The Origins of AIDS (37 page)

15.
Emmanuel
F
et al.
Factors associated with an explosive HIV epidemic among injecting drug users in Sargodha, Pakistan
.
JAIDS
(
2009
),
51
:
85
–90.

16.
Kaplan
EH
et al.
A model-based estimate of HIV infection via needle sharing
.
JAIDS
(
1992
),
5
:
1116
–18.

17.
Hudgens
MG
et al.
Subtype-specific transmission probabilities for HIV-1 among injecting drug users in Bangkok
.
Am J Epidemiol
(
2002
),
155
:
159
–68.

18.
Mathers
BM
et al.
Global epidemiology of injecting drug use and HIV among people who inject drugs: a systematic review
.
Lancet
(
2008
),
372
:
1733
–45.

19.
Patrascu
IV
et al.
HIV-1 infection in Romanian children
.
Lancet
(
1990
),
1
:
672
.

20.
Hersh
B
et al.
AIDS in Romania
.
Lancet
(
1991
),
338
:
645
–9.

21.
Hersh
B
et al.
The epidemiology of HIV and AIDS in Romania
.
AIDS
(
1991
),
5
:
S87
–S92.

22.
Hersh
B
et al.
Risk factors for HIV infection among abandoned Romanian children
.
AIDS
(
1993
),
7
:
1617
–24.

23.
Kozinetz
CA
et al.
The burden of pediatric HIV/AIDS in Constanta, Romania: a cross-sectional study
.
BMC Infect Dis
(
2001
),
1
:
7
.

24.
Apetrei
C
et al.
HIV-1 diversity in Romania
.
AIDS
(
1998
),
12
:
1079
–85.

25.
Guimaraes
ML
et al.
Close phylogenetic relationship between Angolan and Romanian HIV-1 subtype F1 isolates
.
Retrovirology
(
2009
),
6
:
39
.

26.
Yerly
S
et al.
Nosocomial outbreak of multiple bloodborne viral infections
.
J Infect Dis
(
2001
),
184
:
369
–72.

27.
Visco-Comandini
U
et al.
Monophyletic HIV type 1 CRF02_AG in a nosocomial outbreak in Benghazi, Libya
.
AIDS Res Hum Retrovir
(
2002
),
18
:
727
–32.

28.
Hirsch
M
.
Justice in Libya? Let scientific evidence prevail
.
J Infect Dis
(
2007
),
195
:
467
–8.

29.
de Oliveira
T
et al.
HIV-1 and HCV sequences from Libyan outbreak
.
Nature
(
2006
),
44
:
836
–7.

30.
Bobkov
A
et al.
Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in the former Soviet Union: analysis of
env
V3 sequences and their correlation with epidemiologic data
.
AIDS
(
1994
),
8
:
619
–24.

31.
Frank
C
et al.
The role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in the spread of hepatitis C virus in Egypt
.
Lancet
(
2000
),
355
:
887
–91.

32.
Strickland
GT
.
Liver disease in Egypt: Hepatitis C superseded schistosomiasis as a result of iatrogenic and biological factors
.
Hepatology
(
2006
),
43
:
915
–22.

33.
Pybus
OG
et al.
The epidemiology and iatrogenic transmission of hepatitis C virus in Egypt: a Bayesian coalescent approach
.
Molecular Biology & Evolution
(
2003
),
20
:
381
–7.

34.
Madhava
V
et al.
Epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa
.
Lancet Infect Dis
(
2002
),
2
:
293
–302.

35.
Nerrienet
E
et al.
Hepatitis C virus infection in Cameroon: a cohort-effect
.
J Med Virol
(
2005
),
76
:
208
–14.

36.
Delaporte
E
et al.
Hepatitis C in remote populations of southern Cameroon
.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol
(
1994
),
88
:
97
–8.

37.
Louis
F
et al.
Grandes variations de la prévalence de l’infection par le virus C des hépatites en Afrique centrale
.
Med Trop (Mars)
(
1994
),
54
:
277
–8.

38.
Kowo
M
et al.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus and other blood-borne viruses in Pygmies and neighbouring Bantus in southern Cameroon
.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
(
1995
),
89
:
484
–6.

39.
Nkengasong
J
et al.
A pilot study of the prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies and hepatitis C virus RNA in southern Cameroon
.
Am J Trop Med Hyg
(
1995
),
52
:
98
–100.

40.
Njouom
R
et al.
High rate of hepatitis C virus infection and predominance of genotype 4 among elderly inhabitants of a remote village of the rain forest of South Cameroon
.
J Med Virol
(
2003
),
71
:
219
–25.

41.
Laurent
C
et al.
HIV and hepatitis C virus coinfection, Cameroon
.
Emerg Infect Dis
(
2007
),
13
:
514
–16.

42.
Njouom
R
et al.
The hepatitis C virus epidemic in Cameroon: genetic evidence for rapid transmission between 1920 and 1960
.
Infect Gen Evol
(
2007
),
7
:
361
–7.

43.
Ndong-Atome
G
et al.
High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and predominance of genotype 4 in rural Gabon
.
J Med Virol
(
2008
),
80
:
1581
–7.

44.
Louis
F
et al.
High prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in a Cameroon rural forest area
.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
(
1994
),
88
:
53
–4.

45.
Delaporte
E
et al.
High level of hepatitis C endemicity in Gabon, Equatorial Africa
.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
(
1993
),
87
:
636
–7.

46.
Pepin
J
et al.
Noble goals, unforeseen consequences: the control of tropical diseases in colonial Central Africa and the iatrogenic transmission of blood-borne viruses
.
Trop Med Inter Health
(
2008
),
13
:
744
–53.

47.
Yazdanpanah
Y
et al.
Risk factors for hepatitis C virus transmission to health care workers after occupational exposure: a European case-control study
.
Clin Infect Dis
(
2005
),
41
:
1423
–30.

48.
Jagger
J
et al.
Occupational transmission of Hepatitis C virus
.
JAMA
(
2002
),
288
:
1469
–70.

49.
Apetrei
C
et al.
Potential for HIV transmission through unsafe injections
.
AIDS
(
2006
),
20
:
1074
–6.

50.
Blanchard
M
.
Précis d’épidémiologie. Médecine préventive et hygiène coloniales
.
Paris
:
Vigot
,
1938
.

51.
Levaditi
C
et al.
Les ultravirus des maladies humaines
.
Paris
:
Maloine
,
1948
.

52.
Reynes
V
.
Précis d’épidémiologie et prophylaxie des grandes endémies tropicales
.
Marseilles
:
Éditions M. Leconte
,
1950
.