Ninja (38 page)

See also
Shugend
o

Bujinkan, 236

Burma

INA and, 200–201

Suzuki Keiji and, 205–8

Burma Defense Army, 208

Burma Road, 206–7

Burmese Independence Army (BIA), 207

Bush, George, 8

bushi,
18
n,
38

forts, 133–35

cannon, 110, 168, 171

castles

hilltop, 60–70

See also specific castles

Catholic missionaries, 106, 109, 156, 169

Chen Kaige:
Emperor and the Assassin
(film), 10–11

Chiang Kai-shek, 205

Chigachi Castle, 159–60

Chihaya Castle, 65, 66, 69–70, 71, 244–45

China, 212, 218, 233

conquest ambitions, 164, 188, 190, 201, 205, 212, 254

gun development, 101

influences, 12–14, 75, 83, 107–8, 183

ninja early origins, 4, 7–14, 183

Warring States period, 54

Chinese immigrants, Iga/Koga, 88

Chinese peasants, 79
n

Chinese sources,
Bansenshükai,
179

Chishima (Kuril) islands, 220

Christians

Catholic missionaries, 106, 109, 156, 169

Oda Nobunaga and, 144

persecution, Ky
u
sh
u
, 169–73

civil war, medieval Japan, 56–72

Cobb, Nora, 240
n

commando training center, Futamata, 212–13

communes, 97, 103, 139

Europe, 94, 95

Iga Commune
(ikki)
, 92–94, 95–97, 153

K
o
ga commune of villages, 94, 97

peasant
(s
o
)
, 78–79, 92

provincial, 82–83, 91

Confucius/Confucianism, 7, 14, 32

Conlan, Thomas Donald:
State of War,
40
n

Connery, Sean, 233

creative thinking: Nakano Spy School and, 193–94

Cummins, Antony, and Yoshie Minami (trs):
Shoninki,
31, 95
n,
180
n,
184

Dahl, Roald, 232

daimy
o
,
39–40, 42–44, 90, 114, 175

dakko
(knowledge of local customs), 47

Dan (prince of Yan), 11

Danj
o
(ninja), 116

Dawkins, Richard: on memes, 4

deception theory

military, 8–14

ninjas and, 46–51

samurai and, 44–45

disguises

medieval people, 55

Nakano Spy School, 191, 192, 194

ninjas and, 3, 16, 45, 46–51, 57, 181

diversions, creating, 48–49

Dodo, 137

Draeger, Donn, 233

and Robert Smith,
Asian Fighting Arts,
115–16, 118

Dragon God Mountain, 149

Dutch colonies, WWII, 199, 203

East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, 191–212, 253–54

Eastman, Kevin, 240

Edo, 86, 87, 171

Ieyasu and, 165, 167

period, 98, 131

Shimabara Rebellion, 170–73

Emperor and the Assassin, The
(film), 10–14

En no Gy
o
ja (En no Ozunu, En the Ascetic), 23, 27, 122, 135, 152

enemies

ninja and, 33–34

respect for, 220–21

Enryaku-ji monastery (Mount Hiei), 56, 67, 108, 124

Europe: commune movement in, 94, 95

Fan Yuqi, 11

films, 10–11, 31, 53, 115, 228, 232–37, 239–40, 252

First Emperor (China), 9–14, 107

five spells, 75–77

Fleming, Ian

and Japan, 227–28

You Only Live Twice,
228–36

forts, Iga and K
o
ga, 132–35, 146–55

fortune telling, physiological, 73–75

Forty-Eight Waterfalls, 18–19, 23–24, 26–27, 122, 132, 148, 151, 159, 168

Friday, Karl:
Samurai, Warfare and the State in Early Medieval Japan,
36

Fróis, Luís: on Nobunaga, 106–7, 109

Fujibayashi Yasutake: and
Bansensh
u
kai,
179, 184

Fujita Seiko, 212, 233

Fujiwara Iwaichi, 190–202

F. Kikan,
197
n,
198

and INA, 198–200

on liberation from colonialism, 224–25

and Malaya/Singapore, 198–99

Fujiwara Kikan (Agency), 197–98, 224–25

Fukuda Takeo, 271

Fukuoka: U.S. prisoners murdered on, 221–22

Futamata commando training center, 212–13

Fut
o
Castle, 137

gekokuj
o
,
85

Gempei War, 37

Genghis Khan, 100, 167, 187

German concentration camps: survival in, 257–58, 259

Go-Daigo (emperor), 57, 59–60, 63, 66, 70–72, 82, 192

Great Pagoda, 67

Guadalcanal, 211

Guardian
(Manchester newspaper), 226

Gunpu Jiyoshu (The Collected Way of the Samurai Military Arts),
177

guns, adoption, 101–3

Haguro, Mount: Shugend
o
training center at, 20

haikus, 136

Hando-ji temple, 122–23

Hando mountain, 122

Hanz
o
's Gate, 174

hara-kiri.
See
seppuku

Hara stronghold: siege of, 170–73

Harima province, 56

Harimau.
See
Tani Yutaka (Harimau)

