Lone Wolf Terrorism (50 page)

Norway having a right-wing extremist database,
50

See also
Amir, Yigal; Breivik, Anders; Fuchs, Franz; McVeigh, Timothy

risk aversion in women,
128
–
30

Rivera, Geraldo,
184

RMR-1029 (anthrax strain),
100

Robespierre, Maximilien,
286n1

Roeder, Scott,
283n38

Rohweder, Detlev, assassination of,
121

Roosevelt, Franklin D., attempted assassination of,
177

Roosevelt, Theodore,
162
–
63
,
178

Rosenberg, Ethel and Julius,
166

rPA anthrax vaccine,
97
,
98

Ruby, Jack,
167

Ruby Ridge, ID, government siege of,
48

Rudolph, Eric,
59
–
64
,
83
,
84
,
86
,
134
,
215

expressing remorse for Olympic bombing,
63
,
86

mental state,
234

motivations of,
60
,
61
,
62
–
63
,
85

seen as a “folk-hero” by some,
62
,
225

See also
photo inserts

Rumsfeld, Donald,
303Appendixn6

Rush to Judgment
(Lane),
168

Russia/Soviet Union,
234

Chechen rebel movement,
124
,
246

Narodnaya Volya [“The People's Will”],
113
,
114
–
15
,
146

Oswald wishing to defect to Soviet Union,
166

Russian anarchist movement,
26
,
114

Soviet Union and Cuban missile crisis,
170
,
291n86

Soviet Union as main source of international terrorism in the 1970s and 1980s,
232

Soviet Union blamed for Kennedy assassination,
168

Stalin's Russia,
286n1

Sabbah, Hasan,
145

Sacco, Nicola,
104

Sageman, Marc,
35
,
183
,
203
–
204
,
210
–
11

Salt Lake City, UT, bombing in,
77
,
238

San Bernardino, California, shooting spree in,
vii
,
viii

Sandia National Laboratories,
91

Santayana, George,
229

sarin nerve gas,
108
–
109

threat to use over Washington, DC,
81

used in Tokyo subway system,
42
,
90
–
91
,
93
,
108

Saudi Arabia,
27

intelligence providing information on AQAP bomb,
186
–
87
,
246

Schamber, Donald Wayne,
188

Schünemann, Uwe,
247

Secret Service,
81
,
158

secular lone wolves,
43
–
44
,
46
,
83
,
84
,
86
,
282n26
.
See also
Breivik, Anders; McVeigh, Timothy

Seditionist
(journal),
34

self-radicalization.
See
radicalization process

Senate Homeland Security Committee,
9

separatist causes,
43
,
48
,
113
,
164
,
247
,
282n26

September 11, 2001,
40
,
42
,
49
,
89
,
101
,
116
,
237
,
243
–
45

as “acts of war,”
252

as a “black-swan” event,
279
–
80n51

causing increased public awareness of terrorism,
212

causing worry about possibility of WMD attacks,
93

“conspiracy” theories,
147
–
48

efforts to prevent another,
184

Seveso, Italy, dioxin damage in,
72
–
73

Shahzad, Faisal,
8
,
56
,
214
–
15
,
265
,
297
–
98n71

Shanksville, PA,
40

Shannon, Rachelle,
283n38

Sherman, John,
151

Sherman, William,
151

Shi'as,
27
,
123
,
145
,
260

“shoe bomber.”
See
Reid, Richard

shootings as a terrorist tactic,
vii
,
viii
,
40
,
83
,
90
,
109
,
113
,
115
,
132
,
262
,
266

Mumbai massacre,
89
,
191

shooting outside CIA headquarters,
261
–
62

See also
Breivik, Anders; Guiteau, Charles; Hasan, Nidal Malik; Oswald, Lee Harvey; van der Graaf, Volkert; Von Brunn, James

Shultz, George,
251
–
52

Sicarii,
145
,
181

Simon, Jeffrey D.,
7

single-issue lone wolves,
24
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
59
–
67
,
83
,
84
,
86
,
183
,
230
,
234
.
See also
Rudolph, Eric; van der Graaf, Volkert

