The Bill of the Century: The Epic Battle for the Civil Rights Act (61 page)

 
    
68
New York Times
, April 29, 1964, 1; Mann,
Walls of Jericho
, 231.

 
    
69
Mann, ibid.

 
    
70
New Republic
, May 2, 1964, 9–11.

 
    
71
Horn log, May 5, 1965.

 
    
72
Loevy,
Civil Rights Act
, 110–11, 120.

 
    
73
Valeo,
Mike Mansfield
, 123–24; Katzenbach,
Some of It
, 141.

 
    
74
Loevy,
Civil Rights Act
, 110; notes from April 30 9:30 meeting, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
75
Press release, May 6, 1964, box 578, Walter P. Reuther Papers, Wayne State University Archives;
Presidential Recordings: Lyndon B. Johnson: Toward the Great Society, February 1, 1964–May 31, 1964
, 2007b, 419;
Baltimore Afro-American
, May 16, 1964, 13.

 
    
76
Michael Rogin, “Politics, Emotion, and the Wallace Vote,”
British Journal of Sociology
, vol. 20, no. 1, March 1969, 27–49;
Nation
, May 4, 1964, 451.

 
    
77
Kotz,
Judgment Days
, 145; memo from Stewart L. Udall to the president, May 7, 1964, box 1, Legislative Background, Lyndon B. Johnson Library; memo from Mike Manatos to Larry O’Brien, May 11, 1964, box 6, Manatos Office Files, Lyndon B. Johnson Library.

 
    
78
Wall Street Journal
, May 7, 1964, 2.

 
    
79
“Notes on the Civil Rights Bill Dictated May 6, 1964” and “May 6 9:30 Meeting,” both by Raymond Wolfinger, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
80
Notes for May 11, 1964, by Raymond Wolfinger, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
81
Notes for May 11, 1964, by Raymond Wolfinger, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library; Horn log, May 7, 10:45.

 
    
82
Charles Ferris interview with Raymond Wolfinger, September 24, 1965, box 22, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
83
Presidential Recordings: Lyndon B. Johnson: Toward the Great Society, February 1, 1964–May 31, 1964
, 2007b, 594–95;
Time
, May 22, 1964, 23.

 
    
84
“Notes on the Civil Rights Bill,” May 13, 1964, by Raymond Wolfinger, box 15, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
85
Ibid.;
New York Times
, May 14, 1964, A1.

 
    
86
New York Times
, May 14, 1964, 1.

 
    
87
“Notes on the Civil Rights Bill,” May 13, 1964, by Raymond Wolfinger, box 15, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
88
“Notes on the Civil Rights Bill,” May 19, 1964, by Raymond Wolfinger, box 15, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library; minutes of the Senate Democratic Conference, May 19, 1964, U.S. Senate Historical Office;
New York Times
, May 19, 1964, 1.

 
    
89
Minutes of the Senate Republican Conference, May 19, 1964, U.S. Senate Historical Office;
New York Times
, May 19, 1964, 1.

 
    
90
New York Times
, ibid.

 
    
91
Chen,
Fifth Freedom
, 185–86; Herbert Liebenson interview with Raymond Wolfinger, July 29, 1965, box 22, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
92
Moreno,
From Direct Action
, 154.

 
    
93
Letter from Walter Carey, May 12, 1964, box 17, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library; Chen,
Fifth Freedom
, 185–86.

 
    
94
Graham,
Civil Rights and the Presidency
, 78; Whalen and Whalen,
Longest Debate
, 186; May 21, 1964, 11:30
a.m.
presession meeting notes by Raymond Wolfinger, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
95
Los Angeles Times
, May 20, 1964, A5;
New York Times
, May 20, 1964, 1.

 
    
96
Washington Post
, May 21, 1964, A8; Loevy,
Civil Rights Act
, 285;
New York Times
, May 25, 1964, 1; Wilkins and Mathews,
Standing Fast
, 301.

 
    
97
“Ray’s Running Journal,” May 25, 1964, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
98
Baltimore
Sun
, May 27, 1964, 1;
Congressional Record
, 88th Congress, 2nd Session, 1964, 110, pt. 9:11917–43.

