The Human Age (43 page)

Bush, George W., 315

butterflies, 133, 166

Bygren, Lars Olov, 277–80

Byström, Joakim, 99

cadmium, 271

Café Trussardi, 82

California, 77, 117, 132

Callahan, Gerald N., 263

“Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness in Non-Human Animals, The,” 216

camels, 140

in war, 144, 145–46

Canada, 40, 43, 88, 124, 132, 266

Canada geese, 13, 135, 153, 194

Canadian rose, 39

Canadian War Museum, 82

cancer, 271, 316

cane beetles, 139

cane toads, 139

canning, 318

canola rapeseed, 153

Cape Town, South Africa, 78

carbon blade legs, 13

Carbon Capture Storage, 54

carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide levels, 34, 53

and acidification of oceans, 66

kelp’s ingestion of, 64

methods for pulling from air, 54

recent rise in, 36

Swedish lowering of, 99

urban gardens and, 74, 80

Carpenter, Rollo, 227

carpets, 87

cars, 87, 171, 191

cartilage, 244, 251

Case, Amber, 262

cats, 140, 146, 298

parasites of, 296–97

cattle, 194–95

Center for Nano Science and Technology, 183

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 298

Central Park, 78

Central Station, 96, 101

cerebral palsy, 253

Cerf, Vent, 202–4

Chamonix, France, 314

chatbots, 226–31

cheetahs, 132

chemputer, 237

Cher Ami (pigeon), 144–45

cherry tomatoes, 90

Chicago, Ill., 77, 78, 117

Chicago Botanic Gardens, 82

chicken coops, 88

childhood mortality, 13

Chile, 46, 99, 175

chimeras, 251, 262, 264–68

chimpanzees, 148, 216

China, 46, 88, 102, 124, 235

solar power in, 107

urban population of, 72

Chincoteague, 137–38

chipmunks, 126

chives, 90

chlorophyll, 53

chloroplasts, 291

Church, George, 151–52

cicadas, 41, 173–75

cilantro, 90

cingulate, 178

cities, 11, 13, 71–72

enviromental impact of, 72–73

growth of, 18–19, 72

limited species in, 113–14

nature vs., 112–17

population of, 72

as seen from space, 16–17, 18, 19

sky parks in, 77–78

City Hall, Chicago, 83

city parks, 83

clams, 57

Clarke, Ann, 157–67

Clarke, Bryan, 156–67

Cleverbot, 227–28

cliff swallows, 115–16

close work, 192

Clostridium difficile
, 301–2

clouds, 12

coal, 21, 106

Coan, James, 178

cocaine, 298

cochlear implants, 253

cockatoos, 202

cod, 59–60

Cold War, 146

Collins, Francis, 289

colon disease, 302

Colorado, 40

compassion, 176

computers, 13, 87, 175, 187, 194, 197, 203, 211, 220, 222, 224, 226, 230, 256, 261, 270

condors, 132

consciousness, 200, 216, 217, 219, 228–29

cooking, 190

Copenhagen, 78

copper, 21

coral bells, 80–81

cordite, 153

corn, 71, 153

corncrakes, 133, 137

Cornell University, 209–25

corpus callosum, 177

cosmos, 125

cottontails, 129

cougars, 117

Council House 2 building, 94

courtly love, 190

cows, 71

coyotes, 117, 118

crabs, 138

“cradle to cradle,” 87

cranes, 124

Creative Machines Lab, 218, 223–24

creativity, 196

Crick, Francis, 274

crickets, 173–74

Cronin, Lee, 237

crops, 71

Crutzen, Paul, 9, 313

cucumbers, 89

cuneiform, 235

Curitiba, Brazil, 107

cyborg anthropology, 262

cyborg dragonflies, 146–47

cyborgs, 146–47, 251, 260, 262–63

daffodils, 125

Dakar, Senegal, 314

dandelions, 132

Dantuluri, Phani, 261

dark energy, 172

dark matter, 172

Darwin, Charles, 156, 268, 276

Dayak people, 107

day lilies, 125

deception, 219

Decker Yeadon, 92

deer, 133

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), 146–47, 209, 225, 236, 256, 258–59

