Read The Sonnets and Other Poems Online

Authors: William Shakespeare

The Sonnets and Other Poems (48 page)

BOOK: The Sonnets and Other Poems
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12
gold candles
i.e. stars   

13
hearsay
rumor, secondhand information   

14
purpose
intend   

1
glass
mirror   

2
one date
the same age   

3
furrows
i.e. wrinkles   

4
look I
I expect   

expiate
end   

6
raiment
clothing   

7
in … me
refers to the popular poetic concept of lovers exchanging hearts   

9
be … wary
take good care of yourself   

11
chary
carefully   

13
Presume … heart
do not expect to receive your heart back   

1
unperfect
not word-perfect   

2
with … part
forgets his lines out of stage fright   

3
replete
filled   

5
for … trust
from lack of confidence/for fear of not being trusted   

6
perfect … rite
correct words that make up the rituals of love (
rite
puns on “right,” i.e. what is owed to a lover)   

8
O’ercharged
overloaded   

might
strength   

9
books
i.e. writings (the sonnets)   

10
presagers
indicators/announcers (to create an oxymoron with
dumb
)   

breast
heart   

11
Who
i.e.
my books
  

12
that tongue
i.e. the tongue of some other person   

14
fine wit
sharp intelligence and understanding   

1
stelled
portrayed, delineated   

2
table
flat board on which a picture is painted   

3
frame
picture frame, but plays on the sense of “body”   

4
perspective
type of painting in which the image appeared distorted (or different) until it was viewed from a particular angle   

5
through
i.e. in the work of/by looking into the eyes of   

7
shop
can mean “workshop”   

still
forever   

8
That … eyes
i.e. the young man stares into the poet’s eyes (
windows
), where his own are reflected   

13
this cunning want
lack this skill   

14
know
understand, see into   

2
of
from   

3
triumph
exultation   

4
Unlooked for
unexpectedly/overlooked, disregarded   

joy … most
take pleasure in what I consider most worthy of honor   

5
leaves
petals   

6
marigold
the bright orange-yellow flower was noted for opening its petals in response to the sun   

7
in … burièd
i.e. without the sun, their splendor is lost (shut up within petals)   

8
glory
magnificence/brightness   

9
painful
suffering pain   

famousèd
made famous   

might
the Quarto text has “worth” here, but the failure to rhyme with
quite
has caused most editors to emend to
might
(or “fight”); some retain “worth” and emend
quite
to “forth”   

10
foiled
defeated   

11
razèd
erased   

14
remove
move away (i.e. be unfaithful)   

1
vassalage
total service and allegiance (feudal term)   

2
knit
bound   

3
ambassage
formal message   

4
witness
bear witness to   

wit
intelligence/ingenuity   

6
wanting
lacking   

7
some … it
some clever poetic device that you think up will embellish my plain expression of duty/some favorable opinion of yours will cause you to lodge my vulnerable duty in your soul   

9
moving
life and fortunes   

10
fair aspect
favorable influence (astrological term)   

14
prove me
put me to the test   

2
dear
precious   

travel
plays on the sense of “travail” (hard work)   

5
far
i.e. far away from you   

6
Intend
proceed on/devote themselves toward   

10
shadow
image/ghost   

11
Which
i.e. which shadow   

ghastly
frightening/ghostly   

14
For
on account of   

1
How … then
the argument continues from Sonnet 27   

plight
state, condition   

3
oppression
the oppressive
toil
mentioned in Sonnet 27   

6
shake hands
make a pact   

7
the … complain
night by causing me to complain   

10
dost him grace
i.e. by shining in the sun’s place   

11
swart-complexioned
black-faced   

12
twire
twinkle/peep out   

gild’st the even
make the evening glitter   

1
in disgrace
out of favor   

2
beweep
weep about   

3
bootless
useless   

6
Featured … possessed
having the looks of one man and the friends of another   

7
art
skill/learning   

scope
freedom   

8
With … least
least satisfied with what I have most of   

10
Haply
perhaps/ by good fortune (puns on “happily”)   

state
i.e. state of mind   

12
sullen
dark/melancholy   

14
change
exchange   

1
sessions … summon
the metaphor is of a law court, to which thoughts are summoned as witnesses   

3
sigh
sigh at   

4
new wail
lament anew   

dear
valuable (as in line 13)   

5
flow
i.e. weep   

6
dateless
endless   

7
cancelled
rendered invalid (another legal term)   

8
th’expense
the loss   

9
grievances foregone
past sorrows   

10
heavily
sorrowfully   

tell o’er
add up/relate   

11
account
financial account/narrative (the financial metaphor is maintained with
pay
and
dear
)   

fore-bemoanèd moan
griefs lamented in the past   

1
Thy … dead
i.e. the qualities and affections of dead friends live on in the young man (but there is also the suggestion that the poet has been deserted by his friends or lovers in favor of the young man)   

bosom
heart   

endearèd with
loved by/made more valuable by   

2
lacking
not having, missing   

3
parts
attributes   

5
obsequious
funereal, mourning   

6
dear
tender, heartfelt   

religious
reverent/conscientious   

7
interest
financial interest (owed to the
dead
)   

8
removed
moved elsewhere   

there
i.e. in the young man’s
bosom
  

10
trophies
spoils, memorials, relics   

11
all … give
gave all their shares in me to you   

12
That due of
that which was owed to   

13
I loved
which I loved   

14
And … me
and you, who are all of them, have all of me   

1
my well-contented day
the day of my death, which I welcome/the day when I shall pay all my debts (to nature)   

2
churl
base villain/miser   

3
fortune
chance/good fortune   

4
rude
unpolished   

5
bett’ring … time
superior work subsequently being produced   

7
Reserve
preserve, keep   

rhyme
poetic qualities   

8
height
i.e. height of achievement   

happier
more fortunate, talented   

9
vouchsafe
deign to bestow upon me   

10
Muse
inspiration/skill   

11
dearer birth
i.e. better literary creation   

12
march … equipage
a military metaphor, literally “march among ranks of better equipped soldiers”—i.e. be in the company of more sophisticated
poets
  

4
alchemy
the power to turn base metals into gold   

5
Anon
soon   

basest
lowliest/darkest   

6
rack
mass of clouds driven by the wind (puns on “wrack,” i.e. wreck)   

7
visage
face   

10
all-triumphant
glorious   

11
out, alack
alas   

12
region cloud
cloud of the upper air   

13
no whit
in no way, not at all   

14
Suns … world
earthly kings (but also puns on “sons of the world,” i.e. ordinary mortals)   

stain
become stained, lose brightness/become dishonored   

1
thou
i.e. the sun; continuing the theme of Sonnet 33, the young man’s deception is addressed through weather imagery   

4
brav’ry
splendor   

rotten smoke
unhealthy vapors (clouds were believed to carry disease)   

7
salve
soothing ointment   

8
disgrace
affront/ disfigurement (i.e. scar)   

9
physic
medicine   

12
cross
affliction   

14
ransom
pay, atone for   

3
stain
darken (also implying moral corruption)   

4
canker
cankerworm, a parasitic grub that destroys plants   

6
Authorizing … compare
justifying your misdeeds by making comparisons   

7
corrupting
compromising morally (plays on the sense of “infecting”)   

BOOK: The Sonnets and Other Poems
11.2Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads

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