The Last Stand of Fox Company: A True Story of U.S. Marines in Combat (47 page)

Video and Electronic Sources

"Battle for the Frozen Chosin." War Stories with Oliver North. Fox Network.

"Col. Bill Barber." Radio Interview with Hugh Hewitt, May 25, 2001.

"Korea: Medal of Honor." U.S. News & World Report, 1990.

"Korean War Stories." PBS Home Video, 2001.

Miscellaneous

"A Prayer Vigil on a Hill." Walter Hiskett. The Fox Two Seven Association Newsletter, April, 2007.

"Cold Injury." Jerrod E. Johnson, MD. The Scuttlebutt Newsletter, November, 1998.

"F-2-7 Battles South Korea, 1951." Jack Strong. The Fox Two Seven Association Newsletter, June, 2007.

Historical Reference Branch, U.S. Marine Corps, Quantico, Virginia.

Letter to General C. B. Cates, USMC, from General Oliver P. Smith, USMC, November 15, 1950.

"Night March to Fox Hill." Joesph R. Owen. Marine Corps Association Newsletter, December, 1984.

"Personal Notes Covering Activities of Lt. Gen. E. M. Almond During Military Operations in Korea 31 August 1950-15 July 1951."

Special Action Reports of the 1st Marine Division, November and December, 1950.

"Turkey Shoot at Turkey Hill." Joseph R. Owen. First Battalion Seventh Marines Newsletter, 1970.

INDEX

Abell, Ralph, 290-92, 295, 300,
303, 308
Able Rifle Company, 91, 145, 241,
258,259,269,270,278-80
alcohol, 104. See also whiskey;
specific soldiers
Almond, Edward M., 13, 14, 20,
146, 171, 189, 207, 236
Arioli, Peter, 251-52, 279-81, 286
"army" (Chinese), 47-48
Art of War, The. See Sun-tzu
Ashdale, Thomas G., 74, 76, 160,
165-66
"assembly on the objective," 84
atomic bomb, 56-57, 236
Attlee, Clement, 236
Audas, John D., 303
Ashdale and, 74
background, 107
Barber and, 175, 273
Bonelli and, 107, 113, 175, 182
casualty report, 183
Chinese soldiers and, 112-14, 289
Ernest Gonzalez and, 117, 286
Klein and, 275
McCarthy and, 66-67, 74, 175
orders, 179
wounded, 307

Australian Mustangs, 137, 142-43,
190, 220
"backdoor" scheme, 190-91
Baker Company, 241, 275, 279,
280, 295, 311. See also
Sudong Gorge
Able and, 280
accomplishments, 20
Audas and, 275
Chew-Een Lee and, 253, 256,
259, 270, 311
Fox Company and, 20
How Company and, 269-70
Kurcaba and, 253, 262, 270, 275,
277-78,311
Raymond Davis and, 49, 259,
263,269-70,277-78,
280
Turkey Hill and, 49
Barber, William Edward, 32-34,
36-38,75-76,96,187,
203-4,214,224,235,247,
272-73
after the war, 313
Arioli and, 279
attitudes toward and views of, 32
Audas and, 175, 273

Barber, William Edward,
(continued)
awards and honors, 24, 300, 31214
background and overview, 22-
25,33,47
birthday, 217
Bonelli and, 25, 107, 173, 175
Campbell and, 105, 206, 231,
238, 285
cargo plane, 301
casualties and, 183
Chew-Een Lee and, 279
Chinese POWs and, 125, 14041
Chung and, 75, 140
clothing and, 60, 315
command post, 219
temporary, 83, 96
communications, 78
Corsairs and, 190, 247
death, 313
Eighth Army and, 135
Ezell and, 123-24
family, 22-23, 314, 316
fascination with Korean War, 24
Flying Boxcars and, 202
food and, 60
funeral, 314
Gray Davis and, 25
Groenewald and, 75-76
Hagaru-ri and, 195
headquarters and staff (H&S)
section, 38
"horseshoe," 58
at Iwo Jima, 182-83
John O. Henry and, 39
on killing wounded Chinese
soldiers, 114