Hartwell, Martin, 259

Hasegawa, 158

Hata Masanori, Major, 223

Hatano family, 109

Hateruma island, 217

Hatsumi Masaaki, 233, 236–37

Togakure, 236–37

Hattori family: and
Ninpiden,
177

Hattori Hanz
o
, 150, 151

Chigachi Castle, 159–60

in fiction, 237

and Ieyasu, 158–63, 174

Heart Sutra, 22, 25

Hidetada (Ieyasu's son), 167

Hideyori (heir of Hideyoshi), 167–68

Hideyoshi Toyotomi, 157, 164–65

Hiei-san, 123–24

Hijayama battle, 146–48

hikan
(lower-order people), 95–96

hilltop castles, 60–70

hinin
people, 55

Hino Suketomo, 57–58

Hiro Kanagawa, 203
n

Hiromitsu Kuroi, 126, 127

Hitler, Adolf: and Bose, 200

Hitoshi Miyake:
Mandala of the Mountain,
21

Hokkaid
o
, 54, 187–88, 219–20

final defenses, 219–20

rebels, 187–88

Hokusai, 186

Holy Snake Pass, 152

Homma, 58–59

Honn
o
-ji: Nobunaga's death, 156–57

Honsh
u
, 54, 56

Mino province, 72

Hoshino Tetsuichi, 204–5

and Australia reconnoiter, 209

Hukui Minogu, 130–31

Ichi Gun Ichi Mi Iga
/K
o
ga oath, 33, 97

Ichij
o
Kanera: on
ashigaru,
80

Ichikawa Raizo, 233

Ieyasu.
See
Tokugawa Ieyasu

Iga, 31, 33, 72

forts, 132–35, 146–55, 174–76

and Ieyasu, 160–63, 167–68, 169, 174–76

Ise rebels and, 140

and K
o
ga

in fiction, 237–39

Ichi Gun Ichi Mi
(oath), 33, 97

ninja communities, 2, 4, 85–99, 120–21

ninja houses, 125–29, 131–32

ninja masters, 21, 179

ninjas, 120–21

employment, 136, 137–38, 139–40

and Korea invasion attempt, 164

Oda Nobunaga and, 139–40, 142–55

pottery, 160

Iga Commune
(ikki)
, 92–94

constitution, 93–94, 95–97

Iga Revolt, 142–55, 159, 167, 179

Iga-Ueno, 93, 125, 136, 141, 146–47, 169

castle, 234

Ninja Museum, 125–29

Ii Naomasa, 166, 168

Ii Natada, 168

ikki
(landholders/peasants leagues), 79, 80–81

Ikkihara Genda, 163

Ikk
o
ikki:
and Nobunaga, 107, 109–10

Ikk
o
leagues (fundamentalists), 83–85

illness, faking, 47–48

Imagawa clan, Kamino castle, 105–6

Imagawa Yoshimoto, 103–4

Imai Kenroku, 138

India, Provisional Government of Free India, 200

Indian British army units: Fujiwara and, 196, 198

Indian Independence League, 198

Indian National Army (INA)