dengue fever, 302

Denmark, 101

depression, 196

Desertec, 106

diabetes, 301

diamondbacks, 118–19

dianthus, 125

Dietikon, Switzerland, 82

digoxin, 302

dinosaurs, 31, 154

Djairam, Dhiradj, 104, 105

DNA, 160, 263, 274–75, 278–79, 281, 282, 287

of extinct species, 151–52, 153–54, 160–63, 166–67

dodos, 163

dog roses, 132

dogs, 140, 144, 145–46, 147, 148, 149

dolphins, 147, 202, 204, 216

domestic animals, 11, 71, 140

Dominoni, Davide, 114

dopamine, 298

Dourada, Fazenda, 123

droughts, 41, 46

Duckworth, Tammy, 259, 260

dung beetles, 164

Dust Bowl, 41

Dutch Hunger Winter, 283

ears, 245–46

Earth:

as seen from air, 20–21

as seen from space, 16–18, 19, 305

Earthmasters: The Dawn of the Age of Climate Engineering
(Hamilton), 314

Eastgate Centre, 92, 93–94

echolocation, 147

École Polytechnique de Montréal, 181

eczema, 301

Edison, Thomas, 191, 306

Edmonton Airport, 83

education, 286

Edwards, Andres, 88

Eggerthella lenta
, 302

Eggleson, Kathleen, 183–84

eggs, 160–61, 279

Eisenberger, Naomi, 177

electricity, 76, 78, 91, 97, 99, 100–103, 104, 184–87, 191, 213

electronic campfires, 193

elements, 34–35

elephants, 202, 217

underpass for, 124

in war, 144, 145–46

Ellis, Erle, 126

Eloxochitl, 112

emotions, 214, 222–23

empathy, 190, 219, 228

Energy Department, U.S., 64

England, 132

English ivy, 132

EnsnAired, 98

Environmental Protection Agency, U.S., 86–87

epigenetics, 279–86

Estonia, 77

eucalyptus, 132

Eureqa machine, 219–20, 221

European badgers, 124

Eve (robot), 221

Everglades, 129, 130, 133, 315

evolution, 208, 211, 219, 224, 251, 276–77, 279

microbes’ effects on, 292–93

extinction, 12

of birds, 139

of Miami blue butterfly, 131

orangutans and, 27–28

of
Partula
, 156–59

of plants, 315

and resurrection of species, 151–52, 153–54, 161–63, 208

of trilobites, 29, 30

extinctions, great, 60, 154, 305

eyeglasses, 171

factories, 71

false indigoes, 125

famine, 276, 277, 285, 286

Fantastic Voyage
, 181

farming fish, 60

Faroe Islands, 78

farsightedness, 192

fecal transplants, 302

Ferrer, Miguel, 136

ferrets, 132

fertilizers, 36, 64

fiber optics, 97

field mice, 134

fighting, 190

finches, 156

Finger Lakes, 31, 131

fire ants, 132

fireflies, 181

fishermen, 56–60

fleecy electricity, 35

Flegr, Jaroslav, 297

floods, 41

Florida, 117, 131

Florida rosy wolfsnail, 157

flounder, 65

food, 7

Forbes
, 235

Forbidden City, 235

Ford Motor Company, 87–88

forests, 54

fossil fuels, 10, 34, 51, 307

fossils, 9, 29–30, 31, 32, 33–34, 35, 36, 43, 57

Fountainhead, The
(Rand), 59

foxes, 129, 133, 134

foxgloves, 125

France, 72, 124, 296, 298

Frankenstein
(Shelley), 212–13

Franklin, Rosalind, 274

Fraser, Bill, 135

frogs, 80, 125, 131, 132

Frozen Ark, 155, 160, 163–64

frozen food, 317

fruit flies, 293–95

fungi, 289-90, 300

G8 Summit, 315

Gabriel, Peter, 201–3

Galileo Galilei, 220

Galveston, Tex., 50

Gambia, 131

gardening, hydroponic, 83

gardens, 38–39

urban, 74

vertical, 79–85

Gardens by the Bay, 78

gas, 106

Gaudi, Antoni, 236

geckos, 180

genetic mutations, 277

Genghis Khan, 272–73, 274

geoengineering, 53–54

geographic change, 11

Geological Society of London, 9

Geological Survey, U.S., 299

geothermal warmth, 95

Germany, 72, 78, 83, 101, 124, 132, 298

solar panels in, 106–7

Gershenfeld, Neil, 202–3

gestures, 26–27

giraffes, 276

global consciousness, 18

global warming, 11, 38–42, 154, 307–8

agriculture and, 56

in Bangladesh, 51–53

and development of seas, 64–65

evidence of, 108