Kipp and, 138
Litzenberg and, 78, 123, 149,
187, 188, 190, 209, 235
Lockwood and, 22, 26-29, 31,
34, 68, 149, 184
McCarthy and, 39, 106-7, 114,
136, 174, 312
McClure and, 104-5, 300
military strategies, 29, 33, 114,
123,188-90,195-96,247
O'Leary and, 83, 231
orders, 37, 39, 40, 67, 96, 107,
110, 114, 116, 124, 130,
138,148,160,173-75,
183, 186, 189, 210, 220,
225, 226, 231, 233,
273-75, 285
parka, 315
perimeter inspections, 226, 228,
258
personality and attitudes, 25,
32
Peterson and, 202, 203
physical appearance, 22, 25
Pitts and, 107, 231, 232
Raymond Davis and, 272, 274,
278-80, 286
Reitz and, 197
rifle practice, 117
Schmitt and, 36, 37, 78, 83,
136
speeches of
coming-aboard speech, 25
in Koto-ri, 175
supply planes and, 195-96, 201-2
and trade-off of men for
territory, 182-83
turned over command to Ralph
Abell, 290-91

on world history, 313
wounded, 175, 179, 224, 226,
233,250-51,258,278,286,
290, 313
wounded soldiers and, 290
Wright and, 78, 133, 149, 188,
209-10
Barrow, Robert H., 314
Bavaro, Phil "Cookie," 132, 133,
294
background, 233-35
Barber and, 233
Bledsoe and, 80-81, 112, 132,
167,183-84,232,233,258-
59,271
David Smith and, 112
rescued, 302-3
return to United States, 308
Scully and, 233
shootings, 233
trapped between Chinese and
Jack Page's nest, 112
wounded Chinese soldiers and,
183-84
wounded/injured, 81, 271-72,
290,293-94,308
frostbite and foot problems,
258-59,271-72,293,294,
300, 302, 308
bayoneting sleeping soldiers, 2, 84,
99, 117
bayonets, 83, 89, 164, 213
Bean, Harold H., 144, 145
Belmarez, Eleazar
Barber and, 174
Corsairs spotted by, 134
at Fox Company reunion, 316
Garza and, 174, 181
plan drawn up by, 119-20

Slapinskas and, 119
Wilson and, 118-20
wounded, 166-67, 174, 181,
289, 299, 301, 308
Bendy, Cecil J., 192
Benson, Kenneth R., 87, 106, 116,
123, 140, 163
after the war, 316
background, 52-54
Barber and, 116
"battle of the slit trench," 115,
116
Cafferata and, 52-53, 55, 85, 86,
105,106,115,170,194-95,
281-82
D.J. and, 194-95
Ezell and, 115, 116
Fixico and, 281
Gilling and, 260, 281, 293
Iverson and, 194
Kirchner and, 205-6, 213
Litzenberg and, 55, 205
physical appearance, 53
reputation, 55
sent home, 307
shootings, 105, 106
surrounded, 86-87
weapons and, 170, 205
wounded/blind, 115, 194, 195,
307
Bernard, Richard J., 124, 281,
308
Biao, Lin, 48
"Big Indian," 155, 156
Bledsoe, John, 80-81, 132-33
Barber and, 233
Bavaro and, 80-81, 112, 132,
167,183-84,232,233,258-
59,271

Bledsoe, John (continued)
digging hole, 112, 132
Koone and, 132-33
wounded Chinese soldiers and,
183-84
"Blitzen Litzen." See Litzenberg,
Homer, Jr.
blizzards, 247, 260
Bonelli, Richard A., 9-11, 89, 90,
94-95,112-14,175,182,
225,239,279-80
Audas and, 107, 113, 175,
182
background and overview, 9-12,
44-45, 279
Barber and, 25, 107, 173, 175
"Big Indian" and, 155, 156
clowning, 196-97
cold weather and, 64
daily routine, 196
eating and, 196
evacuation to Japan, 301
Farmer and, 279-80, 283
Fox Company reunion
coordinated by, 316
frostbite, 64
Goldstein and, 43-44, 90
Golembieski and, 43-44, 90,
175
Koone and, 94-95
McCarthy and, 155
mother, 283
motto, 173
Penn and, 156-57, 166
personality, 11, 12
prayer, 225, 279
return to United States, 309
shootings, 175
on staying alive in firefight, 44
on Uijongbu campaign, 66

