Taste of War: World War II and the Battle for Food (110 page)

31
Wilson,
The Manchurian Crisis
, p. 64.

32
Shin’ichi,
Manchuria
, pp. 18–20; Barnhart,
Japan Prepares
, p. 27.

33
Kershaw,
Fateful Choices
, p. 94.

34
Young, ‘Imagined empire’, p. 77.

35
Peattie, ‘Japanese attitudes towards colonialism’, pp. 120–3.

36
Iriye,
Origins of the Second World War in Asia
, p. 6.

37
Wilson,
The Manchurian Crisis
, pp. 118, 130.

38
Smith,
A Time of Crisis
, p. 81.

39
Wilson,
The Manchurian Crisis
, pp. 63–5; Beasley,
Japanese Imperialism
, p. 177.

40
Kershaw,
Fateful Choices
, pp. 103–4.

41
Dore and Ouchi, ‘Rural origins’, p. 196; Iriye,
Origins of the Second World War in Asia
, pp. 38–9; Frank,
Downfall
, pp. 86–7.

42
Kershaw,
Fateful Choices
, p. 105.

43
Barnhart,
Japan Prepares
, p. 71.

44
Dore and Ouchi, ‘Rural origins’, pp. 197–9; Wilson,
The Manchurian Crisis
, pp. 130–1.

45
Lewis,
Rioters and Citizens
, pp. 245–6.

46
Dore and Ouchi, ‘Rural origins’, p. 207.

47
Ibid., p. 209.

48
Smith,
A Time of Crisis
, p. 324.

49
Ibid., pp. 222–3, 327–8.

50
Wilson,
The Manchurian Crisis
, pp. 66–7.

51
Smith,
A Time of Crisis
, pp. 270–1, 334–5.

52
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, pp. 326–8, 335, 341.

53
Wilson,
The Manchurian Crisis
, p. 58.

54
Ibid.

55
Duus,
The Abacus
, p. 368; Peattie, ‘Japanese attitudes towards colonialism’, p. 89.

56
Duus,
The Abacus
, pp. 306–7, 309–10.

57
Ibid., p. 312; Tennant,
A History of Korea
, p. 242; Peattie, ‘Japanese attitudes towards colonialism’, pp. 100–101.

58
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, p. 316; Duus, ‘Economic dimensions of Meiji imperialism’, pp. 141, 159.

59
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, pp. 336–9.

60
Ibid., pp. 309, 351; Shin’ichi,
Manchuria
, pp. 268–9.

61
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, pp. 401–2.

62
Shin’ichi,
Manchuria
, p. 203.

63
Ibid.

64
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, pp. 342–6.

65
Ibid., pp. 404–5; Shin’ichi,
Manchuria
, pp. 268–9.

66
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, pp. 330–1.

67
Ibid., pp. 392–5, 429.

68
Shin’ichi,
Manchuria
, pp. 273–5.

69
Kuramoto,
Manchurian Legacy
, p. 39.

70
Ibid., p. 92.

71
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, p. 411; slightly higher figures are given in Shin’ichi,
Manchuria
, pp. 282–3.

72
Kershaw,
Fateful Choices
, p. 333.

73
Barnhart,
Japan Prepares
, pp. 101–2.

74
Kershaw,
Fateful Choices
, p. 99.

75
Duus, ‘Introduction. Japan’s wartime empire’, p. xvii.

76
Peattie, ‘
Nanshin
’, pp. 210–15; Hatano and Asada, ‘The Japanese decision to move south’, pp. 387, 390.

77
Ibid., pp. 399–402.

78
Iriye,
Origins of the Second World War in Asia
, p. 171; Kershaw,
Fateful Choices
, p. 127.

79
Young,
Japan’s Total Empire
, p. 351.

PART II THE BATTLE FOR FOOD

1
Adams,
Farm Problems
, p. 12; Vat,
The Atlantic Campaign
, p. 8; Russell,
Sea Shepherds
, p. 177; Hammond,
Food and Agriculture
, p. 230.

2
Tinley,
Wartime Transportation
, p. 15.

3
Doreen Laven, notes on wartime memories.

4
Jackson,
The British Empire
, p. 133.

5
Bosworth, ‘Eating for the nation’, pp. 228–9; Crawford et al.,
Wartime Agriculture in Australia
, pp. 131, 155; Milward,
War, Economy and Society
, p. 247.

6
Bannister,
I Lived Under Hitler
, p. 104.

7
Wickizer,
Coffee, Tea and Cocoa
, pp. 90–105.

8
Roll,
The Combined Food Board
, p. 47.

9
Milward,
War, Economy and Society
, p. 278.

10
Corni,
Hitler and the Peasants
, pp. 210–11.

11
Moskoff,
The Bread of Affliction
, p. 13.

12
Peattie, ‘Japanese attitudes towards colonialism’, p. 126.

13
Milward,
War, Economy and Society
, p. 247.

14
Smith,
A Time of Crisis
, p. 72.

15
Blythe,
Akenfield
, p. 202.

16
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 199.

