The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence (66 page)

Read The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence Online

Authors: Ray Kurzweil

Tags: #Non-Fiction, #Fringe Science, #Amazon.com, #Retail, #Science

BOOK: The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence
7.11Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
Poole, Robert M.
The Incredible Machine.
Washington, D.C.: The National Geographic Society, 1986.
Poppel, Ernst.
Mindworks: Time and Conscious Experience.
Boston: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1988.
Popper, Karl and John Eccles.
The Self and Its Brain.
Berlin, London: Springer-Verlag, 1977.
Posner, Michael I. and Marcus E. Raichle.
Images of Mind.
New York: Scientific American Library, 1994.
Potter, Jerry L., ed.
The Massively Parallel
Processor. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985.
Poundstone, William.
Prisoner’s Dilemma.
New York: Doubleday, 1992.
_________.
The Recursive Universe: Cosmic Complexity and the Limits of Scientific Knowledge.
New York: William Morrow, 1985.
Pratt, Vernon.
Thinking Machines: The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence.
New York: Basil Blackwell, 1987.
Pratt, William K.
Digital Image Processing.
New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1978.
Price, Derek J. de Solla.
Gears from the Greeks: The Antikythera Mechanism
—A
Calendar Computer from Circa 80 B.C.
New York: Science History Publications, 1975.
Prigogine, Ilya.
The End of Certainty: Time’s Flow and the Laws of Nature.
New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997.
Prueitt, Melvin L.
Art and the Computer.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984.
Prusinkiewicz, Przemyslaw and Aristid Lindenmayer.
The Algorithmic Beauty of Plants.
New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Rabiner, Lawrence R. and Ronald W Schafer.
Digital Processing of Speech Signals.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1978.
RACTER.
The Policeman’s Beard Is Half Constructed: Computer Prose and Poetry by RACTER.
[William Chamberlain and Joan Hall. New York: Warner Books, 1984.
Radford, Andrew.
Transformational Syntax: A Student’s Guide to Chomsky’s Extended Standard Theory.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
Raibert, Marc H.
Legged
Robots
That Balance.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986.
Randell, Brian, ed.
The Origins of Digital Computers: Selected Papers.
New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975.
Raphael, Bertram.
The Thinking Computer: Mind Inside Matter.
San Francisco: W H. Freeman, 1976.
Rasmussen, S., et al. “Computational Connectionism Within Neurons: A Model of Cytoskeletal Automata Subserving Neural Networks,”
Emergent Computation.
Edited by Stephanie Forrest. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1991.
Raup, David M.
Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck?
New York: W W Norton, 1991.
Rawlings, Gregory J. E.
Moths to the Flame: The Seductions of Computer Technology.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.
Rée, Jonathan.
Descartes.
New York: Pica Press, 1974.
Reichardt, Jasia.
Robots: Fact, Fiction and Prediction.
Middlesex, UK: Penguin Books, 1978.
Reid, Robert H.
Architects of the Web: 1,000 Days That Built the Future of Business.
New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1997.
Restak, Richard M. (M.D.)
The Brain.
Toronto: Bantam Books, 1984.
Rheingold, Howard.
Virtual Reality.
New York: Summit Books, 1991.
Rich, Elaine.
Artificial Intelligence.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983.
Rich, Elaine and Kevin Knight.
Artificial Intelligence.
Second ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.
Ringle, Martin D., ed.
Philosophical Perspectives in Artificial Intelligence.
Brighton, Sussex: Harvester Press, 1979.
Roads, Curtis, ed.
Composers and the Computer.
Los Altos, CA: William Kaufmann, 1985.
_____, ed.
The Music Machine: Selected Readings from “Computer Music Journal.”
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988.
Roads, Curtis and John Strawn.
Foundations of Computer Music.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989.
Robin, Harry and Daniel J. Kevles.
The Scientific Image: From Cave to Computer.
New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1992.
Rock, Irvin.
Perception.
New York: Scientific American Books, 1984.
Rogers, David F. and Rae A. Ernshaw, eds.
Computer Graphics Techniques: Theory and Practice.
New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Rose, Frank.
Into the Heart of the Mind: An American Quest for Artificial Intelligence.
New York: Vintage Books, 1984.
Rosenberg, Jerry M.
Dictionary of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.
New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1986.
Rosenblatt, Frank.
Principles of Neurodynamics.
New York: Spartan, 1962.
Rosenfield, Israel.
The Invention of Memory: A New View of the Brain.
New York: Basic Books, 1988.
Rothchild, Joan, ed.
Machina ex Dea: Feminist Perspectives on Technology.
New York: Pergamon Press, 1982.
Rothschild, Michael.
Bionomics: The Inevitability of Capitalism.
New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1990.
Rucker, Rudy.
Infinity and the Mind.
Boston: Birkhäuser, 1982.
________.
Mind Tools: The Five Levels of Mathematical Reality.
Boston: Houghton-Mifflin Company, 1987.
_______.
Software.
Middlesex, UK: Penguin Books, 1983.
Rumelhart, D. E., J. L. McClelland, and the PDP Research Group.
Parallel Distributed Processing.
Vols. 1 and 2. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1982.
Russell, Bertrand.
The ABC of Relativity.
Fourth ed. 1925. Reprint. London: Allen and Unwin, 1985.
_______. The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell: 1872-1914.
Toronto: Bantam Books, 1967.
_________. The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell: 1914-1944.
Toronto: Bantam Books, 1968.
________. A History of Western Philosophy.
New York: Simon and Schuster, 1945.
________. Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy.
New York: Macmillan, 1919.
_________.
Mysticism and Logic.
New York: Doubleday Anchor Books, 1957.
_______. The Principles of Mathematics.
Reprint. New York: W W Norton & Company, 1996.
______. The
Problems of Philosophy.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1959.
Russell, Peter.
The Global Brain: Speculations on the Evolutionary Leap to Planetary Consciousness.
Los Angeles: J. P. Tarcher, 1976.
Sabbagh, Karl.
The Living Body.
London: Macdonald & Company, 1984.
Sacks, Oliver.
The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and Other Clinical Tales.
New York: Harper and Row, 1985.
Sagan, Carl.
Contact.
New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985.
_________.
The Dragons of Eden: Speculations on the Evolution of Human Intelligence.
New York: Ballantine Books, 1977.
_________, ed.
Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1973.
Sambursky, S.
The Physical World of the Greeks.
London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1963. Original, 1956.
Sanderson, George and Frank Mcdonald, eds.
Marshall McLuhan: The Man and His Message.
Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 1989.
Saunders, Peter T. “The Complexity of Organisms.”
Evolutionary Theory: Paths into the Future,
edited by J. W. Pollard. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1984.
Savage, John E., Susan Magidson, and Alex M. Stein.
The Mystical Machine: Issues and Ideas in Computing.
Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1986.
Saxby, Graham.
Holograms: How to Make and Display Them.
London: Focal Press, 1980.
Sayre, Kenneth M. and Frederick J. Crosson.
The Modeling of Mind: Computers and Intelligence.
New York: Simon and Schuster, 1963.
Schank, Roger.
The Creative Attitude: Learning to Ask and Answer the Right Questions.
New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1988.
________
.
Dynamic Memory: A Theory of Reminding and Learning in Computers and People.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
_________
.
Tell Me a Story: A New Look at Real and Artificial Memory.
New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1990.
Schank, Roger C. and Kenneth Mark Colby, eds.
Computer Models of Thought and Language.
San Francisco: W H. Freeman, 1973.
Schank, Roger [with Peter G. Childers] .
The Cognitive Computer: On Language, Learning, and Artificial Intelligence.
Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1984.
Schilpp, P. A., ed.
The Philosophy of Bertrand Russell.
Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1944.
Schön, Donald A.
Educating the Reflective Practitioner: Toward a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions.
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1987.
Schorr, Herbert and Alain Rappaport, eds.
Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence.
Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press, 1989.
Schrödinger, Erwin.
What Is Life?
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967.
Schull, Jonathan. “Are Species Intelligent?”
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
13:1 (1990).
Schulmeyer, G. Gordon.
Zero Defect Software.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1990.
Schwartz, Lillian E
The Computer Artist’s Handbook: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications.
New York: W W Norton and Company, 1992.
Searle, John R. “Minds, Brains, and Programs.”
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
Vol. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980.
______
.
Minds, Brains and Science.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985.
_____. The Rediscovery of the Mind.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992.
Sejnowski, T. and C. Rosenberg. “Parallel Networks That Learn to Pronounce English Text.”
Complex Systems
1 (1987).
Serra, Jean, ed.
Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology.
Vol. 1. London: Academic Press, 1988.
_______
, ed.
Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology.
Vol. 2: Theoretical Advances. London: Academic Press, 1988.
Shapiro, Stuart D., ed.
Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence.
2 vols. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1987.
Sharples, M. D., et al.
Computers and Thought: A Practical Introduction to Artificial Intelligence.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989.
Shear, Jonathan, ed.
Explaining Consciousness