Bose and, 200–201

Fujiwara and, 200–201, 224

infiltration techniques, 49–51

information acquisition, 9–10, 132–36

integrity: Nakano Spy School and, 194–95

Ise Bay, 103, 109, 163

Ise province, 139

Iseji, 141–42, 146

Ishida Mitsunari, 165, 166–67
n

Ishida Yoshihito: on Iga constitution, 93

Ishiyama Hongan-ji temple, 84, 108, 110, 113, 118–19, 167

Isono Tamba no Kami, 138

Italian Renaissance, 54

Itezono Tatsuo, Captain, 221

Ito Samata, Major, 192–93

Iwakuro Hideo: and INA, 200

Iwao, 122

Izumi Unit, 218, 223

Jesuit missionaries, 106, 109, 156

Jing Ke, 11–14

jizamurai,
91

Jizen fort, 133

kabuki plays, 37

Kaga rebellions, 83–84

Kagoshima harbor, 166

Kamakura shogunate, 21, 38, 43, 57, 60–61, 63–72

kamikaze fighters, 110, 217

Kamino Castle, 105

kanji script, 12–13, 146
n

Karafuto (Sakhalin) island, 219

Kasagi Castle, battle, 60, 61–63, 67, 82

Kashihara Castle siege, 147–53

Kashiwazaki Monogatari,
118

katana
swords, 41–42

Katsuhisa, Prof. Moriya, 184

Kawachi, 82

Kawai Iga family, 90

Kazuya Yamaguchi (guide), 27

Keik
o
(Emperor of Yamato), 15

King Sound (Western Australia), 210–11

Kirishima Unit, 218

Kitabatake family: and Ise province, 140–42

Kitabatake Tomonori, 140, 142

Kizu river, 158

Kobe: Minato battle, 71

K
o
ga, 33, 72

commune, 94

forts, 132–35, 146–55, 174–76

and Ieyasu, 160–63, 167, 174–76

and Iga

in fiction, 237–39

Ichi Gun Ichi Mi
oath, 33, 97

ninja house, 129–32

ninja masters, 21

ninjas, 120–21

communities, 4, 85–99

employment, 136, 137–38, 139–40

and Hara stronghold, 171–73

and Kamino Castle, 105, 106

Oda Nobunaga and, 106–8, 118, 143, 144–45

traditional hotel, 178

K
o
ga History Study Group, 131

Koharumaru, 28

Kojiki
(Record of Ancient Things), 14–17

K
o
ka

Shugend
o
fire festival, 24–26

Yagawa shrine, 98–99

K
o
ka Study Group, 132, 144–45

Komiyama, 61–62

Konishi Yukinaga, 166–67
n

Köpcke, Juliane, 259

Korea

1592 invasion attempt, 164

handguns, 101

immigrants, Iga/K
o
ga, 88

Koshin, 122

Kozuka, Private: at Lubang, 247–64, 265, 271

Kuj
o
Masamoto estate, 91–92

Kumawaka, Master, 57–59

Kunio, Tsuji, 178

kura
(storage area), 130

Kusunoki Masashige, 60–61, 63–66, 69–70, 71, 150, 192, 223

and Chihaya Castle, 244–45

Kyoto, 28, 86

Honn
o
-ji, Nobunaga's death, 156–57

Northern Court, 56, 57, 59, 66, 70, 71, 72

O
nin War, 81–82

peasant riots, 81

shogunate, 38, 43

Ky
u
sh
u

Christians' persecution, 169–73

defense, 217–19

northern, 54

Laird, Peter, 240

Lake Biwa, 43, 86–87, 137, 143

Lamers, Jeroen, 100

landholders leagues
(ikki)
, 79, 80–81

Lawrence, of Arabia, 25, 192, 196, 207

Leach, Bernard, 160

Lidin, Olof, 102
n

Lobetti, Tullio: on Shugend
o
training, 20–23

Lord of the Rings,
115

Lubang

companions, 246–64

Onoda Hiroo at, 215–16, 243–69

survival methods, 254–62

U.S. occupation, 215–16, 244–45

Luther, Martin, 83

Luzon: U.S. invasion of, 244

MacArthur, Douglas, 218, 223

magic, 3, 41, 73, 75–77, 121

ninja and, 21–22, 186

Magnificent Seven
(film), 132

Malaya

covert operations, 196

Indian army, Fujiwara and, 198–200

Tani Yutaka, 201–2

mamushi
(snakes), 121–22, 149–50

Manabe Rokur
o
, 109, 186

Manaki, General, 202

Manchukuo, 201, 220

Manchuria: Japan and, 190

manga, 37, 53, 237, 239

Marcos, Ferdinand, 269

Marishiten/Marici goddess, 68

martial arts: ninjutsu and, 31–32

Maruyama Castle, 140–41, 146

Masaaki Hatsumi, 194

Masakado (warlord), 27–29

Masashi Kishimoto, Naruto, 239

matchlocks, 101, 108, 113–14

Matsuo Bash
o
.
See
Bash
o

Matsushiro fortress, 216, 218

Maugham, W. Somerset, 228

McCullough, Helen Craig, 57, 64