Authors: Thanassis Valtinos
âTo make them suffer even more.
âThey gave away the liver of one of the slaughtered animals, and someone gave it to my father. Someone. How could he eat anything, my father? With one son killed and his house looted. That Pavlákos comes round, he asks, Where's the other liver? They say, We gave it to the old man. He calls my father. Okay, where's the liver? Comrade, the old man says to him. Your men gave it to us. We didn't eat it. I'll tell them to bring it. Pavlákos gives him a slap. The old man goes tottering
and hits himself on an acacia tree we had outside. I remember it, I was young. With my brother killed and everything, just like I told you. I was fourteen, fifteen. And that's why I took care of Pavlákos later on. I beat him for one whole day and one night.
âAnd word got out that Anéstis Poúlios was also at the execution.
âNo. Anéstis and someone called Balátsas. Both from Mesorráhi. They didn't take part in the execution. But they were there. They watched. And they were the ones took their clothes, so it seems. Because later on I spoke to someone called Sarántos. Then I went to TrÃpolis. Two years later. During the second insurgency. I had started beating people. I couldn't control myself. And I left. They would have killed me. Because I was a documented victim of the insurgency. Well, we were eating one day at Antonákos's place, and that Dakourélis comes in. He sits down there. He says, I have to tell you something. And you have to do it. I say, Tell me. He says, Your brother was killed by a man named Kóstas HarbÃs from Psylà Vrýsi. I don't waste a minute, I go straight to the public prosecutor. For even the smallest complaint he was obliged to prosecute. And initiate legal action. I told him everythingâthe whole story in great detail. Dakourélis climbed up a tree, the rebels went past, he saw them, they didn't see him. And he saw the whole execution from up there. How they killed them and what happened. My brother fell with the first shot, he fell over. Died on the spot. The first shot didn't kill Nikoláou, and he was dragging himself along. And one of them went and finished him off with his pistol. That's exactly what happened. We went to Náfplion a few weeks later. The trial date had been set, but Dakourélis went back on his story. He says, It's the first time I see that man. Seems they paid him off. And that was the end of that.
âBut we'd beat them to it. We'd tried them ourselves.
âNot them. We didn't know them.
âFirst we caught Anéstis.
âWe caught Balátsas first. Stylianós. From Mesorráhi. Balátsas was his nickname. Everyone called him that.
âTyrovolás was his name. Stylianós Tyrovolás.
âBut he was in prison.
âWell, I used to go to some land we had for grazing sheep. We call the place Bouzouriá. Down in KoubÃla. There someone named Fotópoulos tells me, Look up there. Isn't that Balátsas? We thought he was in prison. I tell him, What are you talking about? I go to the sheepfolds. I had the mules with me, I left them with some shepherds. I go back to the village. I get four or five men and we go there at night and we catch him.
âThat was in 1946.
â1946 or '48.
âNot in '48. I was in the army in '48.
âAnyway, 1946. I got the men together, we went straight to his house. We knock on the door, they wouldn't open. We break it down. His wife runs out, she started shouting. Stylianós isn't here. He's not here. She was shouting. Even though she could have said that more softly. I tell the others, He's hiding somewhere. Either at Souroúpis's place or at Markoúlis's. By shouting she was signaling him to clear out. We run over to Souroúpis's place, he wasn't inside. We go down to Markoúlis's place. What was his name?
âKambylafkás.
âHe was from Galtená. He'd married someone from Mesorráhi and was living there. He opens the door. I tell him, Where's Balátsas? He says, I don't know. Soon as he says I don't know I smack him. Listen, I don't know, he says again and motions upstairs with his eyes. He had a very small atticâand that's where Balátsas was hiding. Hey listen, I don't know. And he motioned upstairs with his eyes. I think to myself, he's here. I shout, Come down, Balátsas. He comes down. He'd taken out his release papers and he was showing them to me. His release from prison. I take them and I tear them up, I bash him with my rifle butt. And with that my rifle goes off, I could have been killed. We take him outside. I tell the others, Leave him to me. Because I was the one had a beef with him. And then I started beating him. I beat him like an octopus, until the same time the next day. He'd been in prison, stayed there for a year or so, maybe less. And then he got out, when they were ordered to reduce the number of prisoners. We took
him down to Perdikóvrisi. I tell him, Where's Poúlios? Anéstis Poúlios. He says, You'll find him at Kóstas Tyrovolás's place.
