A Troublesome Inheritance: Genes, Race and Human History (32 page)

social norms,
49
–50,
57
,
58

punishment for violating,
49
–50,
57
–58,
124
,
125
,
238
,
243

social rank,
129
–30

descent in,
160
,
163
,
166

mobility in,
164

social science,
4
,
241

human evolution and,
5

race as viewed in,
5

societies,
123
–49

evolution of,
132
–35

Sociobiology
(Wilson),
59

South America,
134
,
246

South Korea,
13
,
179
–80,
183
,
189

Soviet Union,
195

Sowell, Thomas,
150
,
185
,
186
–88

species:

new, generation of,
71
–75

races as,
20
,
22
–23

Spencer, Herbert,
24

sperm,
106

sphingolipids,
206
,
207
–8

spread zones,
83
,
84
–85

Stalin, Joseph,
135

Stanford University,
79

states, formation of,
63
,
133
–35,
137
–44,
178
,
226
,
245
,
246

in China,
137
–42,
144

in Europe,
137
,
138
,
140
–41,
142
,
144
,
146

in India,
137
,
141
–42

in Muslim world,
137

Stearns, Stephen,
3
–4

sterilization,
27
–31,
33
–38

Stoneking, Mark,
108
–9

Suleiman the Magnificent,
12

Sumerian civilization,
134

Sunda,
91

sundadonty,
91
,
92

Supreme Court, U.S.,
29
–30,
31
,
38

surnames,
163
–64

survival of the fittest,
24

sweat glands,
89
,
90
,
91

Taiwan,
13

Talmud,
205
,
211
,
212

Tasmania,
93

Tay-Sachs disease,
206

technology,
234
,
248

teeth,
89
,
91
,
92
,
121

wisdom,
168

telescopes,
215
–19,
228

Tempier, Étienne,
231

Thailand,
88
,
187

thalassemia,
111
,
118

theory of mind,
48

thrift and saving,
156
,
160
,
172
,
183
,
184
–85,
244

Tibetans,
3
,
8
,
84
,
107
,
214

time preference,
157
–58

Tishkoff, Sarah,
100
,
101

Tomasello, Michael,
48
,
49

Torah,
210
–11

torture,
169
,
170

trade,
124
–25,
180
,
232
–33,
247

Jews and,
212
,
213
,
214

tribalism, tribal societies,
9
,
10
,
63
,
64
,
136
–37,
142
,
147
–48,
173
–77,
196
–97,
223
,
241

in Africa,
173
,
175
,
177
,
181

in China,
140
,
142

escape from,
177
–82

in Europe,
137
,
144
,
145
,
147

kinship in,
178

lineage in,
136
–37,
145

in Middle East,
173
,
174
–75,
177

trust,
50
–53,
57
,
61
,
62
,
148
,
178
,
180
,
184
,
185
,
189
,
196
–97,
241
,
243
,
245

natural selection and,
53

oxytocin and,
51
–53,
243

twins,
54

Uigur Turks,
84
,
94

UNESCO,
69

United Nations,
174

University of Utah,
202
–5,
207
–9,
214

universities,
231
–32

politics and,
6
–7

Unz, Ron,
165
,
192

urbanization,
180
,
188

Ussher, James,
20

vaccination,
24
–25,
30

Vanhanen, Tatu,
191
–93

vasopressin,
53

Vaughn, Michael,
56

Venter, Craig,
68

Vietnam,
187
,
220

villages,
132

violence,
57
,
156
,
160
,
168
–71,
175
,
189
,
236
,
244

to animals,
169

homicide,
156
,
170
,
172

torture,
169
,
170

see also
aggression

vitamin D,
86
–87

voles,
52
–53

Wagner, Richard,
37

walking upright,
44

warfare,
64
,
78
,
80
,
83
,
124
–25,
130
–31,
132
,
133
,
169
–70,
232
,
245
,
247

wealth,
11
–12,
83
,
129
–30,
148
,
196

children and,
159
–60,
166
,
171
–72,
203
,
245

IQ and,
189
–93

Wealth and Poverty of Nations, The
(Landes),
235
–36

weapons,
45

Webb, Beatrice and Sidney,
33

Weber, Max,
140

“we” group,
48
,
49

West,
246
–50

competing institutions in,
224

dynamism of,
219
–21

geographic determinism and,
221
–25

military power of,
220

as open society,
224
–25,
232
–35,
237
,
247
–48

rise of,
12
,
215
–38,
244

science in,
220
,
222
,
224
,
228
–32,
233
,
234

West Africans,
8

Western culture,
9

Why Nations Fail
(Acemoglu and Robinson),
148
–49,
180
,
193
–96

William of Orange,
152
,
194

Wilson, Edward O.,
59

witchcraft burnings,
170

wolves,
167

work, hours spent in,
157
,
158

work ethic,
156
,
172
,
183
,
186
,
188
,
244

World Bank,
176

World War I,
35
,
37

World War II,
36
,
38
,
183
,
220
,
236

Wrangham, Richard,
168

Wright, Sewall,
120

Wright’s fixation index,
118
–19,
120

Wu, Emperor,
166

Yang Guangxian,
219

Yanomamö,
131

Y chromosome,
74
–75,
78
,
163

Yellow River
v
alley,
226

Yoruba,
111

Zheng He,
233

*
Complementary here means that two strands of DNA carry sequences of DNA units that match each other at each pair of bases. Where one strand has A, the other has T at the same position, and where one strand has G, the other has C. Two such strands have a high chemical affinity for each other, which is weakened if even one pair of bases is not complementary.