weapons and, 155, 166, 171,
174, 210
wounded, 280, 283, 298, 309
bonfires, 67
booby traps, 204, 233, 249
Boudousquie, William, 87
Bowser, Alpha, 145, 188, 237
Brady, Joseph J., 96
alcohol use and, 147, 149, 239
background, 147
David Smith and, 149
McClure and, 147, 239
mortar units under the command
of, 38, 78, 83. See also
mortar units
Schmidt and, 149
wounded, 78, 83, 202, 219-20
brandy, 104
breakout column, 284, 285, 295
British Royal Marines, 188
Browning automatic rifles (BARs),
11, 34, 72. See also under
Gonzalez; McClure
Bryan, John C., 88
Bunch, William H., 186
Burke, Harry L., 79, 80, 96, 112,
148, 167, 272
background, 57, 184, 186-87,
240
bazookas and, 57, 184, 18687
on foot care, 57, 132
at Fox Company reunion, 316
injured Chinese and, 131-32,
240, 272
John 0. Henry and, 219
Kipp, Gaines, and, 240
Page and, 184-85
Purple Hearts, 307
sniper and, 239-40

Thornton and, 186, 187
wounded, 307
C-rations, 60, 223
Cafferata, Hector A., 87, 88, 106,
130, 163, 197
background, 52-55, 106
Benson and, 52-53, 55, 85, 86,
105,106,115,170,194-95,
281-82
cargo plane, 301
Ezell and, 130-31
fear, 195
Fixico and, 281
Gilling and, 260, 281-82
honors, 300, 312
Litzenberg and, 55
McCarthy and, 312
McClure and, 300
Medal of Honor, 312, 314
ordered to break D.J.'s arm, 19495
physical appearance, 54
Pomers and, 94, 106, 218
reputation, 55
return to United States, 312
shootings, 86, 88, 105-6, 115,
312
surrounded, 86-87
on watch, 85
wounded, 131, 170, 194, 312
Campbell, Donald, 166, 215, 220,
231, 232
Barber and, 105, 206, 231, 238,
285
called in howitzer barrage from
Hagaru-ri, 163
Page, Holt, and, 238
Peterson and, 206
weapons and, 231, 232, 237-38

Carter, Bobby, 148-49, 196
Cates, Clifton B., 16
Charlie Company, 48-49, 241,
259,269-70,278-80
casualties, 49
illumination shells from, as cry
for help, 74
near annihilation on Turkey Hill,
135
Ray Davis and, 191
"Checkerboard" squadron, 220
Childs, Donald L., 166, 170-71,
219
Chinese Communist Force (CCF),
15,45,46,113-14,225-26.
See also specific topics
bets on when they would come,
205
communication system, 47
disregard for life, 15
divisions, 47-48, 171
Fifty-ninth Division, 47, 76,
140, 284, 285
prison camps, 116, 137. See also
prisoners of war (POWs),
American
tactics, 45-47, 113, 114, 134,
226
view of American soldiers, 47,
263
weapons, 45-46, 130. See also
specific weapons
Chinese corpses, 129-32
Chinese soldiers, 135. See also
Chinese Communist Force;
prisoners of war (POWs),
Chinese
age, 125
morality of killing wounded, 114
Chinese "Tactical Field Forces," 46