âIn Mesorráhi.
âWe put him in the cellar, tied and bound, and we left. We went home, we all had something to eat, and then we went after Poúlios. And we caught him. I started beating him. Then KarelÃna threw a rock at me. An old lady, a relative of his. From up behind a wall. Almost killed me. I go back and I give her two swift kicks. We got Anéstis, we took him off to Tservási.
âOn the way were some vineyards, they'd fenced them off with pear trees and gorse. We'd pull some up and beat him over the head.
âHe could barely walk at that point.
âWe take him to the village, I take some scissors, I cut off his ear.
âHis ear, his hair. His hair, his scalp, I cut it all. We dump him in a corner. And in comes Kóstas Nikoláou's sister with an ax handle. Nikoláou who they'd executed in Ayiliás. Telésilla. She starts beating him with it. On the head. Trying to break his head open. We carry him out of there. We go to a deserted house. That lawyer KaramÃtzas's house. We throw him in the cellar. There was an empty barrel there. The top was missing. We shove Anéstis in there, head first. We tie his hands behind him and pull down his pants. So he can't walk. And we leave him there. Now if you mention Anéstis and the barrel in Kastrà they'll tell you all kinds of stories. Like that we screwed him. That's not true. We left him there. Half dead from the beatings. And what did he do? He came round little by little. Now they say that a cousin of KarÃbakas, a woman whose brothers were kapetanaÃoi, went there and let him out. And he jumped over some terraces, got as far as Kótronas, and someone named Fotópoulos untied him. Soon after that we caught him again. We took him to Náfplion, and they kept him in custody awaiting trial. Then I left for America. I was discharged from the army, I left in 1951. In June. I had that right. My father was an American citizen. Twenty-eight years. 1951â1979. The year before last I was at the bus depot in TrÃpolis. I was waiting for my daughter, she's married, in Corinth. I see Anéstis. An old man now. He comes right up to me, he doesn't recognize me. He asks, Has the bus from
Kastrà arrived yet? I pretended to be American. I say in English, I don't understand Greek. Because I thought to myself, maybe he was looking to get me into trouble again. And last year I saw him again. Again I was on a bus and the bus stopped in Mesorráhi. He was waiting there with a man named Panayótis TsÃkis.
âThey're first cousins.
âFirst cousins, and they were going to get chestnuts. It was October. The bus stopped, I was in the front seat, he put out his hand so I could help him up. He couldn't get up, he was an old wreck by then. I pretended not to see him. And he got up by himself, with TsÃkis pushing him from behind. Well, hello there Nikoláou, he says. Hello, Anéstis, I say. And I thought, now that we're about to leave this life, why did we do all that? For revenge, that's why.
âRevenge, yes. Then from Eleohóri they sent word to us to go after someone named Mathés. An important Party cadre. We left and went to Ayiasofiá, traveled all night. At the railroad tracks Antonákos the doctor was waiting for us. He got us and took us back to Samóni. He was an important cadre, that Mathés. I don't know how that man stayed alive. There were seven men from Másklina and us. He was a murderer. A murderer. Just like those other men who are getting pensions today. Who took part in the Resistance and are getting pensions. Murderers' Resistance.
And that's how the wife of the justice of the peace lost her things. Manolópoulos was the justice of the peace in KastrÃ. Pavlákos let it slip somewhere that they were going to arrest him. VasÃlis goes and tells him, Take your wife and get out. I don't remember if they had children, they were both young. They were staying at HoraÃtis's place. Did I hear you right, Manolópoulos says to him. Don't ask me anything else, VasÃlis says, I can't talk to you. They're following me. You didn't dare talk to anyone back then. The court clerk lived right above our house. KonstantinÃdis. He had a sister named VasilikÃ. Manolópoulos's wife called her and said, Come and pack up the house if you can. And I'm leaving a present for you on the table. Take it, I'm leaving. She told her that and she left. She and her husband left at night. She went the next morning, she tidied up the house, and she took a very lovely nightgown the other woman had left for her. She supposedly closed up the house and left. A few days later they supposedly got her things and took them to some shelter. Then HarÃs arranged things the way he wanted. And later, when he would quarrel with Kouroúnis, every time they had a spat, he'd say: You took those things and you sold them in Megalópolis. All Manolópoulos's wife's clothes.
