The Republic of Pirates: Being the True and Surprising Story of the Caribbean Pirates and the Man Who Brought Them Down (59 page)

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Account of battle at Cape Fear:
Governor and Council of South Carolina to the Council of Trade, 21 October 1718, pp. 366–367;
GHP,
pp. 100–102.

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Captives' abortive escape at Cape Fear:
Hargrave (VI), p. 178.

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Quotes on status of blacks:
Ibid.;
TSB,
p. 48. The mulatto captive, Thomas Gerrat, was later tried and found not guilty of piracy.

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Pirates intend to go to St. Thomas:
TSB,
p. 47.

278
Blackbeard's men plundering trading vessels:
ADM 1/1472 fii: Brand to the Admiralty,
Lyme
at Virginia: 6 February 1719.

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Blackbeard's men cause trouble at Bath, Blackbeard cleared to St. Thomas:
Deposition of Governor Charles Eden to North Carolina Council, Chowan, NC: 30 December 1718 in William L Saunders,
Colonial Records of North Carolina,
Vol. II, Raleigh, NC: P. M. Hale, 1886, p. 322.

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Blackbeard at Philadelphia:
John F. Watson,
Annals of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania,
Vol. II, Philadelphia: John Pennington & Uriah Hunt, 1844, pp. 216–218; Lee, p. 78.

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Blackbeard captures French ships near Bermuda:
Alexander Spotswood to Secretary Craggs, Williamsburg, VA: 26 May 1719 in Brock (1882), pp. 316–319; North Carolina Council Minutes, Chowan, NC: 27 May 1719 in Saunders (1886), p. 341; Spotswood to the Lords of Trade, Williamsburg, VA: 26 May 1719 in Brock (1882), p. 323.

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Plundering of French ship, wounded men at Ocracoke:
"Rhode Island Dispatch, November 14,"
Boston News-Letter,
17 November 1718, p. 2; Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719.

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Blackbeard's attack on William Bell:
Ibid., p. 342; Testimony of William Bell, Chowan, NC: 27 May 1719 in Saunders (1886), pp. 342–343.

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Blackbeard goes to Bath:
North Carolina Council Minutes, 27 May 1719, p. 341.

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Blackbeard meets with Knight:
Ibid., pp. 341–342.

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Blackbeard comes to Bath, claims French ship was wreck:
Spotswood to the Lords of Trade, Williamsburg, VA: 26 May 1719 in Brock, p. 323; Testimony of Tobias Knight, Chowan, NC: 27 May 1719 in Saunders (1886), p. 347.

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Pirated sugar in Knight's barn:
Abstract of testimony of Ellis Brand given in Virginia, 12 March 1718, North Carolina Council Minutes, Chowan, NC: 27 Mary 1719 in Saunders (1886), p. 346; ADM 1/1472 fii: Brand to the Admiralty, Galleon's Reach, England: 14 July 1719.

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French ship burned:
Spotswood to the Council of Trade and Plantations, Williamsburg, VA; ii August 1719 in
CSPCS 1719–1720,
No. 357, p. 207.

CHAPTER ELEVEN: HUNTED

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Virginia population, description:
Brock (1882), p. xi; Doyle, pp. 32–39.

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Williamsburg described:
Samuel Chamberlain,
Behold Williamsburg,
New York: Hastings House, 1947, pp. 3, 9; A. Lawrence Kocher and Howard Dearstyne,
Colonial Williamsburg: Its Buildings and Gardens,
Williamsburg, VA: Colonial Williamsburg, 1949, pp. 3–17.

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Governor's Palace:
Instructions to William Bird, Agent for the Colony of Virginia, Williamsburg, VA: 20 November 1718 in
CSPCS 1717–1718,
No. 808iib, p. 435; Kocher and Dearstyle, pp. 21, 52–55.

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Spotswood's land dealings:
Lee, pp. 97–99.

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Spottswood's other dealings:
Address of the House of Burgesses of Virginia to the King, Williamsburg, VA: 20 November 1718 in
CSPCS 1717–1718,
No. 808iia, p. 434; Instructions to William Bird, pp. 434–435.

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Rogers dispatches Hornigold, Cockram:
Rogers to the Council of Trade, 31 October 1718, p. 376.