Chosin Reservoir, 14, 26-29. See
also specific topics
American outposts stranded at,
235-36
"breakout" from, 207
climate, 27-28
map of, 8
Oliver Smith and, 205
swarmed armies in, 47, 48
Chou En-lai, 15, 52
Christmas, 21
expectation of being home by,
14, 16, 18, 25, 51, 67, 85,
139, 140, 218
Chung, Mr., 140, 241, 295
Churchill, Winston, 42-43
climate, 27-28, 36, 59. See also coldweather warfare; weather
clothing, 31, 60, 112-13, 132
cobalt zones, 57
cold-weather warfare, 59-62, 64,
134, 160-62. See also
climate; frostbite; weather
communication systems, 36-37, 47,
75, 220. See also radio
communication
Congressional Medal of Honor,
300, 311-13
Corsairs, 135, 220-22, 244, 245,
248, 285
Barber and, 190, 247
Bavaro and, 293
Belmarez and, 134
Henry and, 221, 222
Lockwood and, 141
Raymond Davis and, 274
Dana, Charles C., 151, 171
Danford, Richard E., 14-15, 60,
219, 308, 316

Davis, Graydon W., 107-9, 120-
21,202,207,212
background, 41, 107
Barber and, 25
casualties and, 199
food and, 198-99
Gamble and, 206
Griffith and, 108-9
Jensen and, 304-5
Luke Johnson and, 82, 108, 120,
121,157-58,198-201,206,
207,213,227,249-50
Montville and, 249-50
Peach and, 199-200
Peoples and, 199
Peterson and, 200-201
relations with natives, 41-42
Roger Davis and, 199
shootings, 107, 147, 202, 227
snipers and, 147
in snowbank, 300-301
tracers and, 82
weapons and, 202, 227-28, 24950
"Willie Peter" and, 157-58
Davis, Raymond, 241-44, 258,
266-68,274,279,280,282,
284. See also Ridgerunners
Abell and, 291
Arioli and, 251, 279
awards and honors, 311-12, 314
background, 191, 208
Barber and, 272, 274, 278-80,
286
Charlie survivors rescued by,
49
Chew-Een Lee and, 245, 256,
259,260,262-67
Fidel Gomez and, 278
First Rifle Battalion, 268

How Company and, 269-70
inspection, 244
Kurcaba and, 244, 245, 263, 270,
277
leadership, 208
movements, 276
orders, 251, 259, 270
Owen and, 265-67
personality, 208
Peterson and, 202, 295
Puller and, 208
Ridgerunners, 284. See also
Ridgerunners
shot, 270
Turkey Hill and, 191, 209, 242,
243, 257-60
unorthodox recruiting methods,
208, 209
Watson and, 264
Davis, Roger R., 167, 199
"deep dip," 48, 141
dig-ins, 37-38, 49, 60, 62, 64, 84.
See also dugouts
D.J., Sergeant, 194-95
Dog Company, 1, 4
Duffy, Bob, 304, 316
dugouts, 71. See also dig ins
Dunne, John M., 96-97, 172, 272,
291, 304. See also First Rifle
Platoon
Barber and, 183, 184
Bavaro and, 184
death, 307
only officer to survive Fox Hill
unscathed, 307
Peterson and, 295
sniper and, 149
wounded, 307
Dytkiewicz, Alvin T., 140, 153-54,
163, 164, 219

Eighth Army, 13, 14, 135, 142,
207, 236
Eleventh Regiment (artillery), 14,
19, 189, 203, 241, 242
Elrod, Judd W., 116, 124
Englehardt, Floyd, 197
Ezell, Robert "Zeke," 58-59, 97,
115-16,154,163-64
Australian Mustangs and, 143
background, 57-59, 198
Barber and, 123-24
Belmarez and, 299
Bendy and, 192
Benson and, 1 l5, 116
Bernard and, 124, 125, 281
Cafferata and, 130-31
and the Chinese, 150
Elrod and, 124
evacuation to Japan, 301
at Fox Company reunion, 316
foxhole, 115
Freddy Gonzales and, 125
Goldstein and, 191-92
Goodrich and, 139
injured/wounded, 289, 298-99,
309
frostbite, 191
Komorowski and, 180
machine-gun crew, 130, 143
Mason and, 277, 278
paralyzed Marine and, 192-93
Parker and, 139
physical appearance, 57, 58
return to light machine-gun
emplacement, 123-24
return to United States, 309-10
shootings, 124, 163-64
Tallbull and, 139-40
Triggs and, 140, 180
wounded, 164, 180