The Gay Metropolis (77 page)

Michael's Thing
,
241

Michener, James A.,
338
–39

Midler, Bette,
248

Midnight Cowboy
(film),
209
n

military, U.S., xvi

WWII discrimination policy against homosexuals,
27
–29,
47
–50

in WWII,
27
–38,
46
–50

gay relations in wartime,
32
–37

drag shows in,
37
–38

dishonorable discharges for gays,
48
–49

detecting gays in,
49

studies on gays' performance in,
49
–50

gays organize Veterans Benevolent Association,
51
–52

postwar GI benefits,
65

battle to lift ban on gays in,
333
,
334
–39

integration of,
335
–36

attempt to discharge the HIV infected,
337

Milk, Harvey,
288

Miller, Bill,
10
–11,
12

Miller, Merle,
226
–28,
229
,
235

Miller, Neil,
76

Mindel, Lee,
303

Mindlin, Mike,
184

Mineshaft (bar),
245
–46,
294

Minnelli, Liza,
196
,
210
,
211
,
259

Mitchell-Bateman, Mildred,
239
n

Mixner, David,
330
,
331

Modlin, Herbert,
238

Moore, Bob,
186
,
187

Moral Majority,
273
,
309

Morgan, Harry,
160

Morris, Willie,
xi
n,
223
,
228

Mortimer, Lee,
79
,
83

Motion Picture Association of America,
144
,
155

Mount Morris Baths,
41

Mountain, Christopher,
318

Muppets,
311

murder victims, gays as,
84

in the eighties,
275

Murray, Pauli,
84

music: of the sixties,
136
,
152

musical comedy,
89
–94

musicians, gay,
17

Music Man, The
(Broadway musical),
94

Naming Names
(Navasky),
72

National AIDS Research Foundation,
296

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People,
19
,
335

National Gay and Lesbian Task Force,
206
,
332

National Gay Task Force,
206
,
239
,
261
–62,
270

founding of,
261
–62

National Institute of Mental Health,
123
–24

National Institutes of Health: and AIDS,
285

National Lesbian and Gay Journalists Association,
331

National News Council,
272

National Review
,
336
–37

Navasky, Victor,
72

Navy, U.S..
See
military, U.S. Nazi Germany, xv,
25
,
42
–43,
211

NBC,
270
–71

Nestle, Joan,
86

New Jersey State Supreme Court of,
145
–46

Newman, Paul,
135

New Orleans States Item
(newspaper),
286

New Republic, The
,
148

newspaper handling of homosexual topics:
See also individual papers;

in the forties,
19
,
22
–25

in the fifties,
82
–83

New York Times
front page feature,
156
–60

backlash against gay militancy in the seventies,
222
–28

Merle Miller's feature in New
York Times Magazine
,
226
–29

AIDS epidemic,
279
–81,
286
–87,
307
–9

newspapers, gay.
See
gay magazines

Newsweek
,
19
,
165
–66

on gay servicemen (1947),
50

Newton, Jeremiah,
199

New Verdi (bar),
121

New York City Ballet,
42

New York Civil Liberties Union,
252

New Yorker, The
,
213
,
342

New York Native
,
292
–93,
308
,
310

New York Post
,
286

New York State Liquor Authority,
19

New York State Theater,
44

New York Stock Exchange: ACT UP at,
322

New York Times:
coverage of homosexuality in the forties,
19
,
21
,
22
–25,
56
,
60

in the fifties,
67
,
72
,
82

in the sixties,
141
,
144
,
154

endorses repeal of antihomosexual acts laws,
143

front-page feature on homosexuality,
156
–60,
225

on gays in the arts,
165

discrimination against gay staff by,
175
–80

in the seventies,
212
,
217
,
225
–29,
250
,
251
–52

features “Gay–In” (1970),
216

under A. M. Rosenthal,
225
–29

daily versus Sunday sections,
226

editorial page of,
226

in the eighties,
272
,
275
,
276
–77,
286
–87

coverage of AIDS,
279
–81,
286
–87,
307

under Sulzberger and Frankel,
286
–87

on GMHC,
299
–300

in the nineties,
330
,
331
,
336
,
337
–38,
343

New York Times/CBS poll: on attitudes toward gays,
333

New York Times Magazine
,
225
,
226
–29

on AIDS epidemic,
308
–9

Nichols, Jack,
138
,
139
,
141
–42,
151
,
159
,
162
–63,
164
,
190
,
198
,
201
,
202
,
210
,
215
,
240