extreme weather and, 36–43, 314

fishermen and, 56–57

gardens affected by, 38–39

habitats rearranged by, 133–40

human rights and, 48

glowworms, 144

glucocorticoids, 283

golden eagles, 132

Golden Lion Tamarin Conservation Program, 123

golden toads, 162

Golding, William, 162

Google, 192, 210

Google Glass, 260–61

gophers, 115

gorgonian, 38

grains, 71

Grand Canyon, 126

granite, 58–59

GraphExeter, 184–85, 317

grasshoppers, 173–74

Grassy Key, 131

great apes, 202

great auks, 151

Great Depression, 108

Greece, 124

Green Apple concept car, 103

Green Belt Corridor, 124

greenhouses, 90

Greenland, 42

green mussels, 131

Green over Grey, 83

growing season, 42

Guam, 139, 157

Guam rail, 139

Guatemala, 88

Gulag Archipelago
(Solzhenitsyn), 218

Gurdon, John, 150, 160

Gut Erlasee Solar Park, 106–7

Guthrie, Barton, 261

habitat loss, 154

Haiyan, Typhoon, 46

Hamilton, Clive, 314

Hansen, James, 314

Hansmeyer, Michael, 236

Harvard University, 235

Hastings, Battle of, 190

heart, 150, 239, 248, 249, 250–51, 281

heat, 41

heaters, 87

heat recycling, 95–108

Helm, Barbara, 114

Henri, Pascal, 84

herbs, 89

Hernandez, Isaias, 264–65

herons, 193–94

Heuchera
plants, 80–81

High Line, 77

Hitler, Adolf, 273

hockey, 40

Holocene, 9

Homer, 262

Honda, 236

Hong Sun Hye, 102

horse chestnut trees, 153

Horse Island, 58

horses, 137–38, 140, 145–46

hostas, 125

Hudson River, 54–55

hulls, 91

human genome, 13

Human Genome Project, 270, 274, 282, 285, 289, 300

Human Microbiome Project, 289

human rights, global warming and, 48

humans:

as eusocial, 288

geographic expansion of, 10

geography changed by, 11

history of, 71

orangutan genes shared by, 3

population growth of, 10

technological changes to bodies of, 13

tools used by, 7, 9

humans, environmental effects of:

climate change,
see
global warming

and possibility of nuclear winter, 8–9

hummingbirds, 126

hunter-gatherers, 71

Huntington’s disease, 271

Hurricane Irene, 57

Hurricane Katrina, 46

hurricanes, 31, 41, 43, 55

Hurricane Sandy,
see
Sandy, Hurricane

hybrid cars, 100

Hyde Park, 142

hydroelectronic power, 100, 107

hydroponic gardening, 83, 89, 90

Icarus, 224

icebergs, 195–96, 197

Iceland, 77

ice packs, 41–42

iCub, 218–19

iGlasses, 261

igloos, 86

iguanas, 131

Ike Dike, 50

Iliad
(Homer), 262

India, 88, 107, 132, 175

Indian mongoose, 132

Indonesia, 132, 313

induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS), 150–51, 160–63

industrial farming, 60

Industrial Revolution, 34, 106, 185–86, 232, 235, 267

Inheritors, The
(Golding), 162

insects, 166

insulin pumps, 253

intelligence of plants, 205–7

International Union for Conservation of Nature, 313

Internet, 199–200, 235

Inuit, 86

invasive species, 132, 154

Iran, 147

Iraq War, 258

Ireland, 132

Irene, Hurricane, 57

irises, 125

iron fertilization, 53

Island of Dr. Moreau, The
(Wells), 267–68

Israel, 76

Istanbul, Turkey, 78

Italy, 88, 107

Ithaa Restaurant, 76

Ivanpah, 106

Ivins, Molly, 206

Jaguar Corridor, 123

Jamaica Bay, 119

Jamaican fruit bats, 131

Japan, 88

industrial tourism in, 23

Japan beetles, 295

Japanese honeysuckle, 132

Jarrell, Randall, 45

jellyfish, 65, 181

Jernhusen, 96–97, 98

Jerusalem, 77

Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 220

Jim River, Alaska, 40

Johansson, Klas, 96–97

Johns Hopkins University, 244

Jordan, Terry, 31–32

Jungle Waterfalls, 83

Kahn, Peter H., 196

Kalmar, Sweden, 99–100

kangaroo, 296

Kanzi (bonobo), 202

Katrina, Hurricane, 46