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Rogers's activities awaiting Hornigold's return, 150 pirates abandon island:
Woodes Rogers to the Council of Trade, 31 October 1718, pp. 376–377.

284 
Hornigold and Vane's activities at Green Turtle Cay:
Protest of Captain King, in
GHP,
pp. 145–146; Deposition of Joseph Aspinwall, in Coldham, pp. 150–151.

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Woodall's capture effects pirate morale:
Rogers to the Council of Trade, 31 October 1718, pp. 376–377.

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Capture of pirates at Green Turtle Cay:
CO 23/1: Trial & Condemnation of Ten Persons for Piracy at New Providence, Nassau: 10 December 1718; Rogers to the Council of Trade, 31 October 1718, pp. 377–378; Rogers to Secretary Craggs, 24 December 1718.

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Council meets to decide prisoners' fate:
CO 23/1, No. 18: Private Consultation Minutes, Nassau: 28 November 1718.

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Vane, Blackbeard at Ocracoke:
GHP,
138; ADM 1/1826: Spotswood to George Gordon, Williamsburg, VA: 24 November 1718; in the letter, Spotswood informs Gordon that "the Pyrats at Okracock have been join'd by some other Pyrat crews, & are increased (as 'tis said) to 170 men."

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Spotswood's secrecy, Virginian pirate sympathizers:
Spotswood to Lord Carteret, Williamsburg, VA: 14 February 1719 in Brock (1882), p. 274; Spotswood to the Council of Trade and Plantations, Williamsburg, VA: 22 December 1718 in
CSPCS 1717–1718,
No. 800, pp. 430–432; ADM 1/1472: Ellis Brand to the Admiralty, Whorstead, England: 8 April 1721.

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Brand, Gordon meet Spotswood after Howard trial:
Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719.

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Size of L
yme,
P
earl:
Lyon, pp. 26, 36.

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Bounty for Thatch:
Spotswood to Council of Trade, 22 December 1718, p. 432.

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Gordon's orders; size, complement of J
ane,
R
anger:
ADM 51/672 p3: entry of 17 November 1718; Abstract of Letter of Robert Maynard to Mr. Symonds of the Phoenix, North Carolina: 17 December 1718 in London
Weekly Journal or British Gazette,
25 April 1719, p. 1,339.

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Maynard as oldest officer:
ADM 1/1826 f2: George Gordon to the Admiralty,
Pearl
at Carlisle Bay, Jamaica: 10 March 1718.

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Edmund Hyde:
Abstract of Letter of Robert Maynard to Mr Symonds, p. 1,339; Hyde's full name and rank is found in ADM 33/311: Paybook of the
Pearl,
where he is listed as "Killed in taking Pirate Teach."

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Hour of 17 November departure:
Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719.

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Edenton (Chowan) area described:
William Gordon to the secretary, London: 12 May 1709 in Saunders (1886), pp. 711–714; Doyle (1907), pp. 44–47.

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Maurice Moore, Edward Moseley:
Lee, pp. 157–160.

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Brand in Edenton, Bath:
Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719.

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Maynard at Roanoke, Currituck Sound:
Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719.

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Blackbeard "fortifying Ocracoke," backed by 170 men:
Spotswood to the Council of Trade, 22 December 1718, p. 430; ADM 1/1826: Spotswood to George Gordon, Williamsburg, VA: 24 November 1718.

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Maynard arrives at Ocracoke:
Ellis Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719.

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Blackbeard's travels, Knight's letter, drinking with Oddell:
ADM 1/1826 f2: George Gordon to the Admiralty, London: 14 September 1721; Tobias Knight to Edward Thatch, Bath, NC: 17 November 1718 in Saunders (1886), pp. 343–344;
GHP,
pp. 80, 83.

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–296
Account of the battle:
Ibid.; Abstract of Letter of Robert Maynard to Mr. Symonds, p. 1,339; "Rhode Island Dispatch, February 20,"
Boston News-Letter,
2 March 1719, p. 2;
GHP,
pp. 79–83; Letter of George Gordon to the Admiralty, 14 September 1721; ADM 33/311: Paybook of the
Lyme
(for identity of slain coxswain Allen Arlington).

296
Goods found by Maynard:
Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719; George Gordon to the Admiralty, 14 September 1721.