Nicholson, Joe,
318

nineties, the,
329
–47

election of Clinton,
330
–34

battle over gays in the military,
334
–39

corporate exploitation of gay market,
339
–40

gay marriage,
340
–43,
345
–47

advances against AIDS,
343
–44

Romer
v.
Evans
victory,
344
–45

Ninth Cirde (bar),
240
–42,
244

Nixon, Richard,
141
,
148
,
149
n

North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO),
148

Northrop, Ann,
321
,
323

Northwest Airlines,
322

novels and novelists, gay: in the forties,
7
,
44
,
52
,
58
–62

in the fifties,
73
,
125

Violet Quill association,
284

Nunn, Sam,
334

Nureyev, Rudolf
120
,
311

Nyro, Laura,
196

Oakes, John B.,
226

Oak Room, Plaza Hotel,
14
,
40

obscenity: views on, in the fifties,
66
–67

O'Connor, John, Cardinal,
109
,
317
,
323
,
324

O'Donnell, John,
74

Offen, Hal,
220
,
260

O'Flaherty, Terrence,
271

O'Hara, Frank,
89
,
97
,
106
,
107

Old Colony (bar),
13
,
107
,
121

O'Leary, Jean,
262

One
(magazine),
100
–101,
139

Ono, Yoko,
274

On the Road
(Kerouac),
100

Ottinger, Richard,
217

Out
(magazine),
339

Overholser, Winfred,
28
–29

Owles, Jim,
260
–61

Paley, Babe,
172

Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays,
262
–63,
330

Partisan Review
,
98

Parton, Dolly,
254

Paul, Maury,
9
–10

Paul, Dr. William,
343

Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison,
342

Pearson, Drew,
74
,
75
,
275
–76

Perfect Enemies
(Bull and Gallagher),
334
n,
336

Perkins, Tony,
195
,
246

Perot, Ross,
331

Perry, Rev. Troy D.,
143

PERSEREC report,
50

Peters, William,
160

Petrelis, Michael,
323

Phelps, Johnnie,
46
–47

Philadelphia: gay pickets at Independence Hall,
142

Phillips, Kevin,
333

Picano, Felice,
284

Pietrangelon, Lee,
275

Pillow Talk
(film),
97

Pine, Seymour,
199

Plato's Retreat (club/bath),
248

Plessy
v.
Ferguson
,
344
,
346

Poersch, Enno,
297
–98

Poison Tree, The
(Clemons),
115

Polak, Clark,
207
–8

police harassment: in the forties,
13

in the fifties,
70
–71,
79
,
82
–84,
111
,
122

in the sixties,
145
–46

and Stonewall riot,
198
–202

in the seventies,
242

political activism, gay:
See also
gay militancy

in the seventies,
206
,
212
,
213
,
214
–17,
261
–65

backlash against,
222
–28

Stoddard and,
248
–53

in the eighties,
271
–72,
273

in San Francisco, CBS report on,
271
–72

AIDS and,
284
,
329

Kramer and,
290
–91

ACT UP and,
320
–25,
329

and election of Clinton,
330
–31,
333
–34

and gays in the military,
334
–36

and
Romer v. Evans
ruling,
344
–47

Pollack, Sydney,
168

Pomeroy, Wardell B.,
53
,
143

Pop Art,
168
,
168
n

Popham, Paul,
299
,
325

pornography, gay,
229

Posthorn, Stanley,
30
–31,
32
–33,
36
–37,
48
–49,
102
,
176

Powell, Colin,
334
,
335
–36

Powell, Justice Lewis,
319
,
320

Power, Tyrone,
192
–93

Powers, Richard Gid,
70

Powers, Thomas,
137
,
144

pregnancy: on TV in the fifties,
67

prejudice against gays:
See also under
discrimination; harassment; in the forties,
13
–14,
24
–25

by WWII military,
27
–29,
47
–50

Kinsey study and,
53
–58

voiced by
New York Times
,
157
–59

in CBS reports,
160
–71,
271
–72

in newspapers,
175
–80

by conservatives and religious right,
272
,
273
,
275
–77,
329
,
331
–37

Prescott, Orville,
60

Presley, Elvis,
135
,
151
,
151
n,
259

PRIDE (Personal Rights in Defense and Education),
171

Prince, Harold,
92
,
94

promiscuity:
See also
sexual revolution; in the seventies,
209
,
240
–48,
261

and AIDS,
282
,
282
n,
289
,
290
–92,
296
–97,
300

protease inhibitors,
343

Provincetown (Mass.),
44

psychiatrists on homosexuality, xv,
23
–24,
102

and WWII army policy,
28
–30,
48
–50

response to Kinsey Report,
56
–58

and government persecution of the fifties,
79

response to Hooker's report, in the sixties,
139
–40,
141
–42,
158
–59,
161
,
162
,
163
–64,
171