17
Ibid., pp. 201–3.

18
Patterson,
Grand Expectations
, p. 10; Wilcox,
The Farmer
, p. 19.

19
Huegel,
Kriegsernährungswirtschaft Deutschlands
, p. 281; Stephenson,
Hitler’s Home Front
, p. 7.

20
Hall,
Land Girl
, p. 59; Stephenson,
Hitler’s Home Front
, p. 14.

21
Hall,
Land Girl
, p. 59.

22
Martin, ‘The structural transformation’, pp. 17–18.

23
Dore,
Shinohata
, p. 44.

24
Cherrington,
On the Smell of an Oily Rag
, p. 126.

25
Huegel,
Kriegsernährungswirtschaft Deutschlands
, p. 281.

26
Amrith, ‘The United Nations’, pp. 35–6.

27
White and Jacoby,
Thunder out of China
, pp. 30–31.

28
Becker,
Hungry Ghosts
, p. 16.

29
Hurt,
Problems of Plenty
, p. 83.

30
Brassley, ‘British farming’, p. 199.

31
Lehman, ‘Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft’, pp. 39–40; Huegel,
Kriegs-ernährungswirtschaft Deutschlands
, p. 300.

32
Foot, ‘The impact of the military’, p. 132; Martin, ‘Agriculture and food supply’, p. 191; Evans,
The Third Reich in Power
, p. 347.

4. American Boom

1
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 263.

2
Ibid., pp. 161, 302–4.

3
Ibid., pp. 309, 312.

4
Hurt,
Problems of Plenty
, p. 99.

5
Wilcox,
The Farmer
, p. 157.

6
Kennedy, ‘Herbert Hoover’, p. 87.

7
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, pp. 110–34.

8
Wilcox,
The Farmer
, p. 63.

9
Ibid., p. 159.

10
Danbom,
Born in the Country
, p. 231.

11
Jeffries,
Wartime America
, p. 61.

12
Flynn,
The Mess in Washington
, p. 132.

13
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 88.

14
Jeffries,
Wartime America
, p. 71.

15
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 88.

16
Flynn,
The Mess in Washington
, pp. 136, 142.

17
Carpenter,
On the Farm Front
, p. 27.

18
Ibid., pp. 28, 122.

19
Ibid., p. 105.

20
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 91.

21
Ibid., p. 229.

22
Ibid., p. 230.

23
Ibid., p. 233.

24
Ibid., p. 230.

25
Flynn,
The Mess in Washington
, p. 144; Carpenter,
On the Farm Front
, p. 113; Hurt,
American Agriculture
, p. 308.

26
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 214.

27
Ibid., p. 219.

28
Danbom,
Born in the Country
, p. 236.

29
Hurt,
Problems of Plenty
, p. 115.

30
Pollard,
The Development of the British Economy
, p. 167; Lamer,
The World Fertilizer Economy
, pp. 198–201, 214–16; Wilcox,
The Farmer
, pp. 53–7; Lonsdale, ‘The Depression’, p. 121.

31
Hurt,
American Agriculture
, p. 32; Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 351.

32
Offer,
The First World War
, p. 151.

33
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 83; Jeffries,
Wartime America
, p. 45.

34
Hurt,
Problems of Plenty
, p. 74.

35
Jeffries,
Wartime America
, pp. 21, 52–3.

36
Hurt,
Problems of Plenty
, p. 90.

37
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 70.

38
Jeffries,
Wartime America
, p. 77.

39
Harrison,
Growing a Global Village
, pp. 3–4, 20.

40
Ibid., pp. 29, 32.

41
Cramp, ‘Food – the first munition of war’, p. 76.

42
Harrison,
Growing a Global Village
, pp. 6–7, 42–4.

43
Wilcox,
The Farmer
, pp. 51, 76.

44
Harrison,
Growing a Global Village
, pp. 47–8, 50.

45
Ibid., pp. 56–8, 71.

46
Ibid., p. 13.

47
Seabrook Farms, New Jersey,
http://www.usgennet.org/usa/nj/state/seabrook_farms_nj.htm
.

48
Danbom,
Born in the Country
, p. 234.

49
Hurt,
Problems of Plenty
, pp. 124–5; Hurt,
American Agriculture
, p. 306.

50
Hodgson,
Few Eggs
, p. 380.

51
Bayly and Harper,
Forgotten Armies
, p. 368.

52
Bengelsdorf,
Die Landwirtschaft der Vereinigten Staaten
, p. 107; Lawrence,
Eat Your Heart Out
, p. 255.

53
Wilcox,
The Farmer
, p. 198.

54
Gratzer,
Terrors of the Table
, pp. 105–6.

55
Lovin, ‘Agricultural reorganization’, p. 460; Wehler,
Deutsche Gesellschafts-geschichte
, p. 705; Von der Decken, ‘Die Ernährung in England und Deutschland’, p. 179.

56
Watters,
Illinois in the Second World War
, p. 348.

57
Campbell,
Women at War
, p. 181.

58
Watters,
Illinois in the Second World War
, pp. 348–9.