Skjolberg, Katja H-W,
25

“smart CCTV,”
193
–
94
,
199

Smith, Stephen,
23

Socialist Nationalist Party of Syria,
124

Socialist Revolutionary movement,
115

socialization and lone wolves,
130
–
31

social media

allowing lone wolf to be “connected” and be anonymous,
33
–
34

right-wing extremists use of,
247

as way to publicize terrorists' causes,
207

See also
Facebook; Twitter; YouTube

sodium cyanide,
79
,
82

Soldier Readiness Center at Fort Hood,
54
.
See also
photo inserts

Soviet Union.
See
Russia/Soviet Union

Spanish American War,
163

Spencer, Robert,
52

Sprinzak, Ehud,
42
–
43

Sri Lanka, Tamil Tigers in,
113
,
123

Stack, Joseph,
30
,
202
–
203
,
204
–
205
,
209
,
225

Stalin, Joseph,
286n1

“Stalwarts” of the Republican Party in 1880,
151
–
53

State Department,
251
–
52

defining terrorism,
259
–
60
,
264

reports on terrorism,
303Appendixn1

statistics on lone wolf terrorism,
239
–
41
,
300
–
301n14

Sterling, Claire,
232

Stern, Jessica,
42

“Stockholm Syndrome,”
117
–
18
,
119

Stoltenberg, Jens,
49
,
242

Stone, Oliver,
168

strangers, lone wolves more able to kill,
132
–
33

Suffolk, England, bombing attempt,
24

suicide attacks as a terrorist tactic,
24
,
32
,
40
,
109
,
114
,
123
–
26
,
135
,
142
,
191
,
203
,
219
,
246
,
279
–
80n51

innocents killed in,
56n114

suicide/hijacking.
See
September 11, 2001

suicide terrorists showing psychological signs,
142
,
208
–
209

women participating in,
113
,
114
,
123
–
27
,
135
,
248
.
See also
Reilly, Nicky; Stack, Joseph

Summer Olympics.
See
Olympics

Sunnis,
125
,
145
,
260

“Superbomb” (essay found in an al Qaeda home),
93
–
94

Supreme Court (US),
186

surveillance,
27
,
32
,
182
,
188
,
192
–
93
,
215

online surveillance,
20
,
32
,
192

See also
closed-circuit television (CCTV)

Sverdlocsk, Soviet Union, microbiology lab in,
96

Swedish cartoonist.
See
Vilks, Lars, threats to kill

Swissair, hijackings of,
116

Symbionese Liberation Army,
122

Syrian Socialist Nationalist Party,
124

tabun nerve gas,
82

tactics used by terrorists.
See
assassinations; barricade-hostage incidents; bombings; chemical weapons; cyberterrorism; hijackings; kidnappings; product contamination; shootings; suicide attacks

Taleb, Nassim Nicholas,
107
,
279
–
80n51

Tamil Tigers.
See
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam

targets of lone wolves,
10
,
21
,
25
,
39
–
43
,
59
,
61
,
84
,
109
–
10
,
217

effect of terrorist violence on targets,
37
,
207
,
236
,
238
,
257

governments as targets,
92
,
94
,
105
,
121
,
122
–
23
,
146
,
177
,
181
,
233
,
236

use of Internet to study targets,
20
,
29
,
32
,
106
,
142
,
192
,
235

tattoos, use of to identify lone wolf attackers,
216
–
17

Technological Wave of terrorism,
25
,
27
–
29
,
245
–
48

technology

impact of on terrorism,
20
,
21
,
91
,
235
–
36
,
256

“technological wave of terrorism,”
25
–
28

use of to fight terrorism,
184
–
227

See also
Internet and terrorism

Tehran, Iran, US hostages in,
89

television and assassination of Kennedy,
167
–
68

“Terror High,”
281
–
82n24

terrorism

battle against as a propaganda war,
210
–
12

and “black swan” attacks,
107

characteristics of,
18

combatting,
181
–
227

Congress passing law in 1956 on bombings of planes and commercial vehicles,
69
,
263
–
64

conventional terrorist attacks,
90
.
See also
bombings; hijackings; kidnappings; shootings

definition of,
10
,
37
–
38
,
251
,
259
–
66

in the 1970s,
9

first used during French Revolution,
145
,
286n1

narrowing definition,
265
–
66

domestic terrorism,
36
,
59
,
61
,
260
,
261
,
300
–
301n14

freedom fighter vs. terrorist,
37
,
117

future of,
243
–
53

government-sponsored terrorism,
25
,
94
,
181
–
82
,
184
,
252
,
257

as a group activity,
18

impact of publicizing terrorist threats,
23
–
24

international terrorism,
20
,
171
,
300
–
301n14

Soviet Union as main source of in the 1970s and 1980s,
232

statistics on,
239

waves of,
244

“leaderless resistance,”
34
–
36
,
183

lulls in terrorist attacks,
237
–
39

misleading nature of statistics on,
239

problem of equating terrorism with war,
251
–
52

psychological comparison of lone wolves and terrorist group members,
233
–
34

reasons for,
24
–
25

religious extremists,
122
–
23
,
282n26

responsive measures after an attack,
213
–
17

retiring from terrorist life,
282n26

secular terrorism showing constraint on violence,
122

tactics.
See
assassinations; barricade-hostage incidents; bombings; chemical weapons; cyberterrorism; hijackings; kidnappings; product contamination; shootings; suicide attacks