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Blackbeard's severed head, body:
Abstract of Letter of Robert Maynard to Mr Symonds, p. 1339; ADM 51/672 p5: Entry of 3 January 1719; Lee, 124.

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Maynard comes to Bath:
Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719;
GHP,
p. 83.

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Brand on Knight:
Brand to the Admiralty, 14 July 1719; Abstract of testimony of Ellis Brand given in Virginia, Saunders (1886), p. 344.

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"
Memorandum in Tache's pocket book,
" other evidence: Ibid.

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Knight shows Brand stolen goods:
Ibid.

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Eden turns over slaves, sugar:
ADM 1/1472 fii: Brand to the Admiralty,
Lyme
at Virginia: March 1719; Brand to the Admiralty, 6 February 1719.

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Maynard's return to Virginia:
ADM 51/672 pt. 5: entry of 3 January 1719.

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Head given to Spotswood, hung from pole:
Extract of some letters from Virginia, London
Weekly Journal or British Gazette,
ii April 1719, p. 1,229; Watson (II, 1844), p. 221.

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Benjamin Franklin's ditty:
Lee, pp. 228–229.

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Trial, execution of Blackbeard pirates:
The trial records have sadly been lost, apparently in the fire that engulfed Virginia's Capitol in 1747. Fragmentary accounts of the trial survive in
GHP,
p. 86, and Saunders (1886), pp. 341–341. See also Lee, pp. 136–142.

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–298
Trial of Tobias Knight:
The full trial record is found in: Minutes of North Carolina Governing Council, Chowan, NC: 27 May 1719 in Saunders (1886), pp. 341–341.

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Eden versus Brand, Spotswood:
Spotswood to Secretary Craggs, 26 May 1719 in Brock (1882), pp. 316–319.

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Moore and Moseley's troubles:
Lee, pp. 161–167.

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Maynard's lawsuit:
George Gordon to the Admiralty, 14 September 1721; Lee, p. 139.

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Bonnet's escape, Richard Tookerman:
HCA i/55: Information of William Rhett, Jr., London: 28 September 1721;
GHP,
p. 102; Hargrave (VI), pp. 162–163; Shirley Carter Hughson,
The Carolina Pirates and Colonial Commerce, 1670–1740,
Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1894, pp. 99–101.

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Disturbances to free pirates:
Hargrave (VI), p. 164.

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Trial, execution of Bonnet's men:
Ibid., p. 183.

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Rhett recaptures Bonnet:
Information of William Rhett, Jr.;
GHP,
pp. 102–103;
GHP,
pp. 102–103; CO 23/1, No. 12i: Mr Gale to Thomas Pitt, Charlestown, SC: 4 November 1718; "Rhode Island Dispatch, December 9,"
Boston News-Letter,
29 December 1718, p. 2.

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Trott's sentence:
Hargrave (VI), p. 188.

[>]
 
Interventions to save Bonnet's life:
GHP,
p. iii.

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Bonnet reprieved seven times; merchants angered:
"By Letters from Carolina of December 8,"
Applebee's Original Weekly Journal,
London: 28 February 1719, p. 1,363.

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Bonnet's letter to Johnson:
Stede Bonnet to Governor Johnson, Charlestown, SC (November or December): 1719 in
GHP,
pp. 112–113.

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Charleston events influence Rogers:
Private consultation minutes, Nassau: 28 November 1718.

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Independent Company surgeon dies:
James Buett was dead by early January 1719, when he was replaced by John Howell, the surgeon previously coveted by Hornigold and Bondavais. CO 23/13, No. 47: Bahamas Council Minutes, Nassau: 12 January 1719.

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Loss of W
illing
M
ind,
Departure of S
amuel:
The
Samuel
departed for England on November ii, while the
Willing Mind
was lost while carrying salvaged cargo back from Green Turtle Cay. CO 23/13, No. 20: Woodes Rogers to Secretary Craggs, Nassau: 24 December 1718; Protest of Captain King, in
GHP,
p. 147.

302
Trial of the Nassau pirates:
CO 23/1: Trial and Condemnation of Ten Persons for Piracy at New Providence, Nassau: 10 December 1718 (hereafter: Trial at New Providence).