âWho said that to whom?
âKouroúnis said that to HarÃs. Because it was HarÃs who was going and selling them.
Our legislature provides for the mutual exacting of oaths. As do all legislatures. A person may establish the truth of all his allegations by the negative process of challenging his opponent to take an oath. I say, You owe me a hundred. You say, I don't owe you anything, because I never borrowed anything. I enter a sworn statement against you. Legally, you can either take an oath or exact one from your opponent. The tug-of-war ends there. No further challenges are allowed. And then, of course, come the penalties for perjury. The process is called the mutual exacting of oaths. It is exacted by one litigant of another, the judge being obligated to administer it. But only in certain kinds of disputes. In trials regarding marital disagreements, for example, the exacting of oaths does not apply. In trials that tend toward the breakup or annulment of the marriage, oaths cannot be exacted for the simple reason that there is a lack of material evidence. In the old days cases of this sort were frequently heard by the Supreme Court. Suddenly the question arose as to whether the fact of
not
being a virgin constituted “lack of material evidence.” Because in those days a woman's chastity was given paramount, statutory importance. Which could be proven only by the presence of an intact hymen. Or again in cases of deception concerning a person's identity. I know that that's how they married off the Manavélas girl. Because people in those days were more than just simple-minded. They
were sneaky. The bridegroom was only supposed to see the bride at the church on their wedding day. All made up and decked out and covered by a veil. And they usually put the elder daughters there, the ones they wanted to get rid of. They showed me one daughter and they gave me another. That's how that practice came about.
âI want you to tell me that story.
âNo. You ask and I'll answer.
âFine. When did they arrest you?
âOkay, they arrested me in February. Not February. They arrested me in 1944.
âDo you remember what month?
âThat's easy. They arrested me in October. In November to be precise.
âIn 1944?
âIn 1944. They arrested me in Astros, KynourÃa.
âHad the Germans left?
âThe Germans had left. I wanted to get out of the country. To go to the Middle East.
âHold on a minute.
âI wanted to leave.
âWait a minute.
âSo. Triantafýllis tells me. And Matsiólas. Matsiólas the colonel. And Yiánnis the air pilot, Yiánnis Logothétis.
âNo, Yiánnis Konstantélos.
âOh yes, Konstantélos. They tell me, Stay put and see if you can help us, so we can all leave on the
PapanikolÃs
. The submarine.
âWhen was that?
âIn 1944, in the month of October.
âNo, it must have been earlier. In October 1944 the Germans were gone. You wouldn't have left then.
âThe Germans had left. They'd gone, because they had to leave. The rebels were in control of everything. The Germans left on October 12. They left on October 12.
âYes.
âExactly. And the authorities agreed to say it happened on the seventeenth. But they left on October 12.
âAll right.
âThey left straight from TrÃpolis.
âRight. And where were you then?
âI was here. I'd gone up to Mount Taygetus. Then I came back, and I was in TrÃpolis in 1944. But it was before I went to TrÃpolisâon February 2, the Day of the Presentation at the Temple.
âIn 1943?
âIn '44. It was in 1944 on February 2 that the Germans arrested us in Mávri Trýpa. Two hundred fifty-eight prisoners we were.
âIn hiding?
âNo. Prisoners.
âTell me about that.
âYes. Prisoners. But before that I sent those officers out of the country. To the Middle East. I went to Fokianós. In LeonÃdio. Very rough sea there. The
PapanikolÃs
arrived, the submarine, it surfaced, and it picked them up, five of them. Matsiólas, Yiánnis Konstantélos, the air pilot from Karátoula, Stámos Triantafýllis.
âWas all that before then?
âYes, I told you, before.
âThey left before 1944.
âThey left in '43. In 1943.
âIn October?
âYes. In 1943 I was still on Mount Taygetus. And in 1944 we mounted our major operation. So to speak.