The Body Economic (41 page)

Norway,
xiv
,
xix

Obama, Barack,
4

Obama, Barack, administrations (2009/2012)

     
economy,
128

     
safety net, commitment to,
19
,
98
,
103
,
130–131
,
133

     
stimulus path,
xiii
,
xix
,
126
,
142

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD),
71–72

Osborne, George,
132

Papandreou, George,
82
,
83
,
87–88

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA),
98–99
,
103

Pearl, Raymond,
8

Poland, post-Soviet era,
28
,
33

Poverty rates

     
austerity impact on,
43
,
46
,
47

     
gradual vs. rapid privatization,
22–23
,
32–33

     
Great Depression,
7
,
9

     
social welfare spending and,
46

Prohibition,
12–13
,
14

Public health

     
austerity cuts to,
78
,
85–89
,
91–92
,
107

     
economics of,
x–xi

     
New New Deal program proposal,
144–145

     
policy effect on,
xii–xiii

     
social welfare spending and,
xiv
,
xix

     
underlying factors,
139–140

Public Works Administration,
15

Rapid privatization policy

     
corruption and,
27–28
,
33–34

     
debate over,
30–31

     
economic impacts,
32–35
,
37

     
former Soviet Union (FSU) countries,
32–36

     
health impacts,
21
,
23–27
,
28–29
,
35–40
,
118

     
social impacts,
33–34

     
US aid supporting,
31

Reagan, Ronald,
44

Recessions

     
health improvements and,
xiii–xiv
,
xviii–xx
,
51
,
70

     
underlying factors,
6
,
43
,
59–61
,
73
,
79–81

Reisen, William,
125

Rojanapithayakorn, Wiwat,
48–49

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano,
x
,
4
,
13
,
14–16
,
53
,
141

Rose, Geoffrey,
113

Russia, Soviet era,
21–22
,
23
,
27–28

Russia, transition to capitalism (1990)

     
gradual transition proponents,
31

     
happiness during,
59

     
rapid privatization

          
corruption and,
27–28
,
33–34

          
debate over,
30–31

          
economic impacts,
22–23
,
32–35

          
health impacts,
21
,
23–27
,
35–40
,
118

          
US aid supporting,
31

     
Shock Therapy policy, effects of,
29–32

Rutskoy, Alexander,
32

Sachs, Jeffrey,
29
,
30
,
34
,
37

San Francisco, CA,
129–130
,
131

Schwarzenegger, Arnold,
125

Share Our Wealth movement,
16–17

Shleifer, Andrei,
29

Shock Therapy policy, effects of,
29–32
,
35

Slovenia post-Soviet era,
28

Social impacts

     
of homelessness,
129–130
,
134

     
of rapid privatization,
27–28
,
33–34

Social impacts of austerity

     
corruption,
85

     
democracy, suspension of,
78
,
83
,
87–88

     
homelessness,
78
,
126–127
,
132–134
,
135

     
homicide rates,
xiv
,
78

     
on national solidarity,
72–73
,
94

     
personal stories,
xvii–xviii
,
3–4
,
94

     
protests against,
63
,
88

     
public debate,
54–65

     
public protests,
xvii–xviii
,
44
,
47
,
53
,
62
,
78
,
82–83
,
88
,
91–92
,
94
,
142

     
wealth gap,
62–63
,
73

     
xenophobia,
62
,
89
,
94

Social Security Act,
15

Social welfare spending

     
economic impacts,
xx–xxi,
46
,
52
,
71–75

     
health impacts,
xiv
,
xix
,
15–18
,
48–51
,
114
,
115–116
,
118
,
119
,
121

     
homelessness and,
130–131
,
135

     
infectious disease controls with,
17
,
50–51
,
53

     
unemployment and,
115–116
,
144

Soros, George,
43

South Korea,
45
,
46
,
51
,
52

Spain,
72
,
107–108
,
112–113
,
116
,
121
,
135

Sprenger, Marc,
90

Stalin, Joseph,
21
,
22

Stiglitz, Joseph,
31
,
37
,
52
,
65

Stimulus programs.
See also
New Deal

     
economic impacts,
46
,
52
,
140–142

     
foreclosure crisis (US),
126
,
128–131

     
Great Recession experiment in,
ix–x

     
infectious disease controls with,
50–51
,
53

Suharto,
44

Suicide rates.
See also
mental health

     
austerity impacts on,
xvii–xviii
,
xix
,
46
,
86
,
88
,
109–110
,
119–121

     
foreclosure crisis and,
129

     
Great Depression,
7
,
10–11

     
Great Recession,
xix
,
12
,
110–111
,
112

     
rapid privatization and,
36

     
social welfare spending and,
17–18
,
68
,
116–119

     
unemployment and,
109–110
,
111
,
116–121

Summers, Lawrence,
29
,
30

Sutiyoso,
47

Sweden,
xix
,
111
,
114–118
,
121

Sydenstricker, Edgar,
7

Synodinos, Dimitrios,
91

Syrigos, Kostas,
83

Thailand, austerity program in,
41–42
,
46–50

Thatcher, Margaret,
30
,
44

Thomas, Norman,
15

Traffic deaths,
11–12
,
34

Tray, Dennis de,
43

Tsolakoglou, Georgios,
xviii

Unemployment

     
alcohol and illegal drug use,
xvii
,
27–28
,
87

     
ALMP programs and,
115–116
,
144

     
austerity policy and,
81
,
87
,
120

     
depression and,
112–114
,
115

     
gradual vs. rapid privatization,
22
,
32–33

     
Great Depression,
7
,
9

     
health improvements and,
8

     
New New Deal program proposal,
143–144

     
personal impact, stories of,
xvii

     
suicide and,
109–110
,
111
,
116–121

United Auto Workers Union,
15

United Kingdom

     
healthcare access

          
economic benefits of,
104–105

          
moral question of,
108

     
healthcare spending,
105

     
Iceland relations,
60–61
,
69
,
74

     
social welfare spending

          
post-WW II,
104–105
,
141–142

          
pre-recession,
116

United Kingdom recession, austerity response

     
economic impact,
xii–xiii
,
xx
,
5–6
,
73
,
120
,
133–134

     
health impacts,
xix
,
3–4
,
12
,
106–107
,
112–113
,
119–121
,
134

     
housing crisis,
131–132

     
NHS reforms,
99
,
106–107
,
142

     
personal stories,
3–4

     
privatization,
99
,
106–107

     
social impacts,
126–127
,
132–134

United States.
See also
Great Recession
(US, 2007–2009)

     
healthcare,
99–105

     
rapid privatization policy supported,
31

     
unemployment policy, pre-recession,
116

UN World Happiness Report,
69–70