
338
;
see also
Vikings

Norwegian language,
151
,
294

nu,
113
,
204

Nuffield Theatre, Southampton,
262

nursery rhymes,
31

Observer
,
47

Odyssey, The
,
275–6
,
328
;
see also
Homer

Óengus II,
372

Ohman, Olof,
337

OK: origins of,
223–4

Old English,
19
,
67
,
70–7
,
81
,
109
,
137
,
142
,
245
,
274–5
,
278–9
,
334
,
339
,
343
,
346
,
376
,
384

Old French,
109–10
,
340

Old Germanic,
285

Old Irish,
275

Old Norse,
162
,
294
,
341

Old Testament,
13
,
389

Olivetti typewriter,
261–2
;
see also
typewriter

Olympic Games: 1912,
294

Olympic Park,
394

omega,
113–14
,
182
,
218
,
396

omicron,
113

Onions, C. T.,
349

onomatopoeia,
60
,
162
,
383

Opie, Iona and Peter,
207

Orkneys, the,
341
,
344

‘Oulipo' (‘Ouvroir de Littérature Potentielle'),
403–11

Ovid,
276

Owen, Wilfred,
67

Oxford dictionaries,
142
,
207
,
303
,
357

Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes
,
207

Oxford English Dictionary
(OED),
351
,
358–60

Oxford English Dictionary, Shorter
,
349–51

Oxford-Duden, Pictorial English Dictionary, The
,
353

Page, R. I.,
344

palindromes,
409

pangram,
403–4

Paris,
88
,
239
,
297
,
301
,
304–5
,
394

Parliament,
137
,
240–2
,
249
,
395

Parthenon,
237

Passy, Paul,
302–3

Pearl Harbor,
314

Pearsall, Phyllis,
399–400

Pennsylvania Gazette
,
368

Penny Post,
232–4

Pepys, Samuel,
241

Perec, Georges,
406

Peter Piper's Practical Principles of Plain and Perfect Pronunciation
,
385

Phelippes, Thomas,
49–50
,
183

Phi Beta Kappa Society,
114

phi,
114

Phoenician alphabet,
2
,
13–17
,
113
,
130
,
136
,
160
,
176
,
204
,
218
,
228
,
252
,
268
,
284
,
310
,
376
,
388
,
396

phonemes,
32
,
232
,
236
,
242–3

phonetic: principles,
9–13
; alphabet,
111
,
168
,
231–2
,
247
,
303
,
315
; shorthand,
231–4
,
242

phonics:
32–6
,
40
,
129
,
196
,
205
,
229
,
399
; synthetic,
32
,
36
,
196
; ‘Screening Check',
40

Phonographic Festival,
235

phonographic shorthand,
236

Phonography
(Pitman),
234–6

pi,
113–14
,
228

pictograms,
11
,
64
,
165–6
,
382
,
396

Picts, the,
372

Pinner Wood Primary School,
253

Pitman: Sir Isaac,
170
,
232
,
236
; shorthand,
213–50
;
Phonography
,
236

Pitman, Jacob,
231
; Archive,
234–5
; alphabet,
235

Pitman, James,
247
; Initial Teaching Alphabet,
247

poetry: convention of starting each line with a capital,
87
; e. e. cummings,
87–8
,
279
; ‘concrete',
89–90
,
279
; Catullus,
132–3
; epic,
197
; Muses,
197
; pulse,
273
; rhyme,
273–6
; rhythm,
273–8
; Old English,
274
,
343
; troubadour,
276
; jazz,
278
; workshops,
305
; alliterative,
385

Poland,
33

Pollard script,
169

Polybius,
298
,
303

Polyhymnia,
168

Polynesian dialects, Porta, Giovanni,
55

Portugal,
131

postal service,
392–4

postcodes,
391–5
,
400
;
see also
ZIP codes

post-modernism,
359

Potter, Beatrix,
37
,
276
,
353

Powell, General Colin,
171

prefixes,
29
,
197
,
205
,
229
,
237
,
241
,
245
,
365

Presley, Elvis,
277

Princeton University,
84

printing ‘punch matrix' system,
84–5

‘Prisoner's constraint',
407

Protestant missionaries: American,
168–9

Protestants,
124
,
168
,
189
,
239

Proust, Marcel,
382

proverbs,
405–9

Psalms,
242
,
279

psi,
114

‘Psy' (Park Jae-Sang),
163

Ptolemy III,
91

puns,
46

‘punch matrix' printing system,
84–5

Punic War, First,
297

Puritanism,
172
,
183
,
240–1
,
343
,
398

puzzle books,
408

psychogeography,
394

Qabala,
189
,
253

Qenyatic,
168

Queneau, Raymond,
403

Quikscript,
247

quizzes,
199
,
359
,
389
,
408