The “Hard” Problem.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995-1997.
Shortliffe, E. MYCIN:
Computer-Based Medical Consultations.
New York: American Elsevier, 1976.
Shurkin, Joel.
Engines of the Mind: A History of the Computer.
New York: W W Norton, 1984.
Siekmann, Jorg and Graham Wrightson.
Automation of Reasoning 1: Classical Papers on Computational Logic 1957-1966.
Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1983.
_________
.
Automation of Reasoning 2: Classical Papers on Computational Logic 1967-1970.
Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1983.
Simon, Herbert A.
Models of My Life.
New York: Basic Books, 1991.
_______.
The Sciences of the Artificial.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1969.
Simon, Herbert A. and Allen Newell. “Heuristic Problem Solving: The Next Advance in Operations Research.”
Operations Research.
Vol. 6. 1958.
Simon, Herbert A. and L. Siklossy, eds.
Representation and Meaning: Experiments with Information Processing Systems.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1972.
Simpson, George Gaylord.
The Meaning of Evolution.
The New American Library of World Literature. New York: A Mentor Book, 1951.
Singer, C., E. J. Holmyard, A. R. Hall, and T. I. Williams, eds.
A History of Technology.
5 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1954-1958.

Other books

Of Wings and Wolves by Reine, SM
Nurse Lovette by Paisley Smith