 
    
99
Baltimore
Sun
, ibid.

 
    
100
Washington Post
, May 28, 1964, 1.

 
    
101
Atlanta Daily World
, June 3, 1964, 1.

 
    
102
“Notes on June 2,” by Raymond Wolfinger, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
103
New York Times
, June 6, 1964, 1.

 
    
104
Chicago Tribune
, June 6, 1964, 3.

Chapter 8: Breaking the Filibuster

 
    
1
Washington Post
, June 7, 1964, 1; Humphrey, “Memorandum,’’ 91.

 
    
2
Washington Post
, ibid.

 
    
3
Ibid.

 
    
4
Washington Post
, June 8, 1964, 1.

 
    
5
Atlanta Daily World
, June 10, 1964, 1; notes from June 9, 1964, by John Stewart, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
6
“Final Dictated Thoughts on the Civil Rights Debate,” by Raymond Wolfinger. June 11, 1964, box 15, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
7
Chicago Tribune
, June 11, 1964, 1;
Congressional Record
, 88th Congress, 2nd Session, 1964, 110, pt. 10:13125–219; “Memorandum Dictated Shortly After Cloture,” by Hubert Humphrey, n.d., box 15, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
8
Loevy,
To End All Segregation
, 278; Baltimore
Sun
, June 11, 1964, 1.

 
    
9
http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Key_Pittman_Barely_Elected.htm, accessed July 11, 2013; Jack Biedler interview with Raymond Wolfinger, n.d., box 22, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
10
Thurber,
Politics of Equality
, 144; Humphrey, “Memorandum,” 91.

 
    
11
Woods,
Fulbright
, 330–31.

 
    
12
Washington Post
, June 11, 1964, B5;
Chicago Tribune
, June 11, 1964, 1.

 
    
13
Baltimore
Sun
, June 11, 1964, 1;
Congressional Record
, 88th Congress, 2nd Session, 1964, 110, pt. 10:12855–68.

 
    
14
Ibid.

 
    
15
“Civil Rights Speech,” June 10, 1964, Civil Rights 1963–1965, Everett M. Dirksen Papers, Dirksen Congressional Center;
New York Times
, June 11, 1964, A1.

 
    
16
Congressional Reco
rd, 88th Congress, 2nd Session, 1964, 110, 87, 10:12853–64.

 
    
17
Ibid.

 
    
18
Mudd,
Place to Be
, 155.

 
    
19
Baltimore
Sun
, June 11, 1964, 1.

 
    
20
Thompson II, ‘‘The Civil Rights Act of 1964,’’ 681–91.

 
    
21
John J. Synon interview with Raymond Wolfinger, September 7, 1965, box 22, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
22
Thurber,
Politics of Equality
, 144.

 
    
23
Kotz,
Judgment Days
, 151.

 
    
24
Larry O’Brien interview with Michael Gillette, February 12, 1986, Lyndon B. Johnson Library.

 
    
25
Bipartisan Civil Rights Newsletter, June 11, 1964, box 32, series 18, Mike Mansfield Papers, University of Montana Library.

 
    
26
Congressional Record
, 88th Congress, 2nd Session, 1964, 110, pt. 10:13330–419.

 
    
27
Stewart, “Strategy,” 130–31.

 
    
28
Humphrey,
Education
, 284.

 
    
29
Stewart, “Tactics I,” 130.

 
    
30
“Final Dictated Thoughts,” by Raymond Wolfinger, box 15, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library; Stewart, “Tactics I,” 131.

 
    
31
Stewart, “Tactics I,” 131.

 
    
32
“June 16, 1964, ‘‘by Raymond Wolfinger, box 23, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library;
Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report
, June 19, 1964, 1205.

 
    
33
Chicago Tribune
, June 14, 1964, 26; Baltimore
Sun
, June 14, 1964, 1.

 
    
34
“Final Dictated Thoughts,” by Raymond Wolfinger, box 15, David B. Filvaroff and Raymond E. Wolfinger Civil Rights Act Papers, University of Buffalo Library.

 
    
35
Chicago Tribune
, June 17, 1964, 7.

 
    
36
New York Times
, June 16